Edward II: The Unconventional King (59 page)

115
. Gransden,
Historical Writing
, 20, citing
Flores
, 217, citing Acts 16, 22–28, and Acts 12, 6–11.

116
.
Brut
, 231;
Murimuth
, 40.

117
. F. D. Blackley, ‘Isabella and the Bishop of Exeter’, 221.

118
.
Traitor
, 130–31.

119
.
CCR 1323–7
, 137–8, 140–1.

120
.
CPR 1321–4
, 349;
CCR 1323–7
, 134–5.

121
.
CPR 1327–30
, 17, 28, 31, 42, 57, 60, 70, 125;
AP
, 311.

122
.
CPR 1321–4
, 443, 449.

123
.
CCR 1323–7
, 87–8, 106.

124
.
Sardos
, 22, 103.

125
. Haines,
Church and Politics
, 49–52, 139–53; Haines,
Edward
, 152–7.

126
.
Lancaster
, 319.

127
.
Vita
, 136–8.

128
.
AP
, 306;
Opposition
, 561–2.

129
. Tout,
Chapters
, Vol. 2, 277.

130
. Sayles,
Functions
, 328, for the quote.

131
.
Sardos
, 176–7.

132
.
Sardos
, 180.

133
.
Sardos
, 5;
CCW
, 548.

134
.
CCR 1323–7
, 322.

135
.
CCR 1323–7
, 21–2, 58, 156, 171–3.

136
.
CCW
, 549–50.

137
. ‘Secular Musicians’, 71.

138
. J. P. Toomey,
Records of Hanley Castle
(2001), xx. The castle has long since disappeared.

139
. Martyn Lawrence, ‘Secular Patronage’, 92–3.

140
.
CCR 1323–7
, 72;
Foedera
, 546;
Murimuth
, 43;
AP
, 306.

141
.
CPR 1321–4
, 426.

142
.
Sardos
, 189.

143
.
Sardos
, 188–90;
Foedera
, 547.

13 Catastrophe in Gascony

1
. T
yranny
, 162–4.

2
.
CPL
, 461.

3
.
CCR 1323–7
, 171.

4
.
CCR 1323–7
, 175–6. Alfonso XI, born August 1311, was a great-great-grandson of Edward’s grandfather Fernando III. Juan Manuel was also a grandson of Fernando III. Felipe was the son of Sancho IV and brother of Fernando IV, and Juan el Tuerto was the son of Juan (died 1319), son of Edward’s uncle Alfonso X.

5
.
Place
, 283–4; Prestwich, ‘Piety of Edward I’, 126.

6
. Hamilton,
Gaveston
, 167, note 85.

7
.
Flores
, 222;
Valence
, 233.

8
.
Brut
, 232.

9
.
CCR 1318–23
, 563–4.

10
.
Valence
, 234–6.

11
.
Sardos
, 131–2, 191.

12
.
Tyranny
, 143.

13
. Morris,
Terrible King
, 268;
Baker
, 15.

14
.
Sardos
, 64.

15
.
Sardos
, 61–3, 92.

16
.
Sardos
, 50, note 1;
Foedera
, 570.

17
.
Sardos
, 52–3;
Tyranny
, 143.

18
.
CCR 1323–7
, 313–4.

19
.
CPR 1324–7
, 32.

20
.
CCR 1323–7
, 358–9.

21
.
CCR 1323–7
, 516–7.

22
.
CPR 1324–7
, 104.

23
.
CPR 1324–7
, 103–4;
Sardos
, 140–2.

24
.
CCR 1323–7
, 254, 344.

25
.
CPR 1324–7
, 104.

26
.
CCR 1323–7
, 556–7. Like Alfonso XI of Castile, Afonso IV of Portugal was the great-great-grandson of Fernando III of Castile. Queen Beatriz was yet another of Edward’s Castilian cousins, daughter of Sancho IV and sister of Fernando IV.

27
. Haines,
Edward
, 323.

28
.
CCR 1323–7
, 344–5.

29
.
Sardos
, 76, 80.

30
.
Sardos
, 118–19, 145.

31
.
Sardos
, 130.

32
.
Sardos
, 59, 72–3.

33
. Fryde, ‘Deposits’, 361–2;
Tyranny
, 145.

34
. Sardos, 59–61;
Tyranny
, 145.

35
.
CFR 1319–27
, 300–2, 308;
CCR 1323–7
, 223, 260;
Foedera
, 569.

36
.
Lanercost
, 249, is one of the chronicles which gives Isabella’s income as a pound a day; see Buck, ‘Reform of the Exchequer’, 251;
Place
, 140; and Tout,
Chapters
, Vol. 5, 274, for her real income.

37
. Menache, ‘Isabelle of France’, 110.

38
. Tout,
Chapters
, Vol. 3, 275.

39
.
CPR 1317–21
, 38, 46, for the seizure of Marguerite’s lands.

40
.
CCR 1323–7
, 204, 206–7, 209–11, 216.

41
.
Sardos
, 128, 130.

42
.
CCR 1323–7
, 260;
CPR 1324–7
, 88, 157, 243; SAL MS 122, 81;
Notes and Queries
, 7th series (September 1886), 258. The girls lived sometimes in Pleshey, Essex, and sometimes in Marlborough, Wiltshire. One of them stayed for a while with the prioress of Ankerwick, Buckinghamshire, in or before May 1325 (SAL MS 122, 2, 78).

43
. Underhill,
Good Estate
, 40–41.

44
. TNA E 101/382/12: expenses; SAL MS 122, 66.

45
. Paul Doherty in his 1977 doctoral thesis about Isabella claimed that Edward removed the queen’s children from her at the same time as he confiscated her lands in September 1324. The source Doherty cites for this, TNA E 403/201, is an issue roll of Edward’s wardrobe department from 8 July 1322 to 7 July 1323.

46
.
CPR 1292–1301
, 592, 606; Benz St John,
Three Medieval Queens
, 109–110.

47
. Ormrod, ‘Royal Nursery’, 400–11.

48
. Marshall, ‘Childhood and Household’,
RENP
, 191–2.

49
.
Lanercost
, 249;
Flores
, 226.

50
.
Household Book
, 19, 127–9.

51
. Haines,
Edward
, 43, 375.

52
.
PROME
;
Sardos
, 95–7.

53
.
Sardos
, 59, 214, 224, 233–4. There are many other such examples.

54
.
Sardos
, 104, 217–8. Despenser, although about a dozen years older than Kent, was his nephew by marriage: Kent was the youngest son of Edward I, and Despenser’s wife was Edward’s eldest granddaughter.

55
.
Sardos
, 143, 145.

56
.
Sardos
, 143, 145.

57
.
Scalacronica
, 70.

58
.
Sardos
, 76.

59
.
CPR 1324–7
, 6;
CDS
, 155–6;
Foedera
, 561, 578.

60
.
Vita
, 131–4.

61
. ‘Secular Musicians’, 72; Emma Griffin,
Blood Sport: Hunting in Britain since 1066
(2007), 81.

62
.
CIM
, 326.

63
. Vale, ‘Ritual Ceremony’, 25, citing TNA E 101/380/4, folio 24v.

64
. ‘Secular Musicians’, 72.

65
.
CPR 1317–21
, 387, 582.

66
.
CPR 1324–7
, 88, 157, 243.

67
.
CPR 1324–7
, 335;
CMR
, 32. John was the eldest son of the earl of Hereford killed at Boroughbridge in 1322.

68
. Haines,
Archbishop John Stratford
, 156, says that neither Charles IV, Isabella nor anyone else ‘had the slightest inkling of the extraordinary outcome of the policy they were advocating. Only in retrospect could the imaginative discern an overall scheme’ to deprive Edward of his throne.

69
. Sponsler, ‘King’s Boyfriend’, 153, 163; Saaler,
Edward II
, 123.

70
. Menache, ‘Isabelle of France’, 115.

71
.
Sardos
, 42–3.

72
.
Sardos
, 195–6.

73
.
Baker
, 19.

74
.
CPL
, 458, 462, 465, 467–8.

75
.
Foedera
, 599.

76
.
Vita
, 135.

77
.
Lanercost
, 249;
AP
, 337.

78
.
CPL
, 474; Blackley, ‘Bishop of Exeter’, 226.

79
.
Croniques
, 50;
Anonimalle
, 120;
Brut
, 233.

80
. Blackley, ‘Bishop of Exeter’, 226.

81
.
Sardos
, 196.

82
.
CCR 1323–7
, 353.

83
.
Sardos
, 267.

84
. Blackley, ‘Bishop of Exeter’, 228;
Tyranny
, 96.

85
.
Vita
, 143.

86
.
Sardos
, 199–200.

87
.
CPL
, 466.

88
.
CCR 1323–7
, 352;
Foedera
, 591, 595.

89
.
CCR 1323–7
, 353.

90
.
Sardos
, 114.

91
.
Place
, 298, 315.

92
.
CCR 1323–7
, 500.

93
.
Foedera
, 601.

94
. SAL MS 122, 4, 16, 19.

95
. SAL MS 122, 19.

96
.
CCR 1327–30
, 143–4, 147–8;
CIM
, 245–7; TNA SC 8/169/8443, SC 8/169/8437 etc.

97
. Fryde, ‘Deposits’, 361–2.

98
. SAL MS 122, 21.

99
.
CCR 1323–7
, 385;
Foedera
, 602–3.

100
.
Tyranny
, 148.

101
. Buck,
Politics, Finance
, 156, note 199.

102
.
Vita
, 140.

103
. Parsons,
Eleanor
, 13.

104
.
CPL
, 466;
Foedera
, 603.

105
.
CCR 1323–7
, 496; SAL MS 122, 26, 31.

106
.
CPR 1324–7
, 161–2, 166–8;
CCR 1323–7
, 503.

107
.
Tyranny
, 96.

108
.
CPR 1324–7
, 171.

109
.
CPR 1324–7
, 171.

110
.
CCR 1323–7
, 399; CPR
1324–7
, 171.

111
.
CPR 1324–7
, 167–70, 173–5.

112
.
Foedera
, 607;
Sardos
, 195, 241.

113
.
Murimuth
, 44; Denholm-Young, ‘Edward of Windsor and Bermondsey Priory’, 433. Phillips, 67, says that Abbot William was one of Edward’s close personal friends.

114
. SAL MS 122, 20–22.

115
.
CCR 1323–7
, 577–8.

116
.
Anonimalle
, 120;
Murimuth
, 44;
Vita
, 138.

14 The Queen Takes a Favourite

1
. Denholm-Young, ‘Bermondsey Priory’, 433–4;
Foedera
, 609.

2
.
Sardos
, 243;
CCR 1323–7
, 507;
CPR 1324–7
, 175.

3
. SAL MS 122, 27.

4
. Saaler,
Edward II
, 124.

5
. SAL MS 122, 27.

6
.
CCW
, 569.

7
. SAL MS 122, 28.

8
.
Itinerary
, 277; SAL MS 122, 29.

9
. SAL MS 122, 28, 34, 38.

10
.
CCR 1323–7
, 526;
Foedera
, 612–3.

11
. SAL MS 122, 29, 34.

12
. SAL MS 122, 38,

13
.
AP
, 310, saying that Kent married Margaret around the time that Charles of Valois died, i.e. 16 December.

14
.
CCR 1323–7
, 464.

15
. Blackley, ‘Bishop of Exeter’, 230–5; Buck,
Politics,
Finance
, 156–8.

16
.
Vita
, 142–3;
Croniques
, 49.

17
. Haines,
Edward
, 170; Phillips
,
491.

18
. SAL MS 122, 40ff.

19
.
Livere
, 354–5;
CCR 1323–7
, 593;
CFR 1319–27
, 418.

20
. Haines,
Archbishop John Stratford
, 166.

21
. Blackley, ‘Bishop of Exeter’, 231; Carla Lord, ‘Isabella at the Court’, 46.

22
.
CCR 1323–7
, 552;
CFR 1319–27
, 383, 388;
Foedera
, 630.

23
.
Vita
, 143–4.

24
.
Vita
, 144–5.

25
.
CPR 1324–7
, 171, 193;
CCR 1323–7
, 505–6, 508, 527–8, 540–1, 569.

26
. Vale,
Princely Court
, 159, 339.

27
.
Foedera
, 617–8;
CPL
, 260.

28
. CCR
1323–7
, 543.

29
.
CCR 1323–7
, 578–9.

30
.
Lanercost
, 266–7;
Vita et Mors
, 307, cited in Haines,
Edward
, 169.