Corporations Are Not People: Why They Have More Rights Than You Do and What You Can Do About It (39 page)

Roosevelt, Franklin,
14
,
72
,
76

Roosevelt, Theodore,
12
,
14
,
71
,
72
,
114
,
145
,
198
n34

Rubin, Robert,
123
,
124

Rubin
v.
Coors Brewing Company,
59
-60,
196
n8

Russia,
110

S

Safe Drinking Water Act,
15

Santa Clara County
v.
Southern Pacific Railroad Co.,
68
-69,
72
-73,
197
n21

Saudi Arabia,
97
,
130

schools, corporate advertising in,
34
-36,
48
-52

Scotland,
102

Scully, Thomas,
93

Second Bank of the United States,
15

Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC),
158
-159,
184

SEIU,
85
,
86

Senate Banking Committee,
124

Seventeenth Amendment,
152

shareholders

corporate accountability and,
154
,
158
-159

limited liability and,
62
-63

of multinational corporations,
130
-131

rights of,
77
,
159
,
171
,
174
-175,
177

Silby, Wayne,
110

Singapore,
130

Slow Money,
180

Social Security,
88

Social Venture Network,
180

South Korea,
59

Southeastern Legal Foundation,
24

Southern Pacific Railroad Company,
68
-69,
72
-73,
197
n21

Soviet Union,
114

Spain,
59
,
102

Standard Oil,
131
,
134

Stevens, John Paul,
11
-13,
17
,
57

Stonyfield Farm,
110

Story of Stuff Project,
189

student loans,
52
-57

subprime student loans,
52
-57

Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act,
15

Switzerland,
125
,
130

T

Target,
76

Tarplin, Downs & Young,
94

Tauzin, Billy,
93
,
94
,
124
,
162

taxes

concealed assets and,
125
,
140
,
206
n44

corporate subsidies and,
94
,
97
,
100
,
120
,
133
,
201
n28

environmental incentives on,
29
,
99

federal deficit and,
88
-89,
90

hedge fund managers and,
120
-122,
125

progressive income,
6
,
72
,
117
-119,
205
n21

Tea Party,
13
,
151

Tennessee, coal mining in,
103
-104,
106
,
203
n54

TET propane,
135

Texas, oil refinery explosion in,
100
,
135
,
136
,
140

Thomas, Clarence,
59
-60

Thoreau, Henry David,
37

Thornton, Mark,
124
-125

tobacco corporations

branding and,
33
-37,
49
,
193
n10

conspiracy campaign by,
19
-22

lobbying by,
19

Powell, Lewis and,
19
-22

state regulations and,
36
-37

youth market and,
21
,
34
-37,
38
-39,
49
,
193
n10

Tobacco Institute,
19

Tort Claims Act,
171

Toxic Substances Control Act,
15

Toynbee, Arnold,
189
n1

Transpartisan Alliance,
151

Transpartisan Center,
181

Travelers Group,
123

Truman, Harry,
162
,
171

Twentieth-Eight Amendment
see
People’s Rights Amendment

Twenty-Seventh Amendment,
152

U

UBS,
120
,
125
,
130
,
206
n44

Union Pacific Railroad Corporation,
131

unions, spending by,
83
-87,
174

United for the People,
179

United Mineworkers,
107

United Nations,
140

University of Arizona,
49

U.S. Chamber of Commerce

global dominance within,
130
,
151

judicial activism of,
24
,
26
,
46
-47,
73
-74,
103
,
104
,
159

National Litigation Center,
23
-24,
26
,
191
n17

Powell memorandum to,
17
,
18
,
19
,
22

spending by,
27
,
80
-83,
172

U.S. Constitution

amendment campaigns and,
147
-149

Article V,
66
,
151
,
152
,
167
-168

corporate personhood and,
138
,
139

Delaware and,
64
-67

early interpretations of,
71
-72,
75
,
117

Founders and,
5
,
12
,
14
,
69
,
70
,
128

meaning of,
5
,
12
,
14
,
69
,
70

progressive income tax and,
72
,
117

see also Citizens United; specific amendments

U.S. Court of Appeals,
21
,
32
,
35
,
45
,
107
,
159

U.S. Department of Education,
53
,
55

U.S. Department of Justice,
21
,
205

U.S. Department of the Treasury,
123
-124

V

Van Buren, Martin,
15

Verizon,
27

Vermont,
39
-45,
157

Vermont Department of Agriculture,
42

Vietnam War,
16

Virginia

coal mining in,
104
,
203
n54

corporate law in,
9
,
76
,
157
,
197
n13

virtue,
127
,
128
,
129
-132,
141
-142

Volvo,
132
,
140

W

Wachovia,
120

Wal-Mart,
79

Warburg Pincus,
53

Washington, George,
70
,
162

Washington Legal Foundation,
24
,
138
,
193
n14

Washington State,
36
,
100
,
136

Waterkeeper Alliance,
104

Weil, Sanford,
123

WellCare Health Plan,
132
,
140

West Virginia, coal mining in,
103
-108,
185
-188,
203
n54

Whitehouse, Sheldon,
142
-143

Wilderness Act,
15

Wilson, James,
70
,
76

Wilson, Woodrow,
72

Wisconsin, election funding in,
160

X

XE,
90

Y

Yemen,
97

Youngdahl, Jon,
86

younger adult smoker (YAS),
35
,
36

Jeff Clements is a founder and General Counsel of Free Speech for People. Jeff is also founder of Clements Law Office, LLC, and has represented and advocated for people, businesses and the public interest since 1988. In the United States Supreme Court case of
Citizens United
v.
Federal Election Commission,
Jeff represented several liberty and democracy advocacy organizations in filing an Amicus Brief arguing that people, not corporations, have Constitutional rights. In 2010, he helped launch the Free Speech for People campaign to overturn the
Citizens United
ruling that corporations have a Constitutional right to spend unlimited money in American elections.

Jeff has served as Assistant Attorney General and as Chief of the Public Protection & Advocacy Bureau in the Massachusetts Attorney General’s Office. As Bureau Chief, he led more than 100 attorneys and staff in law enforcement and litigation in the areas of civil rights, environmental protection, healthcare, insurance and financial services, antitrust and consumer protection. Jeff also served as an Assistant Attorney General in Massachusetts from 1996 to 2000, where he worked on litigation against the tobacco
industry and handled a wide range of other investigations and litigation to enforce unfair trade practice, consumer protection and antitrust laws.

In private practice, Mr. Clements has been a partner in the Boston law firms of Clements & Clements, LLP and Mintz Levin. He has represented clients in a variety of appeals and litigation, and in investigations and prosecutions by the U.S. Attorney’s Office and Maine Attorney General’s Office.