The Science of Yoga: The Risks and the Rewards (53 page)

Boston Symphony Orchestra,
101

Bow (
Dhanurasana
),
96
,
168
,
168
,
183

Boyd, Bob,
189

brain:

     blood flow to,
112
–16,
120

     hemispheric specialization,
203
–6

     left side,
203
,
204

     oxygen flow to,
178

     right side,
xxxi
,
203
–5,
207
–8,
219

brain injuries,
111
–16,
119
–21,
134

     and inversions,
119
,
126

     and the neck,
112
,
113
,
114
–16,
118
,
119

     and strokes,
see
strokes

brain mapping,
190
–91

brain scanning,
178
–79

brain studies:

     autonomic nervous system,
89
–90

     and creativity,
203
–8

     tracking GABA,
99
–100

breathing:

     and carbon dioxide,
21
,
22
,
28
,
85
–88

     control of,
83
,
89
–90

     deep,
28

     and euphoria,
21

     fast,
xxx
,
xxxi
,
6
,
28
,
86
–87,
94
,
129
–30,
175
,
179
–81

     and Hatha yoga,
52
–53

     Holotropic Breathwork,
201

     and lungs,
129
–30

     and metabolism,
22
,
50
,
90
,
158

     and moods,
83
–89

     
and oxygenation,
52
–53,
85
,
157
–59

     pranayama,
21
,
28
,
51

     rebreathing same air,
21

     and relaxation,
84
,
90

     research on,
87
,
178
,
180
–81

     rhythmic,
201

     Shining Skull Breath,
129
,
175
,
183

     slow,
87
–88,
89
,
90
,
130
,
158
–59

     Valsalva maneuver,
236
n

     and vital capacity,
50
–51

Breath of Fire,
86
,
88
,
129
,
175

Breath of Joy,
80
,
216

British Medical Journal,
114

Brosse, Thérèse,
xv
,
89

Brotto, Lori A.,
xv
,
180
–81

Buddhism,
185

cancer survivors,
219

carbon dioxide,
21
,
22
,
28
,
85
–88,
96

carbonic acid,
230
–31n

cardiac arrest,
92

cardiovascular fitness,
58
,
59
,
74

cardiovascular health,
40
,
170
,
219
,
220

carotid arteries,
92

central parietal lobes,
175

cerebellum,
114
,
118

Certified Yoga Therapists,
152
–53

chants,
88

Chaya, Mayasandra S.,
xv
,
96
,
98

Chest,
130

cholesterol,
40
,
44

Choudhury, Bikram,
xv
,
73
,
103

     and Bikram Yoga,
xv
,
3
,
47
–48,
50
,
99
,
124

     and hot yoga,
xv
,
3
,
47
–48,
88
,
99
,
123
–24

     and sex,
165

chronology,
xxv
–xxxi

Cicoria, Tony,
208
–9,
212

Circulation,
35

circus performers, injuries of,
103

Clay, Carolyn C.,
xvi
,
66
–68

Clinical and Experimental Neurology,
120

Clinton, Bill,
159

Cobra (
Bhujangasana
),
115

     and
Gheranda Samhita,
171
–72

     and injuries,
115
,
121
,
122
,
126

     and research studies,
xxx
,
96
,
167
,
171
–73,
183

     and testosterone,
xxx
,
168
,
172
–73

Cole, Roger,
133

Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons,
134
–35,
143

Columbia Journalism Review,
122
–23

Complete Idiot’s Guide to Yoga, The,
45
,
88
–89

Consumer Product Safety Commission,
121

Cooper, Kenneth H.,
xvi
,
53
–54,
64

Cope, Stephen,
101

Corby, James C.,
xvi
,
176
–77,
178
,
221

Corpse Pose (
Savasana
),
81

     and awareness,
205

     and relaxation,
60
,
71
,
81
,
96
,
183
,
199
,
205

     and research studies,
60
,
71
,
96
,
183

corpus callosum,
203

cortex,
179

cortisol,
172

creativity,
195
–214

     and artistic lifestyle,
206
–8

     and brain studies,
203
–8

     and emotion,
200
–201

     and GABA,
202

     and inspiration,
196
–200

     and kundalini,
195
–96,
208
–14

     and music,
198
–200,
204
,
208
–9

     
research into,
196
–97,
201
–2,
205
–8,
213–14

     and sex,
206
–7,
208

     and the unconscious,
197
–98,
201

cross training,
75
–76

cryptogenic injuries,
116

Dalai Lama,
42
,
219

Davis, Jeff,
200
,
202

Degler, Teri,
212

depression,
79
–80,
98
–100,
220

Desikachar, T. K. V.,
155
,
235
n

destiny,
165

Devi, Indra,
xvi
,
33
–34,
198
,
235
n

     
Forever Young, Forever Healthy
,
xxviii
,
34
,
103

     longevity of,
43

Dhanurasana
(Bow pose),
96
,
168
,
168
,
183

Dhikav, Vikas,
xvi
,
182
–83

Dickinson, Emily,
200

Dixon, Jana,
Biology of Kundalini,
210

DNA,
43

Dostálek, Ctibor,
xvi
,
173
–75,
178
,
183
,
191

Downward Facing Dog (
Adho Mukha Svanasana
),
108
,
108
,
206

Duke University Medical Center,
55
–57,
64
,
67
,
73
,
75

Eco, Umberto,
159

Ecstasy of Saint Teresa
(Bernini),
185

Edison, Thomas,
61

electromyograph,
141
,
143

Eliade (historian of religion),
186

emotions,
78
–79

     and brain studies,
89
–90

     and relaxation,
95
,
102

     releasing,
200
–201

energy flow,
90

epilepsy,
203

eroticism,
see
sex

Esalen Institute,
187
–88

euphoria,
18
,
21
,
185

exercise:

     aerobic,
49
–50,
53
–56

     and fitness,
50
–57;
see also
fitness

     health benefits of,
54
–55

     and moods,
100

     and oxygen consumption,
53

     research on,
54
,
59
–64,
66
–68,
100

     walking,
100

     X-Rated,
131

     and yoga,
5
–6,
49
,
54
,
55
–57,
60
,
63
,
64
–65,
67
,
68

Extended Hand to Big Toe (
Utthita Padangusthasana
),
124
,
125

Extended Side Angle (
Utthita Parsvakonasana
),
30
,
31
,
126
,
131

eye impulses,
114

eye pressure,
132

fainting,
86
,
87
,
88
,
92

Fantasia
(film),
198

Feuerstein, Georg,
xvi
,
45
,
151
,
156
–57

fibrinogen,
40

Fiery Muse
(Degler),
212

fight-or-flight response,
90
,
91
,
167

FIND (Friends in New Directions),
211

Fishman, Loren,
xvi
,
137
–50,
153
,
216

     and headstands,
141
–42

     and injuries,
143

     and Iyengar,
137
,
139
,
140
,
141

     
Relief Is in the Stretch,
139

     and therapist credentials,
150
,
160
–61

     
Yoga for Arthritis,
143

     yoga session with,
144
–48

fitness,
47
–76

     and action-reaction cycle,
65
–66

     aerobic exercise,
49
–50

     and breathing,
50
–51

     cardiovascular,
58
,
59
,
74

     cross training,
75
–76

     and outlook,
57

     and oxygen consumption,
53

     research on,
48
–57,
63
–64,
66
–68,
72
–73

     and vital capacity,
50
–51

     YogaFit,
50
,
64
–65

floating state,
84

Flow,
xxiii

Fonda, Jane,
97

Fong, Jason K. Y.,
xvi
,
120

Forever Young, Forever Healthy
(Devi),
xxviii
,
34
,
103

Francina, Suza,
Yoga and the Wisdom of Menopause,
150

Freud, Sigmund,
196
,
207
,
208

Friends in New Directions (FIND),
211

Frog,
61
,
63
,
241
n

frontal lobe,
206

Full Lotus,
133
,
167

functional MRI,
190
–91

GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid),
99
–100,
202

Gandhi, Mohandas K. “Mahatma,”
25
,
29
,
93
,
98

Garbo, Greta,
33
,
198
,
199

Gates, Bill,
159

gestalt,
204

Gheranda Samhita,
xxvi
,
171
–72,
173
,
175

Gilbert, Elizabeth,
189

Gitananda, Swami,
103

Gokhale, V. B.,
31

Gorakhnath, and Hatha yoga,
xxv

Gore, Makrand M.,
xvi
,
37
,
45

Green, Alyce,
201
–2,
203
,
205

Green, Elmer,
xvi
,
201
–2,
203
,
205

Gune, Jagannath G.,
xvii
,
24
–30,
45

     aging,
35
–36

     
Asanas
,
xxvii
,
103