Inside the Gender Jihad: Women's Reform in Islam (60 page)

St. Augustine
31
,
180

salah
92
–
3
,
94
,
266
(
38
)

Sarah
122
–
3
,
124
–
5

Saudi Arabia, women in
77

Schleifer, Aliah
128

scholarship-activism
74

Schreiner, Olive
229

Schüssler Fiorenza, Elisabeth
96

semantics
15
–
17

Sen, Gita
270
(
26
)

September
11
attacks
5
,
63
,
222
,
224
–
30
American Academy of Religion and
66
,
67
and
hijab
222
,
226
,
227
,
229

sexuality
198
,
199
,
236
–
9
,
277
(
3
)

female
128
,
193
,
219
,
240

male control of
133
,
180

and the
hijab
219
,
222
–
3

and H.I.V./A.I.D.S.
235
,
236
–
9

male
192
–
3
,
198
,
199
,
222
–
3
,
236
,
238
,

271
(
36
)

post-menopause
193

and the Qur’an
192
–
8

shahadah
9
,
94
,
221
,
263
(
2
),
277
(
5
)

Shaikh, Sa‘diyya
178

shari‘ah
18
,
23
,
34
–
5
,
36
,
38
,
42
,
49
–
50
,
92
,

93
,
147
,
151
–
2
,
237
,
243
,
279
(
7
)

and apostasy
81
–
2

and ethics
37
,
38
,
48
–
52
,
243

and family
150
,
151
,
152
–
3

Index
285

shari‘ah
(
cont
.):

female-inclusive interpretations of Islamic primary sources
7

and gender disparity
41
,
49
,
116
,
150
,
151

H.I.V./A.I.D.S. and
242
–
4

‘ibadah
and
mu‘amalat
35
–
6
,
94
–
5
,
147
and individual responsibility
200
Islamists and
52
–
3
,
151
,
265
(
17
)

and
khilafah
37
,
41

and marriage
153
,
195
,
236
–
7

and motherhood
142

patriarchal basis of
151
–
2

and Qur’anic interpretation
49
,
205

and reform
35
,
42
,
50
,
92
–
5
,
148
,
149
–
51
,

152
,
233
,
243

and sexuality
236
,
238

and
taqwa
11
,
40
,
41
,
42

and theory
92
,
94
,
96

women and
41
,
96
–
7
,
116

see also fiqh
; law, Islamic Shaykh, Shamima
165
,
274
(
10
)
shirk see
polytheism

Sisters in Islam, Malaysia
11
,
87
,
110
,
113
–
18
,

273
(
17
)

evolution of strategies
115
–
17

S.I.S. Forum Inc.
11
–
19

slavery
91
,
123
–
5

and the African-American family
103
,
147
,

152

and African-American Islam
102
–
3

eradication of
138
,
188

institution and practices of
123
–
5

Qur’an and
37
,
123
,
124
,
192
,
205
,

267 (39
)

Smith, W. Robertson
131
,
132
,
133
–
4

sociology
76

South Africa
163
–
8

see also
Claremont Main Road Mosque, Cape Town

Sowell, Thomas
47

submission, Islam as
23
–
4
,
158

Sufism
205
,
258
,
260

sunnah
1
,
7
,
17
,
260
and ethical theory
38
and family
154

female-inclusive interpretations of
7

and justice
1

and
khalifah
37

misinterpretation of
176

and oppression of women
97
particularities in
43
phenomenological approach to
22

as primary source of Islam
56
,
95
,
97
,
154

and
taqwa
48

theory and practical gender reform of
95
,
97

Taliban
77

Taoism
195

taqwa
(moral consciousness)
11
,
14
,
31
,
39
–
42

and agency
31
,
39
–
40
,
48

constructions of
14
–
15
,
39
–
40

and
tawhid
28
–
9
,
31
,
41
–
2
,
185

and ethical development
157

theory and practical gender reform
97

tawhid
(unicity of Allah)
11
,
14
,
28
,
29
,
69
,

93
,
185
,
195
–
6
,
251

academia and
69

constructions of
14
,
15

and cosmology
29

and Islamic law and orthodoxy
93

and
khalifah
42

and
khilafah
14
–
15

public ritual leadership
185
–
6

and reform
28

and
taqwa
11
,
14
,–
15
,
28
–
9
,
31
,
41
–
2
,
185

tawhidic
paradigm x,
24
–
32
,
46
,
168
,
185
,

210
,
251

textual reappropriation by women
7
,
8
,
14
,

15
–
16
,
88

see also
Qur’an, interpretive possibilities and gender

theory

and Islamic law
92
–
5

and practical gender reforms
95
–
8

and practice, relationship between
87
–
90
,
92

Tillich, Paul
259

transcendence
28
,
29
,
30
,
31
,
32
,
35
,
81
,
110
,

185
,
191
,
195
–
6
,
199
,
207
,
210
,
213
,

271 (3
)

Tronto, Joan C.
44
–
5
,
109

T.R.U.T.H.
105
–
6
,
108
–
10
,
117

‘Umar
50

ummah
(the global Muslim community)
131
,
135
,
136
,
182
,
185
,
186
,
230

Umm Waraqah
177

United Nations, Year of the Family
130

United States of America academia
57
–
8
,
61
–
72
African-American Muslims

family
145
–
9
,
152

September
11
attacks
228

women’s networks
102
–
10

civil rights movement
4
,
271
(
11
)

da‘wah
movement
164

family
150
–
1

Year of the Family
130

H.I.V./A.I.D.S.
242

September
11
attacks
224
–
5
,
226
–
8

Valantasis, Richard
53

Walker, Margaret
104

Webb, Gisela xvi,
269
(
18
) Welch, Sharon D.
45
Winfrey, Oprah
69
,
82

World Conference on Religion and Peace (W.C.R.P.)
234

X, Malcolm
63
,
67
,
260

zina
(fornication)
234
–
5
,
236
,
240
,
241
–
2
,

278 (18
)

zulm
(oppression, injustice)
4
,
15
,
263
(
4
)

286 inside the gender jihad