The Greater Journey: Americans in Paris (99 page)

304
“France is dead!”:
Ibid.

304
“Paris is trembling”:
Ibid.

304
Olin Warner spoke for nearly:
Olin Warner to his parents, June 6, 1871, Archives of American Art.

304
“We are all furious”:
Jacobi,
Life and Letters of Mary Putnam Jacobi
, 274.

304
“quite Parisian”:
Elihu Washburne to General Read, February 25, 1871, Library of Congress.

304
“Oh, I was only a post-office”:
Horne,
The Fall of Paris
, 171.

305
The conduct of Mr. Washburne: New York Tribune
, undated news article, Elihu Washburne scrapbooks, Library of Congress.

305
“No Minister”:
Secretary of State Hamilton Fish to Elihu Washburne, February 20, 1871, Library of Congress.

305
The German army marched: Galignani’s Messenger
, March 10, 15, 1871.

305
The first of the conquerors:
Ibid.

306
At first the troops:
Washburne,
Recollections of a Minister to France, 1869–1877
, Vol. II, 11.

306
The gas was not yet lighted:
Ibid., 13.

306
“At 3 o’clock in the afternoon”:
Ibid., 19.

306
Gaslights burned once more:
See
Galignani’s Messenger
, March 5, 7, 1871.

307
In a surprise move:
Ibid., March 10, 1871.

307
In an improvised mock trial:
Horne,
The Fall of Paris
, 272.

307
The Commune, as often mistakenly assumed:
Ibid., 291.

308
“culmination of every horror”:
Elihu Washburne to Secretary of State Hamilton Fish, March 19, 1871, Library of Congress.

308
With the official government now at Versailles:
Elihu Washburne to Peter [illegible], March 23, 1871, Library of Congress.

308
He was gravely worried:
Elihu Washburne to his brother, March 21, 1871, Library of Congress.

308
“no law, no protection”:
Elihu Washburne to Benjamin Shaw, March 30, 1871, Library of Congress.

308
On March 28, with great to-do:
Elihu Washburne to Secretary of State Hamilton Fish, March 30, 1871, Washburne,
Franco-German War and the Insurrection of the Commune, Correspondence of E. B. Washburne
, 171–72; Horne,
The Fall of Paris
, 288.

309
At the same time:
Elihu Washburne to Secretary of State Hamilton Fish, March 30, 1871, Washburne,
Franco-German War and the Insurrection of the Commune, Correspondence of E. B. Washburne
, 173.

309
Such a system of “denunciation”:
Ibid.

309
His private secretary:
Ibid.

309
“He is mistaken”:
Elihu Washburne Diary, March 28, 1871, Library of Congress.

309
“The Commune is looming”:
Ibid., March 31, 1871.

310
The morning of that same day:
Horne,
The Fall of Paris
, 334–35.

310
“a horrid place”:
Elihu Washburne Diary, April 23, 1871, Library of Congress.

310
“What mysteries”:
Ibid.

310
“I want sexual promiscuity”:
Horne,
The Fall of Paris
, 334.

310
Lillie Moulton described him:
Ibid., 335.

310
“hideous” figures in history:
Washburne,
Recollections of a Minister to France
,
1869–1877
, Vol. II, 192.

310
Lillie was admitted to Rigault’s office:
Horne,
The Fall of Paris
, 335.

311
“No Elsa ever welcomed”:
De Hegermann-Lindencrone,
In the Courts of Memory, 1858–1875
, 222.

311
On April 4, the Commune formally impeached: Galignani’s Messenger
, April 7, 1871.

312
At first M. Darboy:
Ibid.

312
“Big firing this morning”:
Elihu Washburne Diary, April 10, 1871, Library of Congress.

312
The firing is going on all the time:
Ibid., April 17, 1871, Library of Congress.

312
All is one great shipwreck:
Ibid., April 19, 1871, Library of Congress.

313
When the pope’s nuncio:
Elihu Washburne Diary, April 23, 1871, Library of Congress.

313
On the morning of Sunday, April 23:
Ibid.

313
“So we all started off”:
Ibid.

314
With his slender:
Washburne,
Recollections of a Minister to France, 1869–1877
, Vol. II, 169.

314
He seemed to appreciate his critical situation:
Elihu Washburne to Secretary of State Hamilton Fish, April 23, 1871, Washburne,
Franco-German War and the Insurrection of the Commune, Correspondence of E. B. Washburne
, 188.

314
He was confined:
Elihu Washburne Diary, April 23, 1871, Library of Congress.

314
When Washburne offered him any assistance:
Ibid.

315
Two days later he was back:
Ibid., April 25, 1871, Library of Congress.

315
“It is a little French village”:
Elihu Washburne to [unknown] in Galena, Illinois, May 4, 1871, Library of Congress.

315
“I have been so run down”:
Ibid.

315
Back in Paris an incident:
De Hegermann-Lindencrone,
In the Courts of Memory, 1858–1875
, 235.

316
Mr. Moulton took the paper:
Ibid., 236.

316
The Commune issued a decree:
See Horne,
The Fall of Paris
, 349–51.

316
Hundreds of laborers:
Ibid., 350.

317
The engineers had cut through:
Ibid.

317
“I did not see it fall”:
Elihu Washburne Diary, May 16, 1871, Library of Con- gress.

317
Writing in his diary the next day:
Becker, ed.,
Paris Under Siege, 1870–1871: From the Goncourt Journal
, 292.

318
“Today they threaten to destroy”:
Elihu Washburne Diary, May 19, 1871, Library of Congress.

318
“a very delicate piece of business”:
Washburne,
Recollections of a Minister to France, 1869–1877
, Vol. II, 175.

318
On another visit to the Mazas Prison:
Elihu Washburne Diary, May 19, 1871, Library of Congress.

318
“everything in a vastly different state”:
Ibid., May 28, 1871.

319
“He had lost his cheerfulness”:
Elihu Washburne to Dr. Henry James Anderson, January 31, 1873, Library of Congress.

319
He and Gratiot both dressed at once:
Elihu Washburne Diary, May 22, 1871, Library of Congress.

320
“Everyone passing was forced”: Galignani’s Messenger
, June 1, 1871.

320
“thick and fast”:
Elihu Washburne to an unknown friend in Galena, Illinois, May 4, 1871, Library of Congress.

320
“5:45
P.M
.
Have just taken a long ride”:
Elihu Washburne Diary, May 22, 1871, Library of Congress.

320
Washburne, for his part:
Ibid., May 23, 1871.

321
“He
[
MacMahon
]
hopes they will”:
Ibid.

321
“Tremendous
[
cannon
]
firing”:
Ibid., May 24, 1871.

321
“Every woman carrying a bottle”:
Hoffman,
Camp, Court, and Siege: A Narrative of Personal Adventure and Observation During Two Wars: 1861–1865; 1870–1871
, 282.

321
All the fighting in all the revolutions:
Elihu Washburne Diary, May 24, 1871, Library of Congress.

322
Nor was it yet generally known:
Horne,
The Fall of Paris
, 397.

323
That afternoon on the avenue d’Antin:
Ibid., 392.

323
The insurgents fought on “like fiends”:
Gibson,
Paris During the Commune
,
1871
, 37.

323
“They are as they were when caught”:
Becker, ed.,
Paris Under Siege, 1870–1871
, 306.

323
There are men of the common people:
Ibid.

323
On Friday, 50 prisoners:
Horne,
The Fall of Paris
, 409.

323
On Sunday, May 28:
Ibid., 413.

324
One of the most infamous:
Ibid., 414.

324
“There has been nothing but general butchery”:
Elihu Washburne Diary, May 29, 1871, Library of Congress.

324
“The vandalism of the dark ages”:
Elihu Washburne to Secretary of State Hamilton Fish, May 31, 1871, Library of Congress.

324
The incredible enormities:
Ibid.