Read The Canongate Burns Online
Authors: Robert Burns
on giving her the accustomed ripp of corn to hansel in the new-year
First printed in the Kilmarnock edition, 1786.
A
Guid New-Year
I wish thee, Maggie!
Hae, there's a ripp to thy auld baggie:
handful, stomach
Tho' thou's howe-backit now, an' knaggie,
hollow-backed, knobbly
               I've seen the day
5
Thou could hae gaen like onie staggie,
have gone, any colt
               Out-owre the lay.
-over, lea
Tho' now thou's dowie, stiff, an' crazy,
drooping
An' thy auld hide as white's a daisie,
old
I've seen thee dappl't, sleek an' glaizie,
glossy
10
               A bonie gray:
He should been tight that daur't to
raize
thee,
able, dared, excite
               Ance in a day.
once
Thou ance was i' the foremost rank,
once
A
filly
buirdly, steeve, an' swank;
strong, trim, stately
15
An' set weel down a shapely shank
well, leg
                 As e'er tread yird;
earth
An' could hae flown out-owre a stank
have, -over, ditch
                 Like onie bird.
any
Â
It's now some nine-an'-twenty year
20
Sin' thou was my
Guidfather's Meere
;
father-in-law's, mare
He gied me thee, o' tocher clear,
gave, dowry
                 An' fifty mark;
a coin worth 13s 4d
Tho' it was sma',' twas
weel-won
gear,
small, well-won money
                 An' thou was stark.
strong
25
When first I gaed to woo my
Jenny
,
went
Ye then was trottan wi' your Minnie:
mother
Tho' ye was trickie, slee, an' funnie,
difficult, sly
                 Ye ne'er was donsie;
mischievous
But hamely, tawie, quiet, an' cannie,
homely, placid, docile
30
                 An' unco sonsie.
very good-natured
That day, ye pranc'd wi' muckle pride,
great
When ye bure hame my bonie
Bride
:
bore/carried home
An' sweet an' gracefu' she did ride,
                 Wi' maiden air!
35
KYLE-STEWART I could bragged wide,
boasted the district over
                 For sic a
pair
.
such
Tho' now ye dow but hoyte and hobble,
can, limp, stumble
An' wintle like a saumont-coble,
twist, salmon-boat
That day
, ye was a jinker noble,
runner
40
                 For heels an' win'!
wind
An' ran them till they a' did wauble,
wobble
                 Far, far behin'!
When thou an' I were young and skiegh,
proud/fiery
An'
Stable-meals
at Fairs were driegh,
tedious
45
How thou wad prance, an' snore, an' scriegh,
would, snort, whinny
                 An' tak the road!
Town's-bodies
ran, an' stood abiegh,
out of the way
                 An' ca't thee mad.
called
When thou was corn't, an' I was mellow,
fed
50
We took the road ay like a Swallow:
At
Brooses
thou had ne'er a fellow,
a horse race at a wedding
                 For pith an' speed;
But ev'ry tail thou pay't them hollow,
beat
                 Whare'er thou gaed.
went
55
The sma', droop-rumpl't, hunter cattle
small, short-rumped
Might aiblins waur't thee for a brattle;
perhaps beat, short race
But
sax Scotch mile
thou try't their mettle,
six
                 An' gar't them whaizle:
made, wheeze
Nae whip nor spur, but just a wattle
no, stick
60
                 O' saugh or hazle.
willow, hazel
Thou was a noble
Fittie-lan
',
back left-hand plough horse
As e'er in tug or tow was drawn!
Aft thee an' I, in aught hours' gaun,
often, any, going
                 On guid March-weather,
good
65
Hae turn'd
sax rood
beside our han'
have, six quarter acres
                 For days thegither.
together
Thou never braing't, an' fetch't, an' flisket;
plunged, stalled, capered
But thy
auld tail
thou wad hae whisket,
old, would have lashed
An' spread abreed thy weel-fill'd
brisket
,
across to, breast
70
                 Wi' pith an' pow'r;
Till sprittie knowes wad rair't, an' risket,
rush-covered knolls were cracked and ripped
                 An' slypet owre.
smashed over (by plough)
When frosts lay lang, an' snaws were deep,
long, snows
An' threaten'd
labour
back to keep,
75
I gied thy
cog
a wee bit heap
gave, feed measure
                 Aboon the timmer:
above the rim
I ken'd my
Maggie
wad na sleep
knew, would not
                 For that, or Simmer.
before summer
In
cart
or
car
thou never reestet;
baulked
80
The steyest brae thou wad hae fac't it;
steepest hill, would have
Thou never lap, an' sten't, an' breastet,
leaped, reared
                 Then stood to blaw;
puff for air
But just thy step a wee thing hastet,
a little shortened
                 Thou snoov't awa.
pushed away
85
My Pleugh is now thy
bairn-time
a',
my plough-team is your offspring
Four gallant brutes as e'er did draw;
Forbye sax mae I've sell't awa,
six more, sold away
                 That thou hast nurst:
nursed
They drew me thretteen pund an' twa,
thirteen pound, two
90
                 The vera warst.
Monie a sair daurk we twa hae wrought,
many, sore day's work, two, have
An' wi' the weary warl' fought!
world
An' monie an
anxious day
I thought
many
                 We wad be beat!
would
95
Yet here to
crazy Age
we're brought,
                 Wi' something yet.
An' think na, my auld trusty
Servan
',
not, old
That now perhaps thou's less deservin,
An' thy
auld days
may end in starvin;
old
100
For my last fow,
bushel
A heapet
Stimpart
, I'll reserve ane
heaped, 8th of a bushel
Laid by for you.
We've worn to crazy years thegither;
together
We'll toyte about wi' ane anither;
totter, one another
105
Wi' tentie care I'll flit thy tether
heedful, change
                 To some hain'd rig,
reserved ground
Whare ye may nobly rax your leather
stretch your body
                 Wi' sma' fatigue.Â
Inevitably, in that now forever lost agrarian world, of all the deep bonds between man and beast, those with horses were the most intimate and profound. Burns's extraordinary empathy with his horses is everywhere present in his writing and is exemplified by his often naming them as expression of the current state of his own feelings. Thus, for example, the quixotic Rosinante or the disruptively comic, stool-throwing, anti-clerical Jenny Geddes. If Wordsworth needed the rhythmical stimulation of walking to write poetry, Burns discovered more varied, energised rhythms in the saddle. His Excise horse he named Pegasus, that mythical winged icon of poetical creativity. In a sense, however, all his horses had contained these magical energies as can be seen in those astonishing lines (ll. 17â44) of
The Epistle to Hugh Parker
.
The horse honoured here is not a flyer of that kind, though her young power had allowed her eventually to outpace the lightweight
hunters of the gentry in an actual and, hence, political victory. The poem is a deeply moving, heavily vernacularised, monologue by the old man as he parallels the life of his mare and himself. Not the least of Burns's intentions in the poem is to document the sheer, brutal harshness of the work conditions man and horse had to overcome in order to survive. McGuirk postulates that in part the poem is drawn from Burns's memories of his father. The poem was probably written in January 1786.
Inscribed to R. Aiken, Esq.
First published in the Kilmarnock edition, 1786.
Let not Ambition mock their useful toil,
Their homely joys, and destiny obscure;
Nor Grandeur hear, with a disdainful smile,
The short and simple annals of the Poor.
GRAY.
My lov'd, my honor'd, much respected friend!
        No mercenary Bard his homage pays;
With honest pride, I scorn each selfish end,
        My dearest meed, a friend's esteem and praise:
5
To you I sing, in simple Scottish lays,
        The
lowly train
in life's sequester'd scene;
The native feelings strong, the guileless ways,
        What Aiken in a
Cottage
would have been;
Ah! tho' his worth unknown, far happier there I ween!
trustÂ
Â
10
November chill blaws loud wi' angry sugh;
blows, whistling wind
        The short'ning winter-day is near a close;
The miry beasts retreating frae the pleugh;
dirty, from, plough
        The black'ning trains o' craws to their repose:
crows
The toil-worn COTTER frae his labour goes,
from
15
       Â
This night
his weekly moil is at an end,
toil/drudgery
Collects his
spades
, his
mattocks
, and his
hoes
,
a two-mouthed pick
        Hoping the
morn
in ease and rest to spend,
And weary, o'er the moor, his course does hameward bend.
homeward
At length his lonely
Cot
appears in view,
cottage
20
        Beneath the shelter of an aged tree;
Th' expectant wee-things, toddlan, stacher through
children, totter
        To meet their
Dad
, wi' flichterin noise and glee.
fluttering
His wee bit ingle, blinkan bonilie,
fire, burning nicely
        His clean hearth-stane, his thrifty
Wifie's
smile,
fireside, wife's
25
The
lisping infant
, prattling on his knee,
        Does a' his weary kiaugh and care beguile,
anxiety
And makes him quite forget his labor and his toil.
Belyve, the
elder bairns
come drapping in,
by-and-by, kids, dropping
        At
Service
out, amang the Farmers roun';
among, round
30
Some ca' the pleugh, some herd, some tentie rin
work, shepherd, attentively run
        A cannie errand to a neebor town:
private, neighbour
Their eldest hope, their
Jenny
, woman-grown,
        In youthfu' bloom, Love sparkling in her e'e,
eye
Comes hame,
perhaps
, to shew a braw new gown,
home, show, fine
35
        Or deposite her sair-won penny-fee,
sore-, wages
To help her Parents dear, if they in hardship be.
With joy unfeign'd,
brothers
and
sisters
meet,
        And each for other's weelfare kindly spiers:
welfare, inquires
The social hours, swift-wing'd, unnotic'd fleet;
40
        Each tells the uncos that he sees or hears.
news
The
Parents partial
eye their hopeful years;
       Â
Anticipation
forward points the view;
The
Mother
, wi' her needle and her sheers,
scissors
        Gars auld claes look amaist as weel's the new;
makes old clothes, almost, well
45
The
Father
mixes a' wi' admonition due.
Their Master's and their Mistress's command
        The
youngkers
a' are warned to obey;
youngsters all
And mind their labors wi' an eydent hand,
diligent
        And ne'er, tho' out o' sight, to jauk or play:
fool around
50
âAnd O! be sure to fear the LORD always!
always
        And mind your
duty
, duly, morn and night!
Lest in temptation's path ye gang astray,
go
        Implore His counsel and assisting might:
They never sought in vain that sought the LORD aright.'
55
But hark! a rap comes gently to the door;
       Â
Jenny
, wha kens the meaning o' the same.
who knows
Tells how a neebor lad came o'er the moor,
neighbour
        To do some errands, and convoy her hame.
home
The wily Mother sees the
conscious flame
60
        Sparkle in
Jenny's
e'e, and flush her cheek;
eye
With heart-struck anxious care, enquires his name,
        While
Jenny
hafflins is afraid to speak;
almost/partly
Weel-pleas'd the mother hears, it's nae wild,
no
        worthless
Rake
.
With kindly welcome,
Jenny
brings him ben;
inside
65
        A
strappan youth
, he takes the Mother's eye;
Blythe
Jenny
sees the
visit's
no ill taen;
taken
        The Father cracks of horses, pleughs, and kye.
talks, ploughs, cattle
The
youngster's
artless heart o'erflows wi' joy,
        But blate and laithfu', scarce can weel behave;
shy, hesitating, well
70
The Mother, wi' a woman's wiles, can spy
cunning
        What makes the
youth
sae bashfu' and sae grave;
so
Weel-pleas'd to think her
bairn's
respected like the lave.
well-, child's, the others
O happy love! where love like this is found:
        O heart-felt raptures! bliss beyond compare!
75
I've pacè d much this weary,
mortal round
,
        And sage EXPERIENCE bids me this declare â
âIf Heaven a draught of heavenly pleasure spare,
        One
cordial
in this melancholy
Vale
,
âTis when a youthful, loving,
modest
Pair,
80
        In other's arms, breathe out the tender tale
Beneath the milk-white thorn that scents the ev'ning gale.'
Is there, in human form, that bears a heart â
        A wretch! a villain! lost to love and truth!
That can, with studied, sly, ensnaring art,
85
        Betray sweet
Jenny's
unsuspecting youth?
Curse on his perjur'd arts! dissembling, smoothe!
        Are
Honor
,
Virtue
,
Conscience
, all exil'd?
Is there no Pity, no relenting Ruth,
sorrow
        Points to the Parents fondling o'er their Child?
90
Then paints the
ruin'd Maid
, and
their
distraction wild?
But now the Supper crowns their simple board,
        The halesome
Porritch
, chief o' SCOTIA'S food;
wholesome porridge
The soupe their
only Hawkie
does afford,
drink/milk, cow
        That, âyont the hallan snugly chows her cood;
beyond, partition, chews
95
The
Dame
brings forth, in complimental mood,
        To grace the lad, her weel-hain'd kebbuck, fell;
well-matured cheese, tasty
And aft he's prest, and aft he ca's it guid;
often, asked, calls, good
        The frugal
Wifie
, garrulous, will tell,
wife
How âtwas a towmond auld, sin' Lint was i' the bell.
12 months old, flax, flower
Â
100
The chearfu' Supper done, wi' serious face,
        They, round the ingle, form a circle wide;
The sire turns o'er, wi' patriarchal grace,
        The big
ha'-Bible
, ance his
Father's
pride.
hall Bible, once
His bonnet rev'rently is laid aside,
105
        His
lyart haffets
wearing thin and bare;
grey sidelocks
Those strains that once did sweet in ZION glide,
        He wales a portion with judicious care,
â
And let us worship GOD!
' he says, with solemn air.
They chant their artless notes in simple guise,
110
        They tune their hearts, by far the noblest aim;
Perhaps
Dundee's
wild-warbling measures rise,
        Or plaintive
Martyrs
, worthy of the name;
Or noble
Elgin
beets the heaven-ward flame,
fans
        The sweetest far of SCOTIA'S holy lays:
115
Compar'd with these,
Italian trills
are tame;
        The tickl'd ears no heart-felt raptures raise;
Nae unison hae they, with our CREATOR'S praise.
no, have
The priest-like Father reads the sacred page,
        How
Abram
was the Friend of God on high;
120
Or,
Moses
bade eternal warfare wage
        With
Amalek's
ungracious progeny;
Or, how the
royal
Bard did groaning lye
        Beneath the stroke of Heaven's avenging ire;
Or
Job's
pathetic plaint, and wailing cry;
125
        Or rapt
Isaiah's
wild, seraphic fire;
Or other
Holy Seers
that tune the
sacred lyre
.
Perhaps the
Christian Volume
is the theme:
        How
guiltless blood
for
guilty
man was shed;
How He, who bore in Heaven the second name,
130
        Had not on Earth whereon to lay His head;
How His first
followers
and
servants
sped;
        The
Precepts sage
they wrote to many a land:
How
he
, who lone in
Patmos
banishè d,
        Saw in the sun a mighty angel stand,
135
And heard great
Bab'lon's
doompronounc'd by Heaven's command.
Then kneeling down to HEAVEN'S ETERNAL KING,
        The
Saint
, the
Father
, and the
Husband
prays:
Hope âsprings exulting on triumphant wing,'
1
        That
thus
they all shall meet in future days,
140
There, ever bask in
uncreated rays
,
        No more to sigh or shed the bitter tear,
Together
hymning their CREATOR'S praise,
        In
such society
, yet still more dear;
While circling Time moves round in an eternal sphere.
145
Compar'd with this, how poor Religion's pride,
        In all the pomp of
method
, and of
art
;
When men display to congregations wide
        Devotion's ev'ry grace, except the
heart
!
The POWER, incens'd, the Pageant will desert,
150
        The pompous strain, the sacerdotal stole;
But haply, in some
Cottage
far apart,
        May hear, well-pleas'd, the language of the Soul,
And in His
Book of Life
the Inmates poor enroll.
Then homeward all take off their sev'ral way;
155
        The youngling
Cottagers
retire to rest:
youthful
The Parent-pair their
secret homage
pay,
        And proffer up to Heaven the warm request,
That âHe who stills the
raven's
clam'rous nest,
        âAnd decks the
lily
fair in flow'ry pride,
160
âWould, in the way His
Wisdom
sees the best,
        âFor
them
and for their
little ones
provide;
âBut, chiefly, in their hearts with
Grace Divine
preside'.
From Scenes like these, old SCOTIA'S grandeur springs,
        That makes her lov'd at home, rever'd abroad:
165
Princes and lords are but the breath of kings,
        âAn honest man's the noble work of GOD';
2
And
certes
, in fair Virtue's heavenly road,
verily
        The
Cottage
leaves the
Palace
far behind;
What is a lordling's pomp? â a cumbrous load,
170
        Disguising oft the
wretch
of human kind,
Studied in arts of Hell, in wickedness refin'd!