The Venetians: A New History: from Marco Polo to Casanova (58 page)

Manfredia,
68

Manin, Lodovico, Doge of Venice,
331–2
,
333

Mantua,
32
,
247
,
280
,
283
,
331

Manutius, Aldus,
181–2

Marano, fort of,
69

Marcello, Bartolomeo,
112
,
113
,
114

Maria Theresa, Empress,
312

Marietta of Patras,
146–7
,
150

Marino, Rizzo di,
148
,
149
,
150
,
153–4
,
156
,
157
,
158–61

Marseilles,
44

Martin V, Pope,
80
,
127

Martingale method,
325

Maruffo, Marco,
66
,
68

Maurus, St,
34
and n

Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor,
168
,
171
,
188

Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor,
202

Mazzola, Catenno,
318
,
319

Mecca,
250

Medici, Antonio de’,
228

Medici, Cosimo de’,
29

Medici, Grand Duke Cosimo I de’,
227

Medici, Grand Duke Cosimo II de’

tutored by Galileo,
269

as Grand Duke,
274

Medici, Cardinal Ferdinando de’ (later Grand Duke Ferdinando I),
228
,
229
,
230

Medici, Grand Duke Ferdinand II de’,
269

Medici, Filippo de’,
228

Medici, Francesco de’ (later Grand Duke Francesco I),
227
,
228
,
229
,
230

Medici, Giulio de’
see
Clement VII, Pope

Medici, Lorenzo de’,
139

Mediterranean,
31
,
35
,
44
,
52
,
56
,
64
,
154
,
174
,
199
,
200
,
213

eastern,
9
,
17
,
18
,
19
,
26
,
31
,
64
,
82
,
98
,
115
,
122
,
134
,
135
,
138
,
140
,
145
,
146
,
173
,
213
,
241
,
248
,
249
,
254

Mehmet II, Sultan,
97
,
98
,
99
,
101
,
104
,
106–7
,
108
,
109
and n,
112
,
113–14
,
122
,
123
,
135–6
,
137–8
,
139
,
144
,
177

Mehmet III, Sultan,
248
,
249

Mehmet IV Sultan,
253

Mengs, Anton Raphael,
309
,
310

Messianism,
239
,
240

Messina,
209

Mestre,
121

Metastasio, Pietro,
315
,
318
,
319

Mexico,
197

Michelangelo,
133
,
215
,
307

Milan

Genoa signs humiliating treaty with,
32

becomes major power in northern Italy,
32

peace treaty between Genoa and Venice signed under auspices of,
44

power vacuum in,
73

Filippo Maria Visconti comes to power in,
84

at war with Venice,
84
,
86–8
,
89–90
,
91–2
,
97
,
116
,
119
,
126
,
127
,
128–30

Carmagnola fights on behalf of,
84–5

Carmagnola fights against,
86–90
,
91
,
92
,
127

Ambrosian Republic,
130–1

Francesco Sforza becomes Duke of,
131

signs Peace of Lodi,
131

under control of Spain,
243

part of Austrian Empire,
312

Bonaparte marches into,
331

brief references,
33
,
37
,
121
,
132
,
192
,
193
,
194
,
196
,
283
,
330

Military Gate of San Romano, Constantinople,
101
and n,
102
,
108
,
110

Milky Way,
273

Milletos,
47–8

Minotto, Girolamo,
100
,
103
,
113

Mint, The (Zecca), Venice,
17
,
28

Mississippi Scheme,
304–5

Mistachiel, Philip,
142

Mocenigo, Captain-General Lazzaro,
253

Mocenigo, Captain-General Pietro (later, Doge of Venice),
146
,
147
,
148
,
149
,
150
,
153

Mocenigo, Tommaso,
81
,
82
,
83
,
84
,
115
,
116
,
119

Mocenigo, Zuan,
264
,
265
,
267

Modane,
113

Modena, Leon da (Judah Aryeh mi-Modena),
233–8
,
239
,
240
,
301

Histona de’ Riti Hebrma vita e oservanza
,
237–8

Modena, Marco da,
235–6

Modena, Rachel da,
235
,
236

Molo, Venice,
37
,
61
,
63
,
67
,
142
,
145
,
244
,
301

Monacis, Lorenzo de,
32
,
36

Mongol Empire,
7

Montaigne,
184

Montanelli, Indro,
288

Montesquieu,
299–300
,
306

Monte Vecchto
fund,
44–5

Monteverdi, Claudio,
279–80

L’ineoronazione di Poppea
,
280

L’Orfeo
,
279–80

Monza,
130

Moro, Christofero, Doge of Venice,
142

Morosom, Francesco,
254–5

Morosom, Michele,
69

Moses of Leon, rabbi,
240

Mount Athos,
297

Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus,
314
,
319
,
320
,
326

Così fan tutti
,
319

Don Giovanni
,
319
,
320
,
326

The Marriage of Figaro
,
319

Murad III, Sultan,
248

Murano,
2
,
17
,
62
,
74
,
160
,
323

music,
277–91
,
319
see also
opera; names of composers

Mussis, Gabnele de,
22–3

Mustafa Pasha, Lala,
201
,
202
,
203–4
,
205

Naples

forces occupy Rome,
76

kingdom in disarray,
126–7

and Peace of Lodi,
131

Turks invade Otranto,
138
,
139

and Cyprus,
144
,
149
,
150
,
151
,
153–4
,
159

peformance of Donizetti’s
Catenna Cornaro
in,
170

under control of Spain,
243

and Osuna’s plot,
245

agrees to join forces against the Turks,
251

brief references,
47
,
73
,
79
,
100
,
103
,
161
,
198
,
262
,
263
,
266

Napoleon Bonaparte,
321
,
330–1
,
332
,
333

Nathan of Gaza,
239

National Gallery, London,
137

Native Americans,
15

Nauplia,
120
,
254

Navarino,
251

Naxos, Duchy of,
114

Negropont,
19
,
24
,
104
,
112
,
113
,
135

Netherlands
see
Holland/Netherlands

New World,
33
,
197
,
241

New York,
320

Nice,
200

Nicholas V, Pope,
131

Nicosia,
148
,
201–2
,
202–3

Nigro, Marco,
40

Nile delta,
15
,
157

North Sea,
16
,
134
,
139

Norwich, John Julius,
1
,
244

nuns,
219–22

Nur Banu,
248

Odoric of Pordenone,
14

Oglio, River,
89

Oliphant, Margaret,
65

Oliviero (servant),
121

opera,
169–70
,
277–80
,
283–4
,
286
,
287
,
289
,
319
see also
names of composers and librettists

Orba prison, Venice,
95

Orban,
99
,
105

Orkneys,
33

Ospedale della Pietà, Venice,
281–2
,
283
,
285

Osuna, Duke of,
244
,
245
,
246

Otranto,
33
,
138
,
139

Bishop of,
138

Ottoman Empire

advance into Pelopponese,
53

continued expansion through Greece and Anatolia,
73

increasing threat to Venetian empire from,
82–3

Constantinople falls to,
97–113

Venice negotiates with,
113–14

gains control of Naxos, Tenedos and Argos,
114

Venice’s policy of appeasement towards,
135

rapid advance through Dalmatia,
135

treaty with Venice,
135

interest in cultural exchange,
135–6

Gentile Bellini at court of,
136–8

death of Mehmet II and accession of Bejazit II,
138

seizure of Otranto,
138
,
139

withdrawal of garrison from Otranto,
139

as threat to Cyprus,
145
,
155

Venetian maritime empire under threat from expansion of,
173

Selim I the Grim becomes ruler of,
175

military campaign in Syria, and conquest of Egypt,
175

Pius II bans Christian states from trading alum with,
175

attack on Corfu and Calabria,
198

Holy League formed against,
198–9

victory at Battle of Preveza,
199

further onslaughts of,
199–200

gains control of Cyprus,
200
,
201–5

defeated at Battle of Lepanto,
209–13

improved relations between Venice and,
247–8

Safiye’s influence in,
248–9

incident sparks war with Venice,
249–51

conflict (1645–
69
),
251–4

Venice signs treaty conceding all major requests of,
254

expansion into central Europe,
254

new Holy League formed against,
254

renewed conflict,
254–5

signs Peace of Karlowitz,
255

Venetian agents in ports of,
255–6
see also
Lupazzoli, Francesco

brief references,
122
,
176
,
241
,
245

Ovid,
225

Oxford,
51
,
77
,
263

Pacific,
174

Pacioli, Luca,
181
,
190–1

De divina proportione
,
181

Summa
,
190–1
,
194

Padua,
32
,
49
,
51
,
56
,
59
,
60
,
69
,
73
,
77
,
81
,
94
,
143
,
150
,
154
,
188
,
189
,
214
,
263
,
287
,
323

University,
53
,
187
,
188
,
193
,
239–40
,
260
,
261
,
262
,
264
,
269
,
270
,
271
,
272
,
323

Palazzo Capello, Venice,
230

Palazzo Corner, Venice,
141n
,
142
,
143

Palazzo di San Giorgio, Genoa, ll

Palazzo Loredan, Venice,
297

Palazzo San Moisè, Venice,
303
and n

Palestine,
12
,
15
,
15–16n

Panizza, Paola,
223

Papal States,
78
,
171

paper money,
18
,
304
,
305
,
306

Paphos,
147–8

Parenzo,
34
,
59

Paris,
51
,
237
,
263
,
290
,
291
,
306
,
320
,
329