A Quiet Revolution (60 page)

299
–
301
; professional organizations

controlled,
126
,
141
,
155
; Qutb’s influ-

ence on,
103
–
6
; rationalism,
100
; reli-

gious ideology,
98
–
99
,
129
–
30
,
149
–

50
,
164
–
65
; Saudi support,
85
,
97
–
98
(
see also
Muslim World League); in schools,
126
,
141
–
42
,
145
–
47
,
170
,
299
;

social infrastructure,
69
,
312
(n
4
); and

social justice,
148
–
49
,
153
–
54
,
235
,
282
,

287
,
294
–
96
; social networks,
150
; and

socialism,
59
; success in Egypt,
155
; summer camps,
102
; traditional prac- tices looked down upon,
129
–
30
; un- derstanding of rise important,
12
; at universities,
76
–
77
; unveiled women alarmed by growth,
127
; U.S. reaction (
1960
s
),
69
; West seen as decadent/ declining,
154
,
319
(n
37
); Wickham’s study of mainstream movement,
147
–
55
; and women activists,
286
–
91
,
294
–

97
,
302
–
3
; women in leadership,
80
,

292
–
93
; women mobilized,
138
–
39
; and women’s clothing (
see
hijab; Islamic

dress); and women’s rights,
300
–
301
; women’s roles,
114
–
15
,
136
–
39
,
292
–
93
;

world-wide spread,
155
–
56
,
300

Ismail, Abdel Fattah,
73
,
112

Ismail, Khedive,
28

ISNA.
See
Islamic Society of North America

Israel,
54
–
55
,
56
,
65
–
66
,
77
–
78
,
103

Jackson, Jesse,
243
,
244

Jackson, Sherman,
174
,
240

Jacobs, Charles,
219

jahiliyya,
69
–
70
,
81

Jamaat al-Takfir wal-Hijra (Society of Re- pentance and Flight),
81
–
82
,
130

Jamaat-i Islami: about,
62
; and
jahiliyya,

70
; in the U.S.,
157
–
58
,
161
,
162
,
167
,
178
;

and the world-wide spread of Islam- ism,
98
,
155
–
56
,
161

Jews: Islamic representations of,
288
,
337
(n
52
); support for Muslim Ameri- can community,
200
,
202
–
3
,
243
–
44

jihad (
see also
Islamic Jihad; militant Islamist groups; terrorism): classical interpretation,
71
; Faraj on,
103
–
4
; Muslim Brotherhood’s interpretation,
54
; radical Islamist interpretation,
71
–
72
,
81
–
82
; in Soviet-occupied

Afghanistan,
142
,
177
–
80
,
323
(n
13
);

women and,
137

Jihad in America
(documentary; PBS),

184

Johnson, Chalmers,
180
–
81

Johnson, Lyndon B.,
158

Kabbani, Sheikh Hisham,
186
–
87
,
299
,
324
(n
33
)

Kahf, Mohja,
255
,
283
,
291
Kandahar
(film),
223
,
328
(n
63
) Kaptur, Marcy,
241
,
243
,
244
,
296

Karam, Azza,
9

Karamah (organization),
216
–
17
,
277
,
327
(n
46
)

Karim, Jamillah,
278

Kepel, Gilles: on Abdel Rahman,
323
(n
13
); on Afghan jihadis,
177
–
78
,
179
,
180
; on opposition to Nasser,
74
; on Saudi Arabia,
97
,
98
; on summer camps,
102
; on veiling,
131
,
132
–
34

Khalidi, Anbara,
41

Khan, Daisy,
276

Khataw,
207

al-Khidri, Abu Sa‘id,
54

khimar,
82
–
83
,
152

Khomeini, Ayatollah,
143

Khouri, Norma,
224
–
25

Killmer, Rev. Richard,
242
,
330
(n
17
) King, Martin Luther, Jr.,
238
,
275

Knight, Michael (Mike) Muhammad,
255
,
256

Koran.
See
Quran Kramer, Jane,
218
,
219

Kugle, Scott Siraj al-Haqq,
275

Kuwait (
see also
Persian Gulf War):
105
–
6
,
161
–
62

Lane, Edward W.,
27
–
28
Lewis, Bernard,
181
,
225
,
290
Lia, Brynjar,
54
,
311
(n
8
)

The Liberation of Woman
(Amin),
19
,
20
–
22
,
25
,
33
–
34

Living Islam Out Loud
(Abdul Ghafur, ed.),
279
–
84
,
286

Lockman, Zachary,
181
,
182
–
83

Luxor massacre,
4
–
5
,
144

Macleod, Arlene Elowe,
118
–
25
,
131

madrassas,
218

Mahfouz, Naguib,
4
,
142
,
147
Mahmood, Saba,
224
–
29
,
319
(n
39
) Malcolm X,
172
–
73
,
322
(n
46
)

Manji, Irshad,
14
,
196
,
225
–
26
,
288
,
289
–

91

The Many Faces of Political Islam

(Ayoob),
269

marriage: adultery,
95
; al-Ghazali on

women and,
114
–
15
; and hijab/Islamic dress,
85
,
122
–
23
; matrimonial services,
254
,
332
(n
35
); between Muslim and non-Muslim,
144
; polygamy,
20
,
24
,
33
,

285
; Quran on (verse
4
:
34
),
266
–
67
,

269
–
72

Matthews, Chris,
222
,
234

Mattson, Ingrid: conservativism,
291
; at ISNA conventions,
240
,
248
–
49
,
296
;

ISNA leadership role,
245
,
256
–
57
; on

ISNA’s diversity,
268
; life,
249
,
256
–
57
,
335
(n
12
)

Mawdudi, Maulana Abu’l ‘Ala,
62
,
70
,
99
,

161
,
174

al-Mazini, Nusaybah bint Ka‘b,
110

McEver, Meredith,
216
–
17

McGee, Bonita,
257
–
58
,
269
–
70
,
291
,
296
,
333
(n
45
)

Me and the Mosque
(film) (
see also

Nawas, Zarqa):
250
–
51

media, American,
171
,
175
,
213
–
14
,
223
–
24

milaya laff,
48

Milestones
(Qutb),
69
–
72
,
105

militant Islamist groups (
see also
Islamic extremism; jihad; terrorism):
1970
s
,
80
–
82
; Egyptian crackdown,
149
; ex- tremist activity in mosques,
144
–
45
,
318
–
19
(n
27
); as fraction of Islamic movement,
147
–
48
; Shaykh Omar and,
145
,
323
(n
13
); terrorism campaign (Egypt,
1990
s),
142
–
43

Miller, David Ian,
207

Mobilization of Muslim Women in Egypt
(Talhami) (
see also
Talhami, Ghada):
131
–
32

Mobilizing Islam
(Wickham) (
see also

Wickham, Carrie Rosefsky):
132
,
147
–

55

Modern Egypt
(Lord Cromer) (
see also

Cromer, Lord):
30
,
33
,
34

Mogahed, Dalia,
271

Mohammed, Warith Deen,
171
,
172
,
173
–

74
,
175
,
188
,
240
,
282

Moosa, Ebrahim,
275
,
277

Morgantown, WV, mosque (
see also
No- mani, Asra):
249
,
250
,
272
–
74
,
291

mosques, American: African American mosques,
171
–
72
,
173
,
321
(n
17
); anti- imperialist rhetoric,
5
–
6
; attendance,
169
,
297
; Bush visit to,
199
–
200
; early

mosques,
162
–
63
; extremism at,
180
,

186
; FBI investigations,
215
; Islamist

groups and,
162
,
165
,
166
,
168
,
186
,
287
;

post–
9
/
11
response,
201
–
4
,
214
; statis-

tics,
166
,
168
,
169
,
321
(n
27
); women

and,
6
,
163
,
201
–
2
,
248
,
249
–
51
,
272
–
74
,

289
,
331
(n
27
)

mosques, Middle Eastern: call to prayer,

117
; Egyptian government and,
59
,
102
,

126
,
149
; extremists’ use of,
144
–
45
; Is-

lamism and the spread of,
51
,
63
,
75
,
94
,

97
,
102
,
117
,
155
; social services offered,

102
; spread of,
102
,
117
; women’s atten-

dance,
121
,
151

Mottahedah, Roy,
182

MSA.
See
Muslim Student Association Mubarak, Hadia,
245
,
251
–
53
,
270
–
71
,

291
–
92
,
334
–
35
(n
12
)

Mueller, Robert S., III,
237

Muhammad (the Prophet),
86
,
194

Muhammad, Elijah,
172
,
173
,
282