The Dawn of Innovation (56 page)

13
Lardy,
Sustaining China's Economic Growth
, 1–2.

14
Ibid., 43–65, quote at 51.

15
Patrick Chovanec, “Should China Be Bracing Itself for a Hard Landing?” March 24, 2012; “Bloomberg: Inflated Notions,” April 21, 2012; “Roubini/Chovanec,” February 9, 2012; “WSJ: Chinese Banks Are Worse Off Than You Think,” July 22, 2011; and “Chinese Banks' Illusory Earnings,” April 1, 2011,
Patrick Chovanec: An American Perspective from China
(blog),
chovanec.wordpress.com
.

16
Jing Wu et al., “Evaluating Conditions in China's Major Housing Markets,” NBER Working Paper 16189, July 2010.

17
David Barboza and Sharon LaFraniere, “‘Princelings' in China Use Family Ties to Gain Riches,”
New York Times
, May 17, 2012; Catherine Tai, “The ‘Princelings' and China's Corruption Woes,”
CIPE Development Blog
, August 5, 2009,
www.cipe.org/blog
.

1
Angela Lakwete,
Inventing the Cotton Gin: Machine and Myth in Antebellum America
(Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2003), 45.

2
Whitney and Greene corresponded regularly the rest of her life, and his regular trips to the South were usually built around visiting with Greene. In Whitney's youthful correspondence with Yale friends, he affected a kind of pre-Raphaelite sensibility,
which he maintains throughout the Greene correspondence. The letters seem mawkish today, but it's hard to believe that they were not motivated by genuine feeling. Whitney did not marry until he was fifty-one, nearly a decade after Greene's death.

3
Ibid., 55.

4
Ibid., 51, 56.

5
Ibid., private communication.

6
Ibid., 56.

7
Ibid., 55.

8
Ibid., 69, 70.

9
Constance McLaughlin Green,
Eli Whitney and the Birth of American Technology
(Boston: Little, Brown, 1956), 48.

10
Eli Whitney, “Description of a New Invented Cotton Gin,” US Patent (X)72, copy of patent filed June 20, 1793, certified correct by James Madison, Secretary of State, November 25, 1903.

11
P. J. Federico, “Records of Eli Whitney's Cotton Gin Patent,”
Technology and Culture
1, no. 2 (Spring 1960): 168–176. (Quotes in the footnote are on 173.) Federico was examiner in chief of the United States Patent Office.

12
Whitney, “Description.”

13
Miller to Whitney, April 19, 1797; Whitney to Stebbins, November 27, 1798; Miller to Whitney, June 6, 1800, in Eli Whitney Correspondence, Yale University.

Adams, Henry

Adams, John

Agriculture

work in

Albert, Prince

Alger, Horatio

Allaire Works

Allen, Ethan

Allis Chalmers

Almy, William

American Notes
(Dickens)

American Writing Machine

Ames, Nathan

Analytical Engine (AE)

Anderson, John

Appleton, Nathan

Arc transversals(fig.)

Archbold, John

Arden, Elizabeth

Arkwright, Richard

Armories

Armory practice

Arms race

Armstrong, John

Astronomical instruments

Austin, William

Ayer, N. W.

Babbage, Charles

AE and

calculating engines by

DE and

Mechanical Notation and

Baird, Matthew

Baldwin, Matthias

Baldwin Locomotive Works (fig.)

production by(table)

Baldwin locomotives

Baltimore & Ohio (B&O)

Bank of England

Bank of the United States (BUS)

Banking

Barbuto, Richard

Barclay, Robert Heriot

Barings

Barnum, P. T.

Barrels

hot welding(fig.)

making

Beaumont, Gustave de

Bell, Jacob

Bell, William

Bentham, Jeremy

Bentham, Samuel

Beresford,
attack by

Berliner, Emile

Bernhard of Saxe-Weimer-Eisenach, Duke

Bernhardt, Sarah: on Chicago plants

Bessemer, Henry

Bessemer conversion

Beverly Cotton Manufactory

Biddle, Nicholas

Bird, Isabella Lucy

Birmingham, gun making at

Blanchard, Thomas

gun-stocking machinery by

(fig.)

Lee and

machines and

Bloomingdale's

Bo Xilai

Boeing

Boilers

Bomford, George

interchangeability and

musket repair operation by

pattern and

system of

Bonds

Bonsack, James

Bookout, Steve

Boott, Kirk

Boston Associates

Boston Manufacturing Company

Boulton, Matthew

Boulton & Watt-style engines

Boyden, Uriah

Brahe, Tycho

Brahma, Joseph

Breech cylinder borer(fig.)

Breechloaders(fig.)

Breed, Ebenezer

Bridges

British Institution of Civil Engineers

British Iron Trade Association

Bromley, Alan

Brooklyn Bridge

Brown, Adam

Brown, Dick

Brown, Jack

Brown, Jacob

Brown, Joseph

Brown, Moses

Brown, Noah

Brown, William H.

Brown & Sharpe

Brunel, Isambard K.

Brunel, Marc Isambard

Buckland, Cyrus

Burden, Henry

Burton, James H.

Byron, Lord

Cadillac Automotive Company

Calculating engines

Calhoun, John

Camden and Amboy Line

Camp meetings(fig.)

Canals

building

Capital

investing

Carlyle, organic society and

Carnegie, Andrew

Carnegie Steel(fig.)

Cass, George

Catherine the Great

Chambers gun(fig.)

Charleville muskets

Chauncey, Isaac

Niagara and

Lake Ontario and

North and

problems for

recovery for

Sackets and

shipbuilding and

squadron of

Yeo and

Chemical industry

Cheney, Benjamin

Chesapeake, Shannon
and

Chicago Exposition (1892)

Chicopee

Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

Chint

Chippewa, battle of

Chovanec, Patrick

Christmas Carol, A
(Dickens)

Chronometers

Churchill, Winston: on protection

Cincinnati

hog-processing in

journalistic tour through

Civil War

economic growth and

health issues from

mass production and

Clay, Henry

Clement, Joseph

Clermont Steamboat

Clinton, DeWitt

Clockmakers

Clocks

Coal

Coffing, John: iron and

Collins, E. K.

Collins, Sam

Collins & Company

Collins line

Collinsville

Colt, James

Colt, John

Colt, Roswell

Colt, Samuel

career of

firearms and

interchangeable parts and

London armory and

machinery of

patents for

Root and

Colt Armory

machines at(fig.)

Colt guns

rifling

sales of

Commerce

Commerce Department, GE and

Committee on Machinery

Committee on Standards

Committee to Draft the Declaration of Independence

Connecticut River Valley

Constitution, Guerrière
and

Consumers

economic growth and

Consumption

investment and

Contracts

Cooke, Jay

Cooper, Carolyn

Corliss, George H.

steam engines by (fig.)

valve regulator by(fig.)

Corliss Steam Engine Company

Cotton

Cotton gins (fig.)

revisiting

Coxe, Tench

Crowe, Tim

Crystal Palace(fig.)

Cummins Engine

Cunard Lines

Cutters(fig.)

Cutting, Uriah

Cylinders(fig.)

breech(fig.)

wire/wooden-toothed

Dalliba, James

Dalrymple, Oliver

Dalzell, Robert

Damon, Matt

De Chaulnes, Duc

Dearborn, Henry

Debt

Decatur, Stephen

Declaration of Independence

Democracy in America
(Tocqueville)

Demographics

Dennison, Aaron

Department of Defense

Department of Ordnance

Department stores, first

Dependency ratios(chart)

Development

industrial

mechanical

DeWitt Clinton locomotive(fig.)

Dickens, Charles

reflections of

Trollope and

Victorian society and

Diderot, Denis

Difference Engine No. 1 (DE1)

redesigning

Difference Engine No. 2 (DE2) (fig.)

Disassembly lines

Diseases

Distribution

Dix, Dorothy

Doerflinger, Thomas

Domestic Manners of the Americans, The
(Trollope)

Don Juan
(Byron)

Douglas, Stephen

Dovetailing machine(fig.)

Downie, George

Drawings

machine

patent

Dream Works Animation

Drop hammers(fig.)

Drummond, George

Duke, James

Dun, R. G.

Dutton, Warren

E. P. Allis Company

E. Remington & Sons

Eastman, George

Eckford, Henry

Economic growth

Chinese

Civil War and

consumers and

ingenuity and

Economist,
on Chinese demographic crisis

Economy

industrial

Edgar Thomson Works (ET)

Edison, Thomas

Education

Efficiency

Electricity

Elgin Watch Company

Eli, Terry, Jr.

Elliott, Jesse

Employment

agricultural

Encyclopédie
(Diderot)

Energy

Enfield arms factory

Engineering

Engines

Boulton & Watt-style

calculating

high-pressure

steam

Englishwoman in America, The
(Bird)

Entrepreneurs

Environmental damage

Equation Clock

Erie Canal(fig.)

Erie Railroad

Escapement(fig.)(fig.)

Eugénie, Empress

Euler, Leonard

Evans, Oliver

Factories

block-making

machines and

mass-production

shipbuilding

water-powered

Fair trade

Farming

Feeling piece(fig.)

Ferguson, Niall

Ferris wheel

Fillmore, Millard

Finance

prebellum

Finney, Charles Grandison

Fitch, Charles

Flintlocks(fig.)(fig.)

Flying shuttle(fig.)

Fogel, Robert

Foods

Foot, Adonijah

Forbes, James Bennett

Ford

Ford, Henry: on meatpacking

Forging engine(fig.)

Ft. Erie

Fourdrinier paper-making machinery

Francis, James B.

Franklin Institute

Free trade

Freedman's Bureau, epidemics and

French, Daniel

Frick, Henry

Fukuyama, Francis

Fulton, Robert

Furnaces

Furniture, production of

Galileo

Gamble, James

Garland, Hamlin

Gary, Elbert

Gauges

parts(fig.)

GDP(chart)

Gear cutter(fig.)

Gears

General Electric (GE)

Gibb, George

Goldman, Sachs

Goodrich, Elizur

Gordon, Robert

Gore, John

Gorham, Benjamin

Gouge, William

Graham, Mary

Gramophones