Ways of Forgetting, Ways of Remembering (49 page)

Gulf War (1991),
122
,
300n29

gunboat diplomacy,
70

Hachiya Michihiko,
161–62
,
164–74

Hadashi no Gen
(Nakazawa Keiji),
157

Haider, Jorg,
118

Halsey, William,
45

Hara Mieko,
138

Hara Tamiki,
150

Harvard University,
8

Hasegawa Nyozekan,
274n6

Hatoyama Ichir
ō
,
139
,
203
,
207–8
,
287n3

Haushofer, Karl,
59

Hayashi Fusao,
16

Hearst newspapers,
30

Heiwa Mondai Danwakai.
See
Peace Problems Symposium

Hellfire: A Journey from Hiroshima
(film),
291n21

Hersey, John,
154–55

hibakusha
,
137
,
138
,
146–52
,
157
,
165
,
289n12
,
290n18
,
291n19

Higashikuni Naruhiko,
143

Higuchi Ichiy
ō
,
255
,
306n23

Hino Ashihei,
51–52

Hirohito, Emperor,
66
,
133
,
134
,
141
,
150
,
167
,
168
,
186
,
231
,
237
,
251
,
253
,
258
,
283–85nn14–16
,
288n9
,
305nn20–21

on blame for war with United States and Britain,
77

exoneration of,
123–26

Hiroshima
(John Hersey),
154–55
,
161
,
163

Hiroshima Association of Medical Sciences,
290n19

Hiroshima Diary
(Michihiko Hachiya),
161–75

as affirmation of life,
164–65

antimilitarism in,
168
,
169

1995 reissue of,
164

postsurrender life described in,
170–71

radiation sickness described in,
166

and response to surrender,
167–68

“scientific” approach in,
166–67
,
169

treatment of occupation forces in,
169–71

The Hiroshima Murals
(paintings of Maruki Iri and Maruki Toshi),
291n21

“Hiroshimas and Nagasakis,”
136–60
,
273n2
,
295n43

American attitude toward,
163–64

and anti-nuclear movement,
155–57

and atomic-bomb literature,
291
,
292n24
,
292n25

censorship of,
138–39
,
145
,
147–50
,
218
,
289n12
,
289n16
,
290n19

and end of World War II,
66

fatalities,
145–46
,
159
,
182
,
273n2
,
289–90n16
,
294n38

and “Good War” narrative,
137

and
hibakusha
,
137
,
138
,
146–52
,
157
,
165

iconography of,
151–53
,
165–66

and impact of Hersey's
Hiroshima
,
154–55

initial Japanese response to,
139–44

in Japanese literary and popular culture,
141–42
,
148–53
,
156–57
,
230–31

from Japanese perspective,
164–65

and Japanese war crimes,
139
,
144
,
159–60

and promotion of science in postwar period,
142–44

and U.S. decision to drop the bombs,
181–82

victims of,
106
,
118
,
119
,
144–48
,
157–59

and war memorials,
283n13
,
294n40

See also
Enola Gay
exhibit

“historical amnesia,”
179

history textbooks,
105

Hitler, Adolf,
31
,
37
,
116
,
118

H
ō
j
ō
ki
(thirteenth-century text),
153

Hollywood, war films,
31
,
37
,
98
,
101
,
276n20
,
276–77n21

Holocaust,
29
,
30
,
32
,
35
,
116
,
138
,
281n10
,
291n21
,
295n43

“holy war,”
65
,
72
,
107
,
110
,
113
,
119
,
130
,
142
,
230
,
237
,
244

Home Ministry,
78
,
267

Honda Katsuichi,
294n39

Hong Kong,
29
,
78
,
265

Hosokawa Morihiro,
278n3

House of Representatives (Japan),
109
,
204

Hungary,
213

Hussein, Saddam,
256
,
257
,
258

ianfu. See
“comfort women”

Ibuse Masuji,
149
,
157
,
163
,
173

Ichiban Utsukushiku
(film),
101–2
,
276n21

Ichioku isshin
(slogan),
228

Ienaga Sabur
ō
,
105
,
275n11

and “textbook case,”
105
,
285–86n20

Ikeda Hayato,
210
,
214

Imperial Army, Japanese,
168
,
192
,
193

imperialism,
67
,
68
,
73
,
108
,
116
,
257
,
264

Imperial Household Agency,
284–85n16

Imperial Navy, Japanese,
90–92
,
192

Imperial Way,
80

India,
78
,
196

Indochina,
29
,
121–22
,
132
,
133
,
265
.
See also
Vietnam

Indonesia,
29
,
36
,
78
,
128

Institute of Pacific Relations,
5

International Military Tribunal for the Far East,
114

An Investigation of Global Policy with the Yamato Race as Nucleus
(report),
58–60

Iraq, U.S. invasion and occupation of,
136
,
256–60

and comparisons to U.S. occupation of Japan,
261–69

and comparisons to Japanese invasion/occupation of Manchuria,
261–69

Iraq War,
178

iroha karuta
,
233–52
,
303n7
.
See also
cartoon panels from
iroha karuta
game

Islamic extremism,
257

“Iwanami culture,”
94

Iwo Jima,
57

“Japan, Inc.”,
128

“Japan as Number One,”
221

Japan Chamber of Commerce,
204

Japan Committee for Economic Development,
204

Japan Communist Party,
73
,
131
,
218
,
293n31

Japan Council Against Atomic

and Hydrogen Bombs,
218
,
293n31

Japanese, American racist stereotypes of,
29–37
,
33
,
34
,
38–40
,
40–47
,
61–63

Japanese propaganda,
65–104
,
108
,
110
,
112
,
264

and Asian perspective on origins of World War II,
66–76

and censorship,
75
,
78

in China,
276n18

on fabrics,
73
,
76
,
83
,
85
,
89
,
91
,
92
,
99
,
102–4

and fall of Nanking,
68
,
76
,
76

in film,
48
,
95
,
98–102
,
100

and Japanese as “liberators,”
78
,
79

and machinery of “second industrial revolution,”
88–92
,
89
,
91

and Manchuria/Manchukuo,
67
,
84–87
,
85
,
266

and Manchurian/China Incidents,
67
,
69–72

and modernity,
81–82
,
83
,
84
,
93–96

and mourning of war dead,
73
,
73–75
,
74
,
96–98

paintings,
74
,
90
,
97
,
102
,
103
,
277n22

and Pearl Harbor,
76–77
,
91–92
,
94

and popular culture,
93–96

posters,
79
,
81
,
100
,
276n18

racial attitudes in,
72
,
80

and Russo-Japanese War,
88

and Sino-Japanese War,
87–88

and Taish
ō
Democracy,
93–94

and “total war” planning,
84

and traditional Japanese values,
80

and vision for the future,
80–81

and Western powers/values,
77–78
,
80

woodblock prints,
86
,
87
,
87–88

Japanese Society for History Textbook Reform,
110
,
280n6

Japan Federation of Employers' Associations,
204

Japan Productivity Paper,
205

Japan's Emergence as a Modern State
(E.H. Norman),
1–2
,
4
,
7
,
15
,
22

Japan Socialist Party,
293n31

Japan's War Responsibility Data Center (Nihon no Sens
ō
Sekinin Shiry
ō
Sent
ā
),
286n23

Jiy
Å«
shugi Shikan Kenky
Å«
kai,
280n6

Kansai region,
233
,
234

Kanto earthquake,
82

Katayama Tetsu,
188
,
202
,
296n4

Kat
ō
Etsur
ō
,
141–42
,
248

Kawakami Hajime,
254

Kei
ō
University,
23

Kenmu Restoration,
229

Kennedy, John F.,
20

Kishi Nobusuke,
129
,
132
,
186
,
203
,
209–11

Kitagawa Rakuten,
95

Know Your Enemy—Japan
(film),
51

Kodansha (publisher),
94

Koga Harue,
97

Kokutai no Hongi
,
80

kokutai
,
13
,
109

Kondo Hidez
ō
,
95

Konoe Fumimaro,
20
,
68

Kono Ko o Nokoshite
(Nagai Takashi),
292n23

Korea and Koreans,
15
,
20
,
48
,
58
,
70
,
113
,
124
,
158–59
,
197
,
278n3
,
294n38
,
294n40
.
See also
North Korea
;
South Korea

Korean War,
120
,
126–27
,
136
,
155
,
178
,
194
,
195
,
200
,
205
,
215
,
288n12

K
ō
saka Masaaki,
254

Kuomintang,
128
,
193

Kurio no Kao
(E.H. Norman),
8

Kuroi Ame. See
Black Rain
(Masuji Ibuse)

Kurosawa Akira,
101
,
156
,
276n21

Kwantung Army,
15
,
265

kyodatsu
,
170
,
174

Ky
ō
ryoku shimbun
(periodical),
237
,
238–44
,
243
,
247

Kyoto,
229

Kyoto Imperial University,
81
,
274n7

Kyoto School (philosophy),
81
,
254
,
274n7

labor unrest,
210

The Last Emperor
(film),
265

Laurence, William,
145

LDP.
See
Liberal Democratic Party

League for Peace in Vietnam (Beheiren),
132

League of Nations,
67
,
72
,
84
,
265

Leatherneck
(magazine),
36
,
61–62

left-wing parties and movements,
1
,
2
,
8
,
17
,
78
,
94
,
96
,
110
,
123
,
125
,
127
,
144
,
155
,
159
,
190–91
,
194–95
,
198
,
202–4
,
209
,
211–16
,
218–20
.
See also
New Left