Dresden (61 page)

Colville, John.
On the Fringes of Power: 10 Downing Street Diaries 1939–1955
. London, 1985.

Cook, Ronald C., and Roy Conyers Nesbit.
Target: Hitler's Oil-Allied Attacks on German Oil Supplies 1939–45
. London, 1985.

Craven, Wesley Frank, and James Lea Cate, eds.
The Army Air Forces in World War II,
vol. 3. Chicago, 1951.

Davis, Richard G.
Carl A. Spaatz and the Air War in Europe.
Washington, D. C., 1993.

Deighton, Len.
Blood, Tears and Folly: An Objective Look at World War II
. London, 1993.

Frankland, Noble.
History at War
. London, 1998.

Freeman, Roger A.
The Mighty Eighth.
London, 1970, 2000. Garrett, Stephen A.
Ethics and Airpower in World War II. The British Bombing of German Cities
. New York, 1996.

Giovannitti, Len, and Fred Freed.
The Decision to Drop the Bomb
. London, 1967.

Harris, Sir Arthur.
Bomber Offensive
. London, 1947.

———.
Despatch on War Operations 23 February, 1942, to 8 May, 1945
. Ed. and with an introduction by Sebastian Cox. London, 1995.

Hastings, Max.
Bomber Command
. London, 1979, rev. ed. 1999.

Hogg, Ian V.
German Secret Weapons of the Second World War
. London/Mechanicsburg, 1999.

Howarth, Patrick.
Intelligence Chief Extraordinaire: The Life of the Ninth Duke of Portland
. London, 1986.

King, Cecil.
With Malice Towards None: A War Diary
. London, 1970.

Longmate, Norman.
Air Raid: The Bombing of Coventry
. London, 1976.

———.
The Bombers
. London, 1983.

Middlebrook, Martin.
The Battle of Hamburg: The Firestorm Raid.
London, 1980.

———.
The Berlin Raids: RAF Bomber Command Winter 1943–44
. London, 1988.

Middlebrook, Martin, and Chris Everitt.
The Bomber Command War Diaries: An Operational Reference Book
. Leicester, 2000.

Moran, Lord.
Winston Churchill: The Struggle for Survival 1940–1945
. London, 1966.

Neillands, Robin.
The Bomber War: Arthur Harris and the Allied Bomber Offensive 1939–1945
. London, 2001.

Overy, Richard.
Why the Allies Won
. London, 1995.

Probert, Henry.
Bomber Harris, His Life and Times.
London/Mechanicsburg, 2001.

Richards, Denis.
The Hardest Victory: Bomber Command in the Second World War
. London, 1994.

Rothnie, Niall.
The Baedeker Blitz: Hitler's Attack on Britain's Historic Cities
. Shepperton, 1992.

Saward, Dudley.
“Bomber” Harris
. London, 1984.

Tripp, Miles.
The Eighth Passenger: A Flight of Recollection and Discovery
. London, 1969, rev. ed. 1993.

Ward, John.
Beware of the Dog of War: An Operational Diary of 49th Squadron
. Belper, 1997.

Webster, Sir Charles, and Noble Frankland.
The Strategic Air Offensive against Germany 1939–1945
, vol. 3. London, 1961.

———.
The Strategic Air Offensive against Germany 1939–45
, vol. 4: Annexes and Appendices. London, 1961.

Whiting, Charles.
The Three-Star Blitz: The Baedeker Raids and the Start of Total War 1942–43
. London, 1987.

Note: Entries in this index, carried over verbatim from the print edition of this title, are unlikely to correspond to the pagination of any given e-book reader. However, entries in this index, and other terms, may be easily located by using the search feature of your e-book reader.

 

Aachen, 170, 374, 409

Abwehr, 312

Adam, Christoph, 239–40, 266–67, 268, 278, 301–2, 336, 424

“Address to Dresden Parents,” 144

Adolf-Hitler Platz, 263, 291

“A for Able” bomber, 274, 281–82

Afrika Korps, 88

“Against the Arch-Enemy of Europe,” 368

AG für Cartonnagenindustrie, 153

Air Intelligence, British, 406–7

air mines, 140, 256, 257, 274, 278–79, 298, 341

Air Ministry, British, 81, 173, 192, 212, 256, 284, 377, 389

“Air Raid Shelter the Best Protection,” 258

Air Staff, British, 97, 106, 109, 118, 172–73, 176, 177, 180, 181, 186–87, 206, 211, 404

Air Training Corps, British, 274

Albert, Prince, Elector of Saxony, 16, 58

Albertbrücke Bridge, 331

Albert Canal, 96

Alberthafen, 161

Albertinum, 34, 138, 165, 242, 245, 259, 261, 398

Albertstadt industrial area, 58–59, 152–53

Albrechtsburg, 21–23

alchemy, 21–23

Aldridge, John, 215, 219, 482
n

Alldeutscher Verband, 37, 65–66

Allied Expeditionary Air Force (AEAF), 173
Almenor,
64

Alsberg department store, 59

Alt-Coschütz, 146

Altenburg, 336

Alt-Lönnewitz, 201

Altmarkt, 62, 67, 100, 277, 294–95, 350–51, 354, 370, 391, 447

Altstadt, 13, 15, 36, 59–60, 153, 161, 202, 216, 254, 259, 260–61, 263, 264, 267, 268–71, 274, 277, 284–85, 286, 289, 291, 302–3, 305, 313–14, 325, 331, 332, 350, 356, 396, 397, 399, 423, 426, 430

Anglo-Saxons, 1, 2

anti-Semitism, 12, 37, 43, 46, 62, 65–75, 155, 156–57

antitank ditches, 226

Antonov, Alexei, 190–91

Antwerp, 169–70, 171, 403

Ardennes offensive, 163, 171–72, 177, 179, 199, 200, 275, 320, 375, 403, 455

Army Air Force, U. S. (USAAF), 143, 146, 172, 201, 282, 409–10, 431

Army Group Center, German, 382–83, 392

“Aryans,” 6, 68, 74, 155, 157, 158, 199–200, 233, 234

Ash Wednesday, 8, 322, 332, 333, 334, 339–40, 441

Associated Press (AP), 361–62

Association of German Students, 37

atomic bomb, xii, 281, 365–66, 389–90, 392, 394, 454–56

Attlee, Clement, 389

Augustus Bridge, 40, 248

Augustus III, Elector of Saxony, 25–29, 30, 62

Auschwitz concentration camp, 150, 151, 155, 157, 161, 162–63, 354

Ausstellung der Entarteten Kunst

(Exhibition of Degenerate Art), 53

Austro-Hungarian Empire, 27–28, 31–32

Autobahn,
56, 404

 

B-17 Flying Fortress bomber, 2, 7, 146, 188, 194–95, 203, 317, 319, 321–22, 324–26, 329, 338, 380, 429, 430

B-24 Liberator bomber, 2, 201, 203

Bach, Johann Sebastian, 25

Bad Schandau, 69, 473
n

“Baedeker Raids,” 127–28

Bähr, George, 24

Balda Camera, 359

Baldwin, Stanley, 92

Bannewitz, 314–15

Barcelona, 91

barometric pressure trigger, 257

Baroque architecture, 14, 20–21, 23–25, 269–70, 294, 397

Bastogne, 171

Bath bombing (1942), 127, 129

Battle of Britain, 99, 387

Battle of the Atlantic, 117, 387

Bauer, Adolf, 158, 233, 254, 260, 303

Baum, L. Frank, 399

Bautzen, 382

BBC, 126

Beer, Regina, 311

Beethoven, Ludwig van, 202

Beevor, Anthony, 385, 411

Belgium, 96, 320

Bellotto, Bernardo, 25

Belzec concentration camp, 162

Benzol, 125

Bergander, Götz, xii, 137, 164–65, 204, 230, 232, 253, 326–27, 332, 342–43, 355, 413, 417, 425, 434, 437, 439, 441, 442, 446–47, 448, 482
n

Bergen-Belsen concentration camp, 153

Berk, Hans Schwarz van, 184

Berlin:

British bombing of, 99, 100–101, 117, 135, 136, 141, 174, 186, 387

civilian casualties in, 194, 354, 401

destruction of, 134, 211, 227, 271, 366, 396

ground battle for, 204, 271, 392

Jewish population of, 62

as military target, 34, 190–91, 192, 198, 380

occupation of, 385, 389

proposed operation against (Operation Thunderclap), 180–82, 183, 185, 186–87, 319, 454

Soviet advance against, 382–83, 392

U. S. bombing of, 141, 188–89, 198, 203, 208, 211, 325, 354, 366

Berlin airlift, 391

Berlin Defense Zone, 380

Berlin Wall, 408

Bernsdorf & Co., 150, 306–8

Beuthen, 69–70

Beutler, Gustav Otto, 37

bicycles, 41, 149, 195

Biddle, Anthony Joseph Drexel, 77

“Big Bertha” howitzer, 81

Birke, Alfred, 259, 261, 473
n

Birkenau concentration camp, 155

Bismarck, Otto von, 377–78

Bismarckplatz, 164, 287

Black Death, 15, 62

Black Forest, 94, 374, 406

Blank, Margarete, 160

Blenheim bomber, 96–97, 98

Blind Illuminator crews, 277

Blitzkrieg, 94, 169

“blue books,” 407

“Blue Wonder,” 383–84

Blumtritt, Herbert, 450

Bohemia, 15–16, 59, 66, 160, 161, 326

Böhlen synthetic oil plant, 221, 223–24, 341, 360

Bomber Command, RAF:

bombing strategy of, 7, 96–98, 111, 172–78, 204, 206, 211–12, 361, 373–81, 390, 401–17

Churchill's memorandum on, 375–79, 408

Germany's defeat and, 376–78, 386–88

Harris as chief of, 122–30, 134, 137, 140, 144, 172–78, 183, 185, 191, 210–13, 256, 373, 377–78, 386–90, 402, 407, 413, 478
n

propaganda operations of, 93–94, 122

SHAEF and supervision of, 172–75, 213

“Bomber country,” 2

bombers:

British, 2, 3–4, 7, 58–59, 96–97, 111, 118, 137, 173, 178

collisions of, 3, 124, 247, 248, 326, 481
n

crews for, 82, 96–97, 109, 117, 123, 125, 177, 178, 209–10, 380, 387–88

dive-, 78, 118, 281

fleets of, 102, 106, 107, 128, 137, 143, 173, 177, 178, 404

four-engine, 116

French, 58–59

fuel for, 222

German, 80, 102, 106, 109

ground crews for, 209, 210, 388

gunners for, 274–75, 319

heavy, 109, 116, 118, 137, 178, 180, 185, 210, 380

light, 380

navigation of, 102–4, 123–24, 125, 128, 137, 143, 242, 321, 338–39, 402

production of, 78, 99, 111, 114, 127, 143, 178, 191

range of, 57–58, 137, 143, 413–14

Russian, 180

strategic use of, 98–99, 105–6, 118–19, 173, 182

tactical use of, 94, 97, 105–6, 113–19, 172–78, 402

takeoff of, 220–21

U. S., 178, 188

waves of, 126, 128, 188

see also specific types

“Bomber's Baedeker,” 216–19

Bomber War Against Germany, The
(Groehler), 406

bombing campaigns:

accuracy of, 57, 81, 89–90, 102–4, 113, 116–19, 123–24, 125, 143, 188–89, 195, 402

aircraft lost in, 80, 82, 96–99, 117, 126, 129, 481
n
–82
n

air defenses against, xiii, 4–5, 96, 117, 143, 174, 178, 194, 195, 199, 203–5, 221, 223, 230, 373, 374, 379–80, 413

airfields destroyed by, 86, 98–99, 119

air raid shelters against, 108, 129, 136–39, 146–47, 165–66, 193–94, 238–39, 258

area, 116, 118–19, 143, 172, 189, 205–6, 207, 216, 374–79, 402, 414

artistic treasures destroyed by, 409–11

“blind,” 125, 137, 143, 219

British, 81–82, 92–93, 109, 110, 111, 113–19, 143, 207–10, 401–17;
see also specific targets

Churchill's memorandum on, 375–79, 408

civilian casualties from, 76, 80–81, 84–85, 88–91, 97, 99, 106, 109–10, 114, 118–19, 121, 125–26, 127, 129, 133, 140, 172, 181, 182, 189, 197, 202, 205, 383–84, 401–2, 409, 411

concentrated, 201–2

continuous, 182, 187

creep-back in, 255–56

cultural centers targeted by, 127–28, 134, 147

daylight raids in, 5, 81, 96–97, 137, 207, 275, 402–3, 409–10

deep penetration, 213–14

destruction from, 81–82, 98–99, 255–57, 261–63, 272–73, 284–86, 314–15, 330–32, 354–57, 405–7, 409–11, 414–17

“double punch,” 126, 207, 337, 360, 406

effectiveness of, 96–98, 110, 112–19, 200–201, 401–17

enemy morale and, 82, 84, 87, 99, 119, 127–28, 134, 180, 182, 197–98

evasive techniques used in, 4, 131–32, 243, 275, 338, 381

failures of, 338–39, 373, 402, 416

fighter opposition to, 96, 131–32, 173, 174, 178, 205, 208, 221, 373

fighter support for, 89, 178, 208

firestorms started by, 115, 130–31, 189, 268–71

flak defenses against, 178, 194, 195, 199, 203–5, 221, 223, 230, 373, 374, 471
n
–72
n

French, 92

gas attacks in, 86

German, 80–81, 88–91, 92, 102–11;
see also specific targets

ground defenses against, 84, 86, 92, 96, 97, 117, 131–32, 174

industry targeted by, 84, 97, 98, 124, 125, 127, 129, 133, 137, 143, 148, 156–57, 175, 176–77, 180, 182, 188, 198, 218, 275, 373–79, 390, 402, 404, 413–16

intelligence used for, 174, 177, 178, 179–80, 182–83, 213–19

international law and, 87–88

by Japanese, 91

“knockout,” 180–82, 413

mass dislocations produced by, 187–88

as means of retaliation, 77–78, 99, 113, 117, 126, 127

military strategy of, 83–88, 92, 401–17

morality of, 79, 84–88, 97, 114, 373–81, 401–17

naval targets of, 117–18

night raids in, 81, 97–98, 118, 127, 135, 205, 222–23, 275

oil supplies attacked by, 171, 175, 176–77, 181, 185, 191, 194, 201, 203, 204–5, 208, 221, 373, 390, 402

pathfinders for, 102–4, 106, 137

photographic analysis of, 116–17, 195, 202

planning of, 89–91, 95–96, 140, 172–88

political considerations in, 134, 374–81

prealarms for, 5

precision, 57, 143, 172, 207, 208, 214–15, 245–50, 255–57, 318, 365, 402–3

press coverage of, 126, 127–28, 196, 197, 202–3, 388–89

public opinion on, 92–93, 100–101, 106, 110, 117, 388–89, 403

radar used in, 137, 143, 194, 219, 277, 318, 321–22, 325, 338, 402, 403, 409

refugees from, 133–34, 184, 187–88, 409

restricted targets for, 92, 96, 97

saturation, 132–34, 389

sector, 241–42

shuttle, 106, 212

“spillage” from, 196, 414

successive waves in, xx, 7, 126, 128, 188, 214, 220–24, 274–87, 316–22

target selection for, 172–92, 210–19

technical knowledge in, 83–84

“terror,” 197, 360–72, 375–79, 408, 420

of troop deployments, 184–85

of urban areas, 129–30, 133–34, 174–76, 187–89, 255–56, 318, 373–79, 401, 403–5, 413–17

U. S., 131, 137, 143, 146, 188–89, 194–95, 197, 198, 201–2, 208, 212–13, 380–81, 402–3;
see also specific targets

weather conditions for, 108, 109, 118, 125, 128, 134, 137, 140–41, 174, 175, 185, 187, 188, 207–8, 210, 212, 275, 338–39, 373, 402

in World War I, 79–82

Bombing Restrictions Committee, British, 368

“bomb line,” 190, 191, 212, 318–19

bombs:

aiming of, 57, 112–15

bouncing, 214

clusters of, 113

delayed-action, 328

delivery systems for, 102, 112–13, 137, 156, 256–57

development of, 112–15

explosive, 109, 112–15, 127, 132, 195

fuses for, 114, 156, 269

high-explosive (HE), 77, 113, 127, 140, 211

incendiary, 77, 96, 101, 102–9, 113–15, 125–26, 127, 128, 132–33, 136, 140, 141, 143, 189, 205–6, 211, 250, 374

“phosphorous,” 104, 113, 132, 250, 266, 329, 440

rockets compared with, 389

stray, 265, 325–26, 328

Tallboy, 214

unexploded, 298