The Last Full Measure (62 page)

123.
Quoted in Ellis,
On the Front Lines
, 86.

124.
Merridale,
Ivan’s War
, 181.

125.
Koschorrek,
Blood Red Snow
, 92–94.

126.
Trevor Dupuy,
Attrition: Forecasting Battle Casualties and Equipment
Losses in Modern War
(Falls Church, VA: Nova, 1995), 80; and Gordon L. Rothman,
World War II Infantry Anti-Tank Tactics
(London: Osprey, 2005), 15.

127.
John Weeks,
Men Against Tanks: A History of Anti-Tank Warfare
(New York: Mason/Charter, 1975), 23.

128.
Quoted in Samuel Hynes,
The Soldiers’ Tale: Bearing Witness to a Modern War
(New York: Allen Lane/Penguin Press, 1997), 141–42.

129.
Quoted in Aldrich,
Witness to War
, 491.

130.
Quoted in George Forty,
Tank Warfare in the Second World War: An Oral History
(London: Constable and Robinson, 1998), 76–77.

131.
Quoted in Kenneth Macksey,
Tank Warfare: A History of Tanks in Battle
(New York: Stein and Day, 1972), 153.

132.
Jock Watt,
A Tankie’s Travels
(Bognor Regis: Woodfield, 2006), 73.

133.
Bowman,
Remembering D-Day
, 76–77.

134.
Robert C. Dick,
Cutthroats: The Adventures of a Sherman Tank Driver in the Pacific
(New York: Ballantine/Presidio, 2006), 93–94.

135.
Blunt,
Foot Soldier
, 134.

136.
Quoted in Stephen G. Fritz,
Frontsoldaten: The German Soldier in World War II
(Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 1995), 41.

137.
Merridale,
Ivan’s War
, 215.

138.
Ibid., 216.

139.
Quoted in Lewin,
War on Land
, 61.

140.
Quoted in Ellis,
On the Front Lines
, 154.

141.
Quoted in Forty,
Tank Warfare
, 197.

142.
Quoted in Vasily Grossman,
A Writer at War: A Soviet Journalist with the Red Army, 1941–1945
, trans. and eds. Antony Beevor and Luba Vinogradova (New York: Pantheon, 2005), 140.

143.
Woodruff,
Vessel
, 95.

144.
Koschorrek,
Blood Red Snow
, 172–73.

145.
Leckie,
Helmet
, 307–8.

146.
Burgett,
Seven Roads
, 14–15.

147.
Gantter,
Roll Me Over
, 106.

148.
Quoted in McManus,
Deadly Brotherhood
, 118.

149.
Quoted in Bergerud,
Touched with Fire
, 362.

150.
Leckie,
Helmet
, 232–33.

151.
Quoted in Ellis,
On the Front Lines
, 56.

152.
Quoted in McManus,
Deadly Brotherhood
, 105.

153.
Quoted in Bergerud,
Touched with Fire
, 361.

154.
Gantter,
Roll Me Over
, 176.

155.
Albert E. Cowdrey,
Fighting for Life: American Military Medicine in World War II
(New York: Free Press, 1994), 252.

156.
Quoted in McManus,
Deadly Brotherhood
, 136.

157.
Litwak,
Medic
, 36.

158.
Quoted in McManus,
Deadly Brotherhood
, 135.

159.
Webster,
Parachute Infantry
, 56.

160.
Quoted in McManus,
Deadly Brotherhood
, 41.

161.
Manchester,
Goodbye
, 376–77.

162.
Fussell,
Doing Battle
, 126.

163.
Quoted in McManus,
Deadly Brotherhood
, 120.

164.
Ellis,
On the Front Lines
, 13.

165.
Ibid., 305.

166.
Quoted in ibid., 304.

167.
Webster,
Parachute Infantry
, 210.

168.
Quoted in Kennett,
G.I.
, 134.

169.
Litwak,
Medic
, 74.

170.
Bowlby,
Recollections
, 64.

171.
Burgett,
Seven Roads
, 240.

172.
Webster,
Parachute Infantry
, 364–66.

173.
Robert “Doc Joe” Franklin,
Medic!: How I Fought World War II with Morphine, Sulfa, and Iodine Swabs
(Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2006), 24.

174.
Siegfried Knappe with Ted Brusaw,
Soldat: Reflections of a German Soldier, 1936–1949
(New York: Dell, 1992), 225.

175.
Quoted in Aldrich,
Witness to War
, 626–29.

176.
Fussell,
Doing Battle
, 136.

177.
Gantter,
Roll Me Over
, 322.

178.
Merridale,
Ivan’s War
, 193.

179.
Louis Simpson, “The Runner,” from
A Dream of Governors
(1959), in
Selected Poems
(London: Oxford University Press, 1966), 60.

180.
Quoted in Aldrich,
Witness
, 474.

181.
Gantter,
Roll Me Over
, 158.

182.
Quoted in Bergerud,
Touched with Fire
, 380.

183.
Gantter,
Roll Me Over
, 97–98.

184.
Kennett,
G.I.
, 176; and Cowdrey,
Fighting for Life
, 83.

185.
Ellis,
On the Front Lines
, 96.

186.
Fussell,
Doing Battle
, 137.

187.
Leckie,
Helmet
, 63.

188.
Fraser,
Quartered Safe
, 151–52.

189.
Woodruff,
Vessel
, 104–6.

190.
Fussell,
Doing Battle
, 138.

191.
Quoted in Ellis,
On the Front Lines
, 221.

192.
Quoted in McManus,
Deadly Brotherhood
, 249.

193.
Both quotes in Ellis,
On the Front Lines
, 98.

194.
Quoted in ibid., 208.

195.
Quoted in Grossman,
Writer at War
, 96.

196.
Gantter,
Roll Me Over
, 38.

197.
Leckie,
Helmet
, 104–5.

198.
Quoted in Lewin,
Voices from the War
, 320–21.

199.
Burgett,
Seven Roads
, 19.

200.
Quoted in McManus,
Deadly Brotherhood
, 282–83.

201.
Bowlby,
Recollections
, 196.

202.
Quoted in McManus,
Deadly Brotherhood
, 152.

203.
Quoted in ibid., 154.

204.
Quoted in ibid., 282.

205.
Burgett,
Currahee!
, 149.

206.
Manchester,
Goodbye
, 246.

207.
Fraser,
Quartered Safe
, 192.

208.
Quoted in McManus,
Deadly Brotherhood
, 237.

209.
Quoted in ibid., 109.

210.
Quoted in ibid.

211.
Fraser,
Quartered Safe
, 118.

212.
Gantter,
Roll Me Over
, 172–73.

213.
Manchester,
Goodbye
, 5–7.

214.
Quoted in Lewin,
War on Land
, 116–17.

  
1.
Jonathan Shay,
Achilles in Vietnam: Combat Trauma and the Undoing of Character
(New York: Scribner, 1994), 138.

  
2.
Christian G. Appy,
Vietnam: The Definitive Oral History Told from All Sides
(London: Ebury, 2003), 163.

  
3.
Andrew Wiest and M. K. Barbier,
Infantry Warfare: The Theory and Practice of Infantry Combat in the 20th Century
(Minneapolis: MBI, 2002), 154.

  
4.
US Department of Defense figures. Interestingly, no number is posted for Iraqi casualties. Given the enormous disparity of casualties, the DoD merely states, perhaps a little coyly, that “42 divisions were made combat ineffective.”

  
5.
According to Norwich University Master of Arts in Military History website,
http://www.u-s-history.com
.

  
6.
Quoted in James R. Ebert,
A Life in a Year: The American Infantryman in Vietnam
(New York: Ballantine, 1993), 363.

  
7.
David Bellavia,
House to House
(New York: Pocket Star, 2007), 20.

  
8.
Doug Beattie,
An Ordinary Soldier
(New York: Simon & Schuster, 2008), 77.

  
9.
Quoted in Eric M. Bergerud,
Red Thunder, Tropic Lightning: The World of a Combat Division in Vietnam
(New York: Penguin, 1993), 30.

10.
Appy,
Vietnam
, 446–48. Two marines were sentenced to five years (later reduced); one of them later committed suicide.

11.
Michael R. Gordon and General Bernard E. Trainor,
Cobra II: The Inside Story of the Invasion and Occupation of Iraq
(New York: Pantheon, 2006), 259.

12.
Quoted in ibid., 222.

13.
Quoted in ibid., 223.

14.
Quoted in
The New Yorker
, June 12, 2006, 124.

15.
Donovan Campbell,
Joker One: A Marine Platoon’s Story of Courage, Leadership, and Brotherhood
(New York: Random House, 2009), 70.

16.
Quoted in Edward F. Murphy,
Semper Fi Vietnam: From Da Nang to the DMZ: Marine Corps Campaigns, 1965–1975
(New York: Presidio,1997), 6.

17.
Quoted in Bergerud,
Red Thunder
, 95.

18.
Quoted in Col. David H. Hackworth,
Steel My Soldiers’ Hearts
(New York: Simon & Schuster, 2002), 61.

19.
Ibid., 20.

20.
Ebert,
Life in a Year
, 324.

21.
Beattie,
Ordinary Soldier
, 150.

22.
Ibid., 152.

23.
Quoted in Appy,
Vietnam
, 17.

24.
S. L. A. Marshall,
Vietnam: Three Battles
(Cambridge, MA: Da Capo, 1982), 3. First published as
Fields of Bamboo: Three Battles Just Beyond the China Seas
(New York: Dial, 1971). Captain Beattie in his account of his service in Helmand Province, Afghanistan, recounts how he called in a B-1 strike to kill one insurgent: “I thought about what I was about to do. Use 500 lbs of high explosive to destroy a small hut and in doing so finish off one man. What had happened to my compassion? … Was I any better than the Luftwaffe pilot who strafes the helpless British aviator floating to the ground by parachute after being shot down?” In Beattie,
Ordinary Soldier
, 188.

25.
Quoted in Andrew Carroll, ed.,
War Letters: Extraordinary Correspondence from American Wars
(New York: Scribner, 2001), 432.

26.
Ebert,
Life in a Year
, 156.

27.
Quoted in Mark Baker, ed.,
Nam: The Vietnam War in the Words of the Soldiers Who Fought There
(New York: Berkley, 1983), 214.

28.
Appy,
Vietnam
, 254.

29.
Karl Marlantes,
Matterhorn
(New York: El León Literary Arts/Atlantic Monthly Press, 2010), 46.

30.
Hackworth,
Steel My Soldiers’ Hearts
, 60.

31.
Quoted in Bergerud,
Red Thunder
, 143–44.

32.
Joel Turnipseed,
Baghdad Express: A Gulf War Memoir
(New York: Penguin, 2003), 144–46.

33.
Quoted in Henry Steele Commager and Richard B. Morris,
The Spirit of ’Seventy-Six: The Story of the American Revolution as Told by Its Participants
(New York: Harper and Row, 1958), 1225.

34.
Beattie,
Ordinary Soldier
, 194.

35.
Tobias Wolff,
In Pharaoh’s Army: Memoirs of the Lost War
(New York: Vintage, 1994), 7.

36.
US National Archives & Records Administration,
http://www.archives.gov/research/vietnam-war/casualty-statistics
.

37.
Ebert,
Life in a Year
, 235.

38.
Operation Enduring Freedom,
http://icasualties.org/oef/
.

39.
Lester W. Gran, William A. Jorgenson, and Robert R. Love, “Guerrilla Warfare and Land Mine Casualties Remain Inseparable,”
U.S. Army Medical Department Journal
, October–December 1998: 10–16.

40.
Captain Francis J. West Jr.,
Small Unit Action in Vietnam: Summer 1966
(New York: Arno, 1967), 1.

41.
Ibid., 3.

42.
Ronald J. Glasser,
365 Days
(New York: Braziller, 1971), 19–20.

43.
Baker,
Nam
, 96–98.

44.
Quoted in Ebert,
Life in a Year
, 242.

45.
Quoted in Bergerud,
Red Thunder
, 198–99.

46.
Ibid., 241.

47.
Wolff,
Pharaoh’s Army
, 4.

48.
Quoted in Ebert,
Life in a Year
, 246–47.

49.
Hackworth,
Steel My Soldiers’ Hearts
, 17.

50.
Quoted in Ebert,
Life in a Year
, 177.

51.
Quoted in Luke Mogelson, “A Beast in the Heart,”
New York Times Magazine
, May 1, 2011, 37.

52.
Quoted in Shay,
Achilles in Vietnam
, 138–39.

53.
Quoted in Bergerud,
Red Thunder
, 118–19.

54.
Campbell,
Joker
, 107.

55.
Sean Michael Flynn,
The Fighting 69th: One Remarkable National Guard Unit’s Journey from Ground Zero to Baghdad
(New York: Viking, 2007), 232.

56.
Quoted in Bergerud,
Red Thunder
, 125.

57.
Quoted in Appy,
Vietnam
, 245.

58.
Quoted in Carroll,
Letters
, 388.

59.
Quoted in Baker,
Nam
, 279.

60.
Bellavia,
House to House
, 153.

61.
Quoted in Baker,
Nam
, 135.

62.
Quoted in ibid., 184.

63.
Bellavia,
House to House
, 17–18.

64.
Ibid., 262–68.

65.
Hackworth,
Steel My Soldiers’ Hearts
, 132.

66.
Quoted in Baker,
Nam
, 59.

67.
Quoted in Bergerud,
Red Thunder
, 211.

68.
Quoted in Appy,
Vietnam
, 136.

69.
Quoted in Carroll,
Letters
, 441–42.