Edward II: The Unconventional King (58 page)

53
.
CCR 1318–23
, 525–6;
Foedera
, 474, and see also 459, 463, 472.

54
.
Bruce
, 343.

55
.
CCR 1318–23
, 515–16.

56
.
Lancaster
, 307.

57
.
CCR 1318–23
, 516;
Foedera
, 474.

58
.
CPR 1321–4
, 64;
AP
, 301.

59
.
CCR 1318–23
, 521–2;
Foedera
, 474–5.

60
.
CCR 1318–23
, 525–6.

61
.
CCR 1318–23
, 524.

62
.
CCR 1318–23
, 525.

63
.
Gesta
, 75.

64
.
CFR 1319–27
, 100.

65
.
Livere
, 341.

66
. Haines,
Edward
.

67
.
Opposition
, 218, 233.

68
.
CPR 1338–40
, 102–3.

69
. George Sayles, ‘Formal Judgements on the Traitors’, 58.

70
.
Lanercost
, 235;
Croniques
, 44. See also
Gesta
, 74–5;
Baker
, 13;
Flores
, 346;
Livere
, 340;
Murimuth
, 36. For Elizabeth’s statement, see G. A. Holmes, ‘A Protest Against the Despensers’, 210.

71
.
Vita
, 123.

72
.
Lancaster
, 310.

73
.
Brut
, 217.

74
.
Flores
, 346.

75
. Hamilton,
Gaveston
, 39.

76
. For the battle, see:
Brut
, 215–20;
Lanercost
, 231–3;
Flores
, 204–05;
Gesta
, 74–6.

77
.
Foedera
, 479;
CIM
, 130.

78
.
Vita
, 124–5.

79
.
CCR 1318–23
, 535;
CIM
, 131.

80
.
CIM
, 129–134.

81
.
Brut
, 216– 21.

82
.
Vita
, 125.

83
.
Anonimalle
, 106.

84
. Phillips, 408;
Lancaster
, 311–12.

85
.
Vita
, 126.

86
.
Brut
, 222;
Vita
, 126;
Livere
, 341–2.

87
.
Lanercost
, 234;
Anonimalle
, 108;
Brut
, 222.

88
.
Vita
, 126.

89
.
Brut
, 223;
Vita
, 126.

90
.
Scalacronica
, 67.

91
.
Brut
, 223;
Lanercost
, 234;
AP
, 302–03;
Baker
, 14;
Gesta
, 77;
Trokelowe
, 112–24.

92
.
Anonimalle
, 108;
Brut
, 228;
Lancaster
, 329.

93
.
Lancaster
, 329.

94
.
CPR 1321–4
, 148–9;
CCR 1318–23
, 673; Sayles, ‘Formal Judgement’, 60.

95
.
Trokelowe
, 109.

96
.
Scalacronica
, 67;
Gesta
, 78;
Anonimalle
, 108–10;
Lanercost
, 237;
AP
, 303;
Foedera
, 536–7;
Vita
, 119–20. For a full list of the men executed, see
http://edwardthesecond.blogspot.com/2009/06/edward-iis-executions-of-1322.html

97
.
Brut
, 221;
CPR 1338–40
, 209; Sayles, ‘Formal Judgement’, 60.

98
. Haskins, ‘Chronicle of the Civil Wars’, 83;
Lanercost
, 62;
Vita
, 100.

99
.
CFR 1319–27
, 280;
CCR 1323–7
, 202–03.

100
.
CFR 1319–27
, 154–71.

101
. Buck ‘Reform of Exchequer’, 247–8.

102
.
Tyranny
, 63.

103
. Phillips, 412, note 7; Morris,
Terrible King
, 190.

104
.
Anonimalle
, 80;
Lanercost
, 235;
Flores
, 200, cited in Phillips, 412.

105
.
CPR 1321–4
, 249; see also
Anonimalle
, 110;
Opposition
, 565.

106
.
CPR 1321–4
, 93;
Foedera
, 481.

107
.
CChR
, 441–53;
CPR 1321–4
, 183, 327;
Foedera
, 491;
CCR 1323–7
, 335;
Tyranny
, 107–18, 228–32.

108
.
CDS
, 140.

109
.
Foedera
, 481;
CPL
, 448; TNA SC 7/25/14. Doherty,
Death
, 74, claims without citing a source that John XXII ‘intervened and begged the King to show some restraint’ regarding the executions. I have been unable to find this.

110
.
Brut
, 225.

12 Tyranny, Miracles and an Escape

1
.
Vita
, 136.

2
.
Brut
, 220;
Scalacronica
, 70.

3
. Holmes, ‘Judgement’, 265.

4
.
CIM
, 200–01.

5
. Underhill,
Good Estate
, 31–3.

6
. Holmes, ‘Protest Against the Despensers’, 211.

7
.
Scalacronica
, 70.

8
.
Tyranny
, 107, 232.

9
. E. B. Fryde, ‘Deposits of Hugh Despenser’, 348.

10
. ‘First Journal’, 676.

11
. TNA E 372/171, mem. 41;
CPR 1324–7
, 172, 278, 325;
CPR 1327–30
, 168–9.

12
. John Carmi Parsons, ‘Intercessory Patronage’, 153–5.

13
.
Opposition
, 97; SAL MS 122, 43.

14
. Claire Sponsler, ‘The King’s Boyfriend’, 147;
Polychronicon
, 314.

15
.
CFR 1319–27
, 124;
CCR 1318–23
, 529–34, 556–9.

16
.
Lanercost
, 237–8.

17
.
CCR 1318–23
, 577–8;
CPR 1321–4
, 184.

18
. Gunnar Tilander,
La Venerie de Twiti
(1956).

19
. Weir,
Isabella
, 170.

20
. Blackley, ‘Bastard Son’, 76–7.

21
.
Foedera
, 497;
CCR 1318–23
, 680.

22
. Graham Bell,
Robert the Bruce’s Forgotten Victory,
114;
Bruce
, 345–6.

23
.
Flores
, 224–5.

24
.
Anonimalle
, 112. See also
Lanercost
, 240, and
CDS
, 147.

25
.
Foedera
, 498.

26
.
Gesta
, 79.

27
.
Flores
, 210;
Lanercost
, 240.

28
.
Croniques
, 45.

29
.
Scalacronica
, 69–70.

30
.
Flores
, 218;
Tyranny
, 69–105.

31
. Holmes, ‘Judgement’, 265.

32
.
CDS
, 146.

33
.
Bruce
, 346.

34
. Haines,
Edward
, 84 and 394, note 142; Weir,
Isabella
, 146–7; Doherty,
Death
, 75–8.

35
. Doherty,
Death
, 75, says the Despensers ‘decided once again to place the Queen in danger’. His account of subsequent events in fact contradicts this.

36
. Weir,
Isabella
, 146; Saaler,
Edward II
, 116.

37
.
CPL
, 457.

38
. ‘First Journal’, 678.

39
.
CPR 1321–4
, 227, 229.

40
.
CCR 1318–23
, 597;
CPR 1321–4
, 206.

41
.
CPR 1321–4
, 215, 221–2, 254;
CCR 1318–23
, 622, 685; ‘First Journal’, 680.

42
. ‘First Journal’, 678;
Vita
, 128.

43
.
Vita
, 128.

44
.
Flores
, 212;
CPR 1321–4
, 232.

45
. Phillips, 428–9.

46
. Phillips, 429.

47
. ‘Secular Musicians’, 70; ‘First Journal’, 675–6.

48
.
Livere
, 347;
Brut
, 228.

49
. ‘First Journal’, 676, 678; TNA E 101/379/17.

50
. ‘First Journal’ 677; E 101/379/17.

51
. ‘First Journal’, 677–8; E 101/379/17.

52
.
CCR 1318–23
, 687, 690.

53
. Saaler,
Edward II
, 116.

54
. TNA E 101/379/17, 4.

55
. Isabella’s letter: TNA SC 1/37/45; Eleanor’s: SC 1/37/4.

56
.
Opposition
, 96–7; E 101/379/7.
La Alianore
appears to have been a different ship from
La Despenser
.

57
. Phillips, 363–4, note 222, and 483, note 169; Haines,
Edward
, 43, 375, note 93; ‘Court’, 71.

58
. ‘Court’, 71.

59
.
Flores,
229; ‘Court’, 71.

60
.
Knighton
, 434.

61
. Doherty,
Death
, 100–2, suggests that Despenser sexually harassed Isabella or that ‘wife-swapping’ was involved; Weir,
Isabella
, 149, that Despenser raped the queen. No evidence is offered except the ‘dishonour’.

62
. ‘First Journal’, 678.

63
. ‘First Journal’, 679.

64
.
CCR 1323–7
, 168, 327;
CPR 1321–4
, 341;
CPR 1324–7
, 52; TNA E 40/4880; Fryde, ‘Deposits’, 348, 351.

65
.
Lanercost
, 241.

66
.
Foedera
, 502;
CDS
, 148.

67
.
CCR 1318–23
, 692;
CPR 1321–4
, 234.

68
. ‘First Journal’, 678.

69
.
Lanercost
, 242 (quotation);
Foedera
, 504.

70
.
Lanercost
, 243–4.

71
.
CPR 1321–4
, 260;
Lanercost
, 245;
Brut
, 227–8;
Foedera
, 509.

72
.
Brut
, 228.

73
.
Lanercost
, 245;
Gesta
, 81–4;
AP
, 303–4;
Trokelowe
, 127.

74
. CCR
1327–30
, 404.

75
.
Lanercost
, 242.

76
.
CDS
, 152.

77
.
CCR 1318–23
, 697;
Foedera
, 506.

78
. ‘First Journal’, 679; TNA E 101/379/7, mem. 3.

79
. TNA E 101/379/7, mem. 3.

80
.
Vita
, 129–31;
Trokelowe
, 138–9.

81
.
Livere
, 347, and see also
Brut
, 231, and
Trokelowe
, 138–9.

82
.
CPR 1321–4
, 234;
Vita
, 130.

83
.
CPR
1321–4
, 257, 314, 349.

84
.
Foedera
, 507.

85
.
CCR 1318–23
, 697. Sanchia and Richard of Cornwall’s only child Edmund died childless in 1300, leaving Edward I and then Edward II as his heirs.

86
.
CCR 1323–7
, 136;
Foedera
, 531, 534.

87
.
CCR 1318–23
, 697.

88
.
Foedera
, 517–20, 524–9.

89
.
Foedera
, 527; Haines,
Archbishop John Stratford
, 139.

90
.
CCR 1323–7
, 147–8;
CCW
, 546.

91
.
CCR 1323–7
, 147–8;
CCW
, 546.

92
.
Foedera
, 464.

93
. Haines,
Church and Politics
, 138.

94
.
CCR 1323–7
, 325.

95
. Edwards, ‘Political Importance’, 336; Haines,
John Stratford
, 139.

96
.
CPL
, 468–9.

97
. Edwards, ‘Political Importance’, 340.

98
. Malcolm Vale, ‘Ritual Ceremony’, 27; Teofilo F. Ruiz,
The City and the Realm 1080–1492
(2004), 144.

99
.
CCR 1318–23
, 701;
Foedera
, 510.

100
.
Lancaster
, 329–30.

101
.
Tyranny
, 153.

102
.
CIM
, 528–9.

103
.
Brut
, 230.

104
.
CCW
, 543.

105
.
CPR 1321–4
, 278;
CDS
, 150;
Valence
, 230–1.

106
.
CPR 1321–4
, 277–9;
Foedera
, 510–11, 521–3;
Gesta
, 84;
Flores
, 215–16;
Lanercost
, 246–7.

107
.
CCR 1318–23
, 713–4.

108
.
Sardos
, 16.

109
. ‘Secular Musicians’, 71;
CPR 1321–4
, 333;
Foedera
, 531.

110
.
CCR 1323–7
, 13.

111
.
CCR 1323–7
, 132.

112
.
CPR 1321–4
, 335; Phillips, 459.

113
.
CCR 1323–7
, 133.

114
.
Scalacronica
, 72;
Lanercost
, 251;
Anonimalle
, 116;
AP
, 305–6;
Croniques
, 46–7;
Livere
, 349–51;
Trokelowe
, 145–6.