Hezbollah (89 page)
Authors: Matthew Levitt
US Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). Directorate of Intelligence. “Al-Qa’ida in Sudan, 1992–96: Old School Ties Lead down Dangerous Path.” March 10, 2003.
———. “Attacks against Saudi Interests: Inspired by Iran [redacted].”
Terrorism Review
, June 2, 1988.
———. “Bahraini Hizballah Still Active?”
Terrorism Review
, May 1997.
———. “Beirut: Terrorist Mecca.”
Terrorism Review
, January 13, 1987.
———. “Detainee Reporting Pivotal for the War Against Al-Qa’ida,” June 3, 2005.
———. “Escape of the Dawa 15.”
Terrorism Review
, September 6, 1990.
———“Expanding Links between Alien Smugglers and Extremists: Threats to the United States.” July 6, 2001.
———. “Former Consul Arrested for Selling Passports.”
Terrorism Review
, November 2, 1989.
———. “Greece: The Tsoutsouvis Case.”
Terrorism Review
, July 1, 1985.
———. “Hizballah Terrorist Plans against U.S. Interests.” December 6, 1991.
———. “Hizballah Ties to Egyptian Fundamentalists.”
Near East and South Asia Review
, April 24, 1987.
———. “Iran and the Radical Palestinians.”
Terrorism Review
, June 1, 1989.
———. “Iran and the U.S. Hostages in Lebanon.” August 1, 1998.
———. “Iran: Enhanced Terrorist Capabilities and Expanding Target Selection.” April 1, 1992.
———. “Iran: The Uses of Terror.”
Terrorism Review
, October 22, 1987.
———. “Iran-Hizballah-Israel: Inching toward a Hostage Release.”
Terrorism Review
, June 27, 1991.
———. “Iran-Lebanon: Playing Politics with Western Hostages.”
Terrorism Review
, March 21, 1991.
———. “Iranian Support for Terrorism in 1985.”
Terrorism Review
, January 13, 1986.
———. “Iranian Support for Terrorism in 1987.”
Terrorism Review
, February 25, 1988.
———. “Iranian Support for Terrorism: Rafsanjani’s Report Card.”
Terrorism Review
, August 9, 1990.
———. “Iranian Surveillance of US Persons and Facilities 1995.” January 1996.
———. “Keenan’s Release a Victory for Rafsanjani.”
Terrorism Review
, September 6, 1990.
———. “Khobar Bombing: Saudi Oppositionists and Iran Major Suspects [redacted].”
Terrorism Review
, July 1996.
———. “Lebanese in Sub-Saharan Africa.” January 1988.
———. “Lebanon: The Hizb Allah.” September 27, 1984.
———. “Lebanon: Hizballah at the Crossroads.”
Terrorism Review
, October 6, 1988.
———. “Lebanon: Hizballah at the Crossroads [redacted].”
Near East and South Asia Review
, August 26, 1988.
———. “Lebanon: ‘Islamic Jihad’ Goes Public on Hostages.”
Terrorism Review
, June 3, 1985.
———. “Lebanon: Nabih Barri and Negotiations.”
Middle East Africa Brief
, June 18, 1985.
———. “Lebanon: The Prospects for Islamic Fundamentalism.” July 1987.
———. “Lebanon: The Theology of Power and the Power of Theology.”
Near East and South Asia Review
, August 29, 1986.
———. “Lebanon’s Hizballah: Testing Political Waters, Keeping Militant Agenda.” July 1992.
———. “Lebanon’s Khomeini: Muhammad Husayn Fadlallah.”
Terrorism Review
, March 25, 1985.
———. Memorandum for the DCI, “Iranian Support for International Terrorism.” November 22, 1986.
———. Memorandum for the Honorable Robert B. Oakley, Special Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs, from the Office of Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs, “Iran and the U.S. Hostages in Lebanon,” August 1, 1988.
———. “Middle East Terrorism: The Threat and Possible US Responses.” February 15, 1985.
———. “Middle Eastern Terrorism: Retrospect and Prospect.”
Terrorism Review
, December 14, 1989.
———. “New Rash of Kidnappings in Lebanon.”
Terrorism Review
, March 25, 1985.
———. “Overview of State-Supported Terrorism in 1985.”
Terrorism Review
, January 13, 1986.
———. “Planning to Prosecute Shaykh for Bombing.”
National Intelligence Daily
, February 13, 1998.
———. “Prospects for Hizballah Terrorism in Africa.”
Terrorism Review
, October 22, 1987.
———. “Saudi Diplomat Assassinated.”
Terrorism Review
, December 1, 1988.
———. “Shia Extremists Taste Own Medicine.”
Terrorism Review
, March 25, 1985.
———. “Shootdown of Iran Air 655.”
Terrorism Review
, July 28, 1988.
———. “South Korea: Terrorist Threats to the Seoul Olympics [redacted].”
Terrorism Review
, June 2, 1988.
———. “Spot Commentary: Status of TWA Hijacking/Hostages.” June 26, 1985.
———. “Summary of Initiatives Known to DCI Hostage Location Task Force Which Have Been Taken to Secure the Release of US Hostages in Lebanon.” December 18, 1986.
———. “Terrorist Use of Beirut International Airport.”
Terrorism Review
, July 1, 1985.
———. “Two Jordanian Jets Hijacked for Opposing Reasons.”
Terrorism Review
, July 1, 1985.
———. “Western Government Installations Targeted by Shia Terrorists.”
Terrorism Review
, March 25, 1985.
———. “Western Hostages in Lebanon: Latest Developments and Implications.”
Terrorism Review
, April 8, 1985.
———. “Wild, Wild West Beirut.”
Terrorism Review
, April 8, 1985.
Matthew Levitt is
a senior fellow at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy, where he directs the institute’s Stein Program on Counterterrorism and Intelligence. He has taught at Johns Hopkins University’s School of Advanced International Studies and has held fellowships with the Combating Terrorism Center at the US Military Academy (West Point), the Homeland Security Policy Institute at George Washington University, and the Program on Negotiation at Harvard Law School, and is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations.
Previously, Levitt served in the senior executive service as the Deputy Assistant Secretary for Intelligence and Analysis at the US Department of the Treasury. He has also served as a counterterrorism adviser to Gen. (ret.) James L. Jones, the State Department’s Special Envoy for Middle East Regional Security, and as an FBI counterterrorism analyst, which included work on the Millennial and September 11 plots.
Widely published, Levitt has authored numerous monographs, journal articles, and editorials in leading outlets ranging from the
Washington Post
to
Foreign Affairs
. His previous books include
Hamas: Politics, Charity, and Terrorism in the Service of Jihad
(Yale University Press, 2006) and
Negotiating under Fire: Preserving Peace Talks in the Face of Terror Attacks
(Rowman & Littlefield, 2008). He holds an MA in law and diplomacy and a PhD in international relations from Tufts University’s Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy.
Surnames beginning with “al” and “el” are alphabetized by the following part of the name
.
Abdallah, Adnan Yousef,
80
Abdallah, Mohammad Yousef,
79
,
80
,
83
abductions.
See
kidnappings
Abdullah (Saudi Crown Prince),
200
Abdullah, Abu,
332
Abdullah Ali, Isa,
146
–49
Abousaeidi, Ahmad,
88
Abouselah, Ali,
159
Action Directe network,
59
Adam, Abu,
160
AFOSI (Air Force Office of Special Investigations, US),
191
Africa,
246
–84
arms trafficking in,
267
–69
blood diamonds in,
261
–65
expatriate remittances from,
254
–57
Hezbollah “cover companies” in,
257
–59
mafia-style shakedowns in,
259
–61
narco-terrorism in,
272
–76
operations in,
251
–53
recruitment and radicalization in,
265
–67
Sunni extremists in,
269
–72.
See also specific countries
Ahad (cover name),
91
Ahl al-Beit cultural center,
60
Ahmad, Ibrahim,
264
Ahmad-Nia, Jaffar Saadat,
99
Aideed, Mohamed Farah,
269
Air Afrique flight 56 hijacking (1987),
59
,
251
–53
Air Force Office of Special Investigations (AFOSI, US),
191
el-Aissami, Tarek,
343
Ajoudi, Mostafa,
64
Akawi, Omar,
267
al-Akhdar, Nasir,
332
Akl, Amera,
330
–31
Akl, Hor,
330
–31
Aladine, Ali Najem,
1
–3
Alamolhoda, Ahmad,
88
Alan, Mohammed,
343
Alavi, Majid,
366
–67
Alawieh, Hussein,
151
Alawieh Import Export,
151
Albahli, Fahad Az,
138
Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms Bureau (ATF, US),
75
,
157
Algiers, TWA flight 847 hijacking role of,
53
,
56
–57
Alhabsyi, Abdulkadir Ali,
126
Alhabsyi, Husein Ali,
126
Ali, Jamal Jafar Muhammad.
See
al-Muhandis, Abu Mahdi
al-Mabarrat Charity Association,
28
,
161
–62,
330
al-Manar (satellite television station),
10
,
12
,
14
,
16
,
168
,
332
–34
Alomari, Yehia Ali Ahmed,
329
–30
Alpha counterterrorism unit (KGB),
40
al-Qaeda,
17
n
10,
119
,
199
,
263
,
270
,
272
,
358
al-Qard al-Hassan,
10
Alsaif, Ahmed,
138
al-Shabab,
368
al-Tauhid mosque,
85
Alzakzaky, Ibrahim,
265
Amal,
11
–12,
37
,
46
n
119,
57
,
58
,
146
,
154
,
250
Amar, Hamad Abu,
268
al-Ameri, Hadi,
289
American University of Beirut,
28
,
34
,
99
,
230
Ames, Robert C.,
23
AMIA.
See
Asociación Mutual Israelita Argentina bombing (1994)
al-Amin, Ibrahim,
60
Amiri, Masoud,
88
Amiri, Shahram,
360
Anderson, Kurt B.,
181
Anderson, Terry,
38
–39
Aneisi, Hasan,
6
Angola: civil war in,
262
diamond trade in,
261
Annan, Kofi,
5
Ansar Allah (Partisans of God),
102
Aqil, Ibrahim,
215
al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade (Fatah),
236
Ardalan, Homayoun,
67
Argentina: immigration from Lebanon and Syria to,
78
–80
Iran’s intelligence footprint in,
106
narco-terrorism in,
104
–6
operations in,
75
–116
sleeper cells in,
85
–86
tri-border area (TBA) in,
77
tri-border support network in,
80
–85.
See also
Buenos Aires
arms trafficking: in Africa,
267
–69
dual-use procurement for,
163
–66
in Indonesia,
129
in South America,
102
and Unit 1800,
219
Arnaudo, Monica Lucía,
75
Arosfram (food-import company),
258
Asaib Ahl al-Haq,
296
Asgari, Ali-Reza,
360
Ashuah, Hussein,
236
Ashuah, Khaled,
235
–36
Asociación Mutual Israelita Argentina (AMIA) bombing (1994): intelligence and logistics support for,
88
–93
plotting of,
86
–88
sleeper cell coordination for,
85
–86
al-Assad, Hafiz,
12
assassinations: of Eid,
7
Iranian dissidents targeted,
63
–64
of Musawi,
98
–99