The Bell Curve: Intelligence and Class Structure in American Life (139 page)

Read The Bell Curve: Intelligence and Class Structure in American Life Online

Authors: Richard J. Herrnstein,Charles A. Murray

Tags: #History, #Science, #General, #Psychology, #Sociology, #Genetics & Genomics, #Life Sciences, #Social Science, #Educational Psychology, #Intelligence Levels - United States, #Nature and Nurture, #United States, #Education, #Political Science, #Intelligence Levels - Social Aspects - United States, #Intellect, #Intelligence Levels

BOOK: The Bell Curve: Intelligence and Class Structure in American Life
2.59Mb size Format: txt, pdf, ePub

Cronbach, L. J., and Gleser, G. C. 1965.
Psychological Tests and Personnel Decisions.
2d ed., Urbana, Ill.: University of Illinois Press.

Crouse, J., and Trusheim, D. 1988.
The Case against the SAT.
Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Cutler, D. M., and Katz, L. F. 1991.
Macroeconomic Performance and the Disadvantaged.
Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University and NEBR.

Cyphers, L. H., Fulker, D. W., Plomin, R., and DeFries, J. C. 1989. Cognitive abilities in the early school years: No effects of shared environment between parents and offspring. Intelligence 13:369-386.

D’Souza, D. 1991.
Illiberal Education.
New York: Free Press.

Darlington, C. D. 1969.
The Evolution of Man and Society.
New York: Simon and Schuster.

Das, J. P 1985. Interpretations for a class on minority assessment. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 8:228.

David, R. 1990. Race, birth weight, and mortality rates. J. of Pediatrics 116:101-102.

Davis, A., and Havighurst, R. J. 1946. Social class and color differences in child-rearing. Am. Sociological Rev. 11:698-710.

DeFries, J. C., Johnson, R. C., Kuse, A. R., McClearn, G. E., Polovina, J., Vandenberg, S. G., and Wilson, J. R. 1979. Familial resemblance for specific cognitive abilities. Behavior Genetics 9:23-43.

Dekovic, M., and Gerris, J. R. M. 1992. Parental reasoning complexity, social class, and child-rearing behaviors. J. of Marriage and the Family 54:675-685.

Delattre, E. J. 1989.
Character and Cops: Ethics in Policing.
Washington, D. C.: American Enterprise Institute.

Denno, D. W. 1990.
Biology and Violence: From Birth to Adulthood.
New York: Cambridge University Press.

DerSimonian, R., and Laird, N. M. Evaluating the effect of coaching on SAT scores: A meta-analysis. Harvard Educational Rev. 53:1-15.

Detlefsen, R. R. 1991.
Civil Rights under Reagan.
San Francisco: ICS Press.

Diamond, M. 1976. The American idea of man: The view from the founding. In The Americans: 1976. An Inquiry into Fundamental Concepts of Man Underlying Various U.S. Institutions. Vol. 2. I. Kristol and P. Weaver (eds.). Lexington, Mass.: Lexington Books, pp. 1-23.

Dillon, H. J. 1949.
Early School Leavers: A Major Educational Problem.
New York: National Child Labor Committee.

Dilts, S. W. (ed.). 1991.
Peterson’s Guide to Four-Year Colleges.
21st ed. Princeton, N.J.: Peterson’s Guides.

Donlon, T. F. (ed.). 1984.
The College Board Technical Handbook for the Scholastic Aptitude Test and Achievement Tests.
New York: College Entrance Examination Board.

Donnelly, B. W., and Voydanoff, P. 1991. Factors associated with releasing for adoption among adolescent mothers. Family Relations 40:404-410.

Donohue, J. J., III, and Heckman, J. 1991. Continuous versus episodic change: The impact of civil rights policy on the economic status of blacks. J. of Econ. Literature 29:1603-1643.

Downs, A. 1957.
An Economic Theory of Democracy.
New York: Harper.

Drotar, D., and Sturm, L. 1989. Influences on the home environment of preschool children with early histories of nonorganic failure-to-thrive. Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics 10:229-235.

Dubin, J. A., Osburn, H., and Winick, D. M. 1969. Speed and practice: Effects on Negro and white test performance. J. of Applied Psych. 53:19-23.

Dumaret, A., and Stewart, J. T. 1985. IQ, scholastic performance and behaviour of sibs raised in contrasting environments. J. of Child Psych., and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines 26:553-580.

Duncan, G. J. 1993.
Economic deprivation and early-childhood development.
Ann Arbor, Mich.: Social Science Research Center. Photocopy.

Duncan, G. J., and Hoffman, S. D. 1990. Welfare benefits, economic opportunities, and out-of-wedlock births among black teenage girls. Demography 27:519-535.

Duncan, G. J., and Laren, D. 1990.
Neighborhood Correlates of Teen Births and Dropping Out: Preliminary Results from the PSID-Geocode File.
Ann Arbor, Mich.: SSRC Working Group on Communities and Neighborhoods, Family Processes and Individual Development. Social Science Research Center.

Duncan, O. D. 1952. Is the intelligence of the general population declining? Am. Sociological Rev. 17:401-407.

Duncan, O. D. 1968. Ability and achievement. Eugenics Quarterly 15:1-11.

Dunnette, M. D. 1976. Aptitudes, abilities, and skills. In Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology. M. D. Dunnette (ed.). Chicago: Rand McNally College Publishing Company, pp. 473-520.

Dyer, H. S. 1987. The effects of coaching for Scholastic Aptitude. NASSP Bull. 71:46-53.

Dyer, P. J. 1970.
Effects of test conditions on Negro-white differences in test scores.
Ph.D. dissertation, Columbia University.

E. F. Wonderlic & Associates, I. 1983.
Wonderlic Personnel Test Manual.
Northfield, Ill.: E. F. Wonderlic & Associates.

Eagle, E. 1988a.
High School and Beyond: Educational Experiences of the 1980 Senior Class.
Berkeley, Cal.: MPR Associates.

Eagle, E. 1988b.
National Longitudinal Study 1972: Educational Experiences of the 1972 Senior Class.
Berkeley, Cal.: MPR Associates.

Eberstein, I. W., and Parker, J. R. 1984. Racial differences in infant mortality by cause of death: The impact of birth weight and maternal age. Demography 21:309-321.

Eells, K., et al. 1951.
Intelligence and Cultural Differences.
Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Egeland, B., Breitenbucher, M., and Rosenberg, D. 1980. Prospective study of the significance of life stress in the etiology of child abuse. J. of Consulting and Clinical Psych. 48:195-205.

Eggebeen, D. J., and Lichter, D. T. 1991. Race, family structure, and changing poverty among American children. Am. Sociological Rev. 56:801-817.

Elliot, R. 1988. Tests, abilities, race, and conflict. Intelligence 12:333-350.

Elliott, D. S., and Ageton, S. S. 1980. Reconciling race and class differences in self-reported and official estimates of delinquency. Am. Sociological Rev. 45:95-110.

Elliott, D. S., and Voss, H. 1974.
Delinquency and Dropout.
Lexington Mass.: Lexington Books.

Elliott, R. 1987.
Litigating Intelligence: IQ Tests, Special Education, and Social Science in the Courtroom.
Dover, Mass.: Auburn House.

Ellis, L., and Nyborg, H. 1992. Racial/ethnic variations in male testosterone levels: A probable contributor to group differences in health. Steroids 57:1-4.

Ellwood, D. 1986a.
Targeting the “Would-Be” Long-Term Recipient: Who Should Be Served?.
Princeton, N.J.: Mathematica Policy Research.

Ellwood, D. T. 1986b. The spatial mismatch hypothesis. In The Black Youth Employment Crisis. R. B. Freeman and H. J. Holzer (eds.). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Ellwood, D. T. 1988.
Poor Support: Poverty in the American Family.
New York: Basic Books.

Ellwood, D., and Bane, M. J. 1985. The impact of AFDC on family structure and living arrangements. In Research in Labor Economics, Vol. 7. R. G. Ehrenberg (ed.). Greenwich, Conn.: JAI Press, pp. 137-207.

Ellwood, D. T., and Crane, J. 1990. Family change among black Americans: What do we know? J. of Econ. Perspectives 4:65-84.

Epstein, R. A. 1990. The paradox of civil rights. Yale Law and Policy Rev. 8:299-319.

Epstein, R. A. 1992.
Forbidden Grounds: The Case against Employment Discrimination Laws.
Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.

Ervin, L., Hogrebe, M. C., Dwinell, P. L., and Newman, I. 1984. Comparison of the prediction of academic performance for college developmental students and regularly admitted students. Psychological Reports 54:319-327.

Etzioni, A. 1975. Grade inflation. Science 190:101.

Eyferth, K. 1961. Leistungen verschiedener Gruppen von Besatzungskindern in Hamburg-Wechsler Intelligenztest für Kinder (HAWIK). Archiv für die gesamte Psychologie 113:222-241.

Eysenck, H. J. 1991. Raising I.Q. through vitamin and mineral supplementation: An introduction. Personality and Individual Differences 12:329-333.

Faculty of Arts and Sciences. 1960.
Admission to Harvard College.
Report by the Special Committee on College Admission Policy. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University.

Falconer, D. S. 1966. Genetic consequences of selection pressure. In Genetic and Environmental Factors in Human Ability. J. E. Meade and A. S. Parkes (eds.). Edinburgh: Oliver & Boyd, pp. 219-232.

Falconer, D. S. 1989.
An Introduction to Quantitative Genetics.
3d ed. New York: Wiley.

Fallows, J. 1980. The tests and the brightest: How fair are the College Boards? Atlantic Monthly (February): 37-48.

Fallows, J. 1985. The case against credentialism. Atlantic Monthly (December): 49-67.

Farrell, T. J. 1983. IQ and standard English. College Composition and Communication 34:470-484.

Farrington, D. P., and West, D. J. 1990. The Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development: A long-term follow-up of 411 London males. In Criminality: Personality, Behavior, Life History. H. J. Kerner and G. Kaiser (eds.). New York: Springer-Verlag, pp. 115-138.

Farver, A. S., Sedlacek, W. E., and Brooks, G. C. 1975. Longitudinal predictions of university grades for blacks and whites. Measurement and Evaluation in Guidance 7:243-250.

Featherstone, J. 1971.
Schools Where Children Learn.
New York: Liveright.

Federal Bureau of Investigation. 1993.
Crime in the United States 1992: Uniform Crime Reports.
Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office.

Feinberg, L. 1988. Black freshman enrollment rises 46% at U-Va. The Washington Post, Dec. 26, p. C1.

Field, T. M., Widmayer, S. M., Stringer, S., and Ignatoff, E. 1993. Teenage, lower-class, black mothers and their preterm infants: An intervention and developmental follow-up. Child Development 51:426-436.

Fierman, J. 1987. What it takes to be rich in America. Fortune, April 13, pp. 22-29.

Figueroa, R. A. 1983. Test bias and Hispanic children. J. of Special Education 17:431-440.

Figueroa, R. A., and Sassenrath, J. M. 1989. A Longitudinal Study of the Predictive Validity of the System of Multicultural Pluralistic Assessment (SOMPA). Psych. in the Schools 26:5-15.

Filer, R. K. 1981. The influence of affective human capital on the wage equation.

In Research in Labor Economics, vol. IV. R. Ehrenberg (ed.). Greenwich, Conn.: JAI Press, pp. 367-409.

Finch, F. E. 1946.
Enrollment Increases and Changes in the Mental Level of the High School Population.
Stanford, Cal.: Stanford University Press.

Finn, C. E., Jr. 1991.
We Must Take Charge: Our Schools and Our Future.
New York: Free Press.

Fisher, A. B. 1992. The new debate over the very rich. Fortune, June 29, pp. 42-54.

Fiske, E. B. 1984. Are they “dumbing down” the textbooks? Principal 64:44.

Fletcher, J. F., and Forbes, H. D. 1990. Education, occupation and vote in Canada, 1965-1984. Canadian Rev. of Sociology and Anthropology 27:441-461.

Fletcher, R. 1991. Intelligence, equality, character, and education. Intelligence 15:139-149.

Flinn, C. J., and Heckman, J. J. 1983. Are unemployment and out of the labor force behaviorally distinct labor force states? J. of Labor Economics 1:28-42.

Flynn, J. R. 1980.
Race, IQ, and Jensen.
London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.

Flynn, J. R. 1984. The mean IQ of Americans: Massive gains 1932 to 1978. Psychological Bull. 95:29-51.

Flynn, J. R. 1987a. Massive IQ gains in 14 nations: What IQ tests really measure. Psychological Bull. 101:171-191.

Flynn, J. R. 1987b. The ontology of intelligence. In Measurement, Realism, and Objectivity. J. Forge (ed.). New York: D. Reidel, pp. 1-40.

Flynn, J. R. 1989. Rushton, evolution and race: An essay on intelligence and virtue. Psychologist 2:363-366.

Flynn, J. R. 1991.
Asian Americans: Achievement beyond IQ.
Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Flynn, T. M. 1984. Counterstatement: Responses to Thomas J. Farrell, “IQ and standard English” (with a reply by Thomas J. Farrell). College Composition and Communication 35:455-479.

Fogel, R. W. 1992. Egalitarianism: The economic revolution of the twentieth century. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University. Photocopy.

Ford, J. K., Kraiger, K., and Schechtman, S. L. 1986. Study of race effects in objective indices and subjective evaluations of performance: A meta-analysis of performance criteria. Psychological Bull. 99:330-337.

Forrest, D. W. 1974.
Francis Galton: The Life and Work of a Victorian Genius.
New York: Taplinger.

Fossett, M. A., and Kiecolt, K. J. 1993. Mate availability and family structure among African Americans in U.S. metropolitan areas. J. of Marriage and the Family 55:288-302.

Frederiksen, N. 1986. Toward a broader conception of human intelligence. Am. Psychologist 41:445-452.

Freeman, R. B. 1976.
The Overeducated American.
New York: Academic Press.

Freeman, R. B. 1983. Crime and unemployment. In Crime and Public Policy. J. Q. Wilson (ed.). San Francisco: Institute for Contemporary Studies, pp. 89-106.

Freeman, R. B. 1984. Affirmative action: Good, bad, or irrelevant? New Perspectives 16:23-27.

Friedman, M. 1962.
Capitalism and Freedom.
Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Friedman, S. B., and Morse, C. W. 1974. Child abuse: A 5-year follow-up of early case finding in the emergency department. Pediatrics 54:404-410.

Friedman, T., and Williams, E. B. 1982. Current use of tests for employment. In Ability Testing: Uses, Consequences, and Controversies, Vol. 2. A. K. Wigdor and W. R. Garner (eds.). Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press, pp. 99-169.

Frydman, M., and Lynn, R. 1989. The intelligence of Korean children adopted in Belgium. Personality and Individual Differences 10:1323-1325.

Fryer, D. 1922. Occupational-intelligence standards. School and Society 16:273-276.

Other books

Sapphire by Elayne Griffith
The Broken Bell by Frank Tuttle
Alter Boys by Stepanek, Chuck
The Man of Bronze by James Alan Gardner
Lessons in Rule-Breaking by Christy McKellen
Against the Rules by A.R. Barley
I Drink for a Reason by David Cross