The Steal (34 page)

p. 145
“According to . . .”:
Mowbray,
National Review
, September 30, 2002.

p. 145
“Ms. Ryder was not . . .”:
E-mail correspondence with Sandi Gibbons, press secretary for Los Angeles DA, June 2008.

p. 146
“Your Honor, may I approach . . .”:
The People of the State of California v. Winona Ryder
, vol. 2, 3.

p. 146
“I need . . .”:
Ibid., 12.

p. 146
“At one point she indicates . . .”:
Ibid., 19.

p. 147
“I, Winona Ryder, agree . .”:
Ibid., 21.

p. 147
“lift up”:
Ibid., 22.

p. 147
“My client’s right . . .”:
Ibid., 123.

p. 148
“She just appeared to be . . .”:
Ibid., vol. 3, 504.

p. 148
“Why would they need to . . .”:
Ibid., vol. 4, 798.

p. 149
“This is not a film performance . . .”:
Independent
(UK), March 13, 2002.

p. 149
“Felony Barbie”:
Slate,
November 13, 2002.

p. 149
“demure” attire:
Washington Post,
November 8, 2002.

p. 150
The full list of the items:
Exhibits listed in summary of
People of the State of California v. Winona Ryder
, obtained from the Superior Court of California, County of Los Angeles, 7, 8.

p. 150
“We’ve presented the truth . . .”:
Los Angeles Times
, November 5, 2002, 3.

p. 151
“controversial but not in a . . .”:
London Sun
, December 2, 2002.

p. 152
“Shoplifting is a serious crime”:
New York Times
, December 7, 2002, 12.

p. 152
“She will carry the scarlet . . .”:
BBC, December 6, 2002.

p. 153
“What’s offensive to me . . .”:
CNN.com
, December 10, 2002.

p. 153
“The State can’t point to . . .”:
Oral arguments for
Lockyer v. Andrade,
583 U.S. 63 2003, 13.

p. 154
“This still remains shoplifting . . .”:
Ewing v. California,
538 U.S. 11, 12.

p. 154
“You say the principal . . .”:
Ibid., 13.

p. 154
“She may be a double felon . . .”:
Los Angeles Times,
December 7, 2002, 3.

p. 155
“Do you think that . . .”:
Author interviews with theft addicts.

p. 157
“create public awareness . . .”:
NASP website; author interviews with Peter Berlin, May 16, 2006; July 26, 2006.

p. 159
“Are we calling it a disease?”:
The Oprah Winfrey Show,
“Living a Secret Life,” November 21, 2004. Also Oprah’s follow-up show, February 1, 2005.

p. 160
“I put out the olive branch . . .”:
Author interview with Terry Shulman, November 2005.

p. 160
“We don’t do theft . . .”:
Author interview with Christine Reilly, July 2, 2006.

p. 161
“an admitted . . .”:
National Association for Shoplifting Prevention v. Terrence Shulman
, U.S. CIV 10-360, filed November 2008, 5.

p. 161
“I am increasingly . . .”:
CASA newsletter, January 2009.

p. 161
“while I’m certain . . .”:
Ibid.

p. 161
“limit discussion”:
CASA newsletter, May 2009.

p. 161
“Likely, we will be filing ...”:
CASA newsletter, October 2009.

p. 162
“You choose a target . . .
Author interview with Eda Gorbis, August 2, 2007.

p. 162
“Consistent with the hypo-frontality of addictions ...”:
J. E., Grant, S. Correia, and T. Brennan-Krohn. “White matter integrity in kleptomania: a pilot study,”
Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging
147:233–237, Sept. 7, 2006.

p. 162
“there’s actually ...”:
Author interview with Jon Grant, November 2005.

p. 162
“altered state[s] . . .”:
Grant, “Dissociative Symptoms in Kleptomania,” 77.

p. 162
“slightly higher than . . .”:
Ibid., 81.

p. 163
“would report poor quality of life”:
Grant, “Quality of Life in Kleptomania and Pathological Gambling,” 34.

p. 163
“Stealing is an . . .”:
Author interview with Marcus Goldman, February 2006.

p. 164
“Psychopharmacology . . .”:
Author interviews with Eric Hollander, May and July 2008.

p. 164
“We believe . . .”:
Infinite Mind
, November 10, 2005.

p. 164
“From my experience ...”:
Author interview with Charlene Alderfer, April 10, 2006.

p. 165
“We can learn . . .”:
Author interview with Steve Grant, April 2006.

p. 165
“a set of stories . . .”:
Phillips,
The Beast in the Nursery: On Curiosity and Other Appetites,
6.

p. 165
“Psychoanalysis . . .”:
Phillips,
Houdini’s Box: The Art of Escape
, 30.

p. 166
“Patients . . .”:
Author interview with Adam Phillips, December 13, 2006.

p. 167
“A man who ...”:
Bollas,
The Shadow of the Object
, 167.

p. 171
“God is a loss prevention agent”:
Author interview with Jerry Biggs, January 2006.

p. 172
“My first time . . .”:
Author interview with LP agent number 1, February 2006.

p. 173
“In reality . . .”:
Author interview with Gregor Housdon, March 9, 2007.

p. 174
“a postmodern stage set”:
Quoted in Smith and Beaver,
The Architecture of Adrian Smith
, 22.

p. 175
“one retailer two blocks . . .”:
Author interview with Scott Barefoot, April 2006.

p. 175
six alleged shoplifters:
Statistics about murdered shoplifters,
Houston Press,
January 8, 2004;
Arkansas Democrat-Gazette
, October 21, 2005;
Missourian
, July 27, 2007. Numerous lawsuits such as
Dillard’s Department Store v. Hampton
534 U.S. 1131,
Robinson v. Dillard’s
, No. 95-61721 (Harris County, Texas, District Court).

p. 175
“psychotic”:
Quoted in
Houston Press
, op. cit.;
National Law Journal
, Monday, May 28–June 4, 2001. The details of this case make for grim reading.

p. 176
more than one hundred:
June 8, 2003, Associated Press. Also, “Courting Customers: Assessing Consumer Racial Profiling and Other Marketplace Discrimination,” A. M. Harris, G. R. Henderson, J. D. Williams (2005). “Courting Customers: Assessing Consumer Racial Profiling and Other Marketplace Discrimination.”
Journal of Public Policy and Marketing, Policy Watch: Commentaries and Viewpoints
24 (1): 163–171. In this academic paper, the authors analyzed 80 court cases between 1990 and 2002 and found 100 incidences of racial profiling. According to the
National Law Journal
article cited above, the number of false imprisonment suits from 1984 to 2001 is upward of 800.

p. 176
“There is a persistent . . .”:
Author interviews with Jerome Williams, March 14, 2007; July 15, 2010. It’s also important to note that, while Dillard’s says that it has subsequently provided its loss prevention associates with training in racial profiling, these deaths continue to happen.

p. 176
“Officers get . . .”:
Deposition of Byron Pierce, Dillard’s,
Paula Hampton v. Dillard’s,
1997, 30.

p. 176
“most extensive”:
Author interview with Robert McCrie, February 2, 2006.

p. 177
“not simply ones ...”:
Author interview with Brian Kreiswirth, New York assistant attorney general in the Civil Rights Bureau, June 15, 2007.

p. 177
more than twelve thousand:
New York Times
, June 17, 2003;
New York Times
, January 14, 2005.
New York State Office of the Attorney General Civil Rights Bureau New York City Office, Macy’s Security Monitor Report
, November 30, 2005, 3.

p. 177
“You shouldn’t be . . .”:
Brian Kreiswirth, op. cit. Some details about Macy’s practices and lawsuit were also reported in the national media including, notably, the
New York Times
, January 14, 2005, B3;
New York Times
, January 15, 2005, B3.

p. 177
thirty-two states:
This number was determined by using a table found on the International Association of Security and Investigative Regulators website and by calling state licensing bureaus.

p. 178
“Get off me”:
Detroit Free Press
, August 2, 2000, September 8, 2000. Associated Press, “6 million,” October 31, 2002.

p. 179
“This can happen ...”:
Houston Chronicle
, August 8, 2005;
Houston Chronicle
, August 8, 2005, 3;
Houston Chronicle
, November 5, 2005, 3;
Houston Chronicle
, November 16, 2005, 3.

p. 179
“Today, many of the . . .”:
Author interview with Senator Hansen Clarke, July 2008. Thanks to Al Cavasin for background. These events were covered by local media as well as national sources like CNN and the
New York Times
.

p. 180
“best practice”:
Author interviews with Joe LaRocca, February 2006, June 2006.

p. 180
“there will always be ...”:
LPInformation Convention Daily
, June 2005.

p. 181
“I see what . . .”:
LPinformation.com
.

p. 181
“Picking up a piece of . . .”:
Stores
magazine, May 2006, 24.

p. 182
“Signaling to others . . .”:
Author interview with Read Hayes, May 16, 2006.

p. 182
“If you walk into Neiman Marcus . . .”:
Author interview with Shaun Gabbidon, February 2006.

p. 182
Along with nineteen:
All quotes from Wicklander-Zulawski seminar, attended July 23, 2006.

p. 185
1 million:
There may be as many as 4 million cameras in the United Kingdom. These statistics are widely debated. However, one thing everyone agrees on is that the number of CCTV cameras in the United Kingdom is far greater than anywhere else in the world. The estimated number of video cameras in the United States is 6 million.

p. 185
shoplifting rose:
British Retail Consortium,
British Crime Survey 2009
.

p. 185
5.4 percent:
Global Retail Theft Barometer 2009,
table 1.3, 20.

p. 185
“To CCTV or Not to CCTV”:
Armitage, “A Review of Current Research into the Effectiveness of CCTV Systems.” Martin Gill and Ron Clarke have also expressed skepticism about CCTV as a shoplifting-prevention tool.

p. 186
“lead to a Wild West . . .”:
Author interview with Jay Stanley, April 2008.

p. 186
“Which is more . . .”:
Author interview with David Riccio, September 2008.

p. 187
“If you see a young lady . . .”:
Quote from Walmart training video, May 2006.

p. 187
“Senior citizens, they don’t . . .”:
Author interview with Gregor Housdon, March 9, 2007.

p. 188
According to the Department ...:
Quoted in Schor,
The Overspent American,
40.

p. 188
“You can tell . . .”:
Author interview with LP agent, April 2006.

p. 188
“A lotta academic . . .”:
Author interview with LP agent, April 2006.

p. 191
“everything I could ...”:
Author interviews with Patrick Sobalvarro, July 3, 2006; August 20, 2006.

p. 192
“like a velociraptor”:
Author interview with Rodney Brooks, January 2008.

p. 196
“This is not a morality play”:
Author interview with the head of the shoplifting program of the National Curriculum Training Institute, a for-profit concern based in the West, March 31, 2006.

p. 196
“going at it from the . . .”:
Author interviews with Lisa Paules, May 2006, February 2007.

p. 197
“dewy-eyed liberal”:
Samenow,
Inside the Criminal Mind
, xviii.

p. 197
“a person may . . .”:
Ibid., 11.

p. 197
“I am actively working . . .”:
E-mail exchange with Steve Houseworth, 2008.

p. 197
“If you have kleptomania . . .”:
Author interview with Steve Houseworth, April 2006.

p. 197
“People are taught ...”:
Ibid.

p. 198
“Don’t make it complex”:
Theft Talk website.