Terror in the City of Champions (60 page)

265.
Charles Allran death:
Wyandotte Herald
, January 17, 1936.

265.
Alexander Murdy death:
DFP
, May 25, 1936;
DT
, June 2, 1936; and
DN
and
DT
, June 10, 1936.

265.
Jerome Wolf death:
DN
, June 4, 1936, and
New York Times
, May 25, 1936. Note: His name was spelled “Wolfe” in news stories, but in letters to Michigan officials his son spelled it “Wolf.”

265.
Howard Curtis death:
DFP
, May 27, 1936;
DN
, May 28, 1936; and
Milford Times
, October 19, 1934, and May 29, 1936.

265.
Vernon Dodge death:
DN
, June 1, 1936.

265.
R. T. Philip death:
DFP
, May 27, 1936.

265.
Walter Fisher death: Ibid.

265.
Cornelius Vanderveen death:
DFP
, May 30, 1936.

265.
Oliver Hurkett death:
DT
, May 26, 1936;
DFP
, May 27, 1936; and author interview with relative Dennis Hurkett.

266.
“a certain official . . .”: Crowley, “Black Legion Secrets Never Before Told,” 82.

266.
“exaggerated accounts”: Ibid.

266.
“innumerable indictments the entire work . . .”: Ibid.

Wyoming

267.
“It is painful to watch the creeping shadows . . .”:
DN
, June 10, 1936.

267.
“Cochrane has been doing . . .”:
DT
, June 5, 1936.

267.
“a highly nervous temperament”:
DN
, June 10, 1936.

267.
“terrific mental pressure”: Ibid.

267.
“aggravated by a Detroit newspaper columnist . . .”: Ibid.

267.
“It has been no fault of Mickey’s . . .”:
DFP
, June 21, 1936.

267.
Cochrane’s activities in the hospital: Ibid.

268.
“Louis inside of five”:
DFP
, June 18, 1936.

268.
“Louis in three”: Ibid.

268.
“Two rounds”: Ibid.

268.
“condemned man”:
DFP
, June 19, 1936.

268.
“I think I can lick Max”:
DFP
, June 18, 1936.

268.
collapsed and died of heart attacks: Roberts,
Joe Louis
, 121–122.

268.
“It’s the greatest place on earth”:
Weston County Gazette
(WY), May 21, 1936.

269.
L
AST
R
OUNDUP?
:
Prescott Evening Courier
(AZ), July 16, 1936.

269.
Bennett had played a role: Bak,
Cobb Would Have Caught It
, 81.

The Cover-Up

270.
“refuse anyone the right”:
DFP
, July 26, 1936.

270.
“Absolutely, I do.”:
Pinckney
Dispatch
, July 29, 1936.

271.
Effinger was gone—a fugitive:
Cleveland Plain Dealer
, August 26, 1936.

271.
“No organization like the Black Legion . . .”:
DFP
, June 13, 1936.

271.
“as a public servant sworn to uphold the law”:
DT
, May 26, 1936.

272.
“I don’t care who they are . . .”: Ibid.

272.
“There probably would have to be an overt . . .”:
DN
, May 27, 1936.

272.
“The danger of uncovering ramifications . . .”:
Christian Century
, June 17, 1936.

272.
“They were told that I was a member . . .”:
DN
, June 14, 1936.

273.
“We have had several big names . . .”:
DT
, May 28, 1936.

273.
For his silence about Pickert’s membership: Farrell oral history, Amann Collection, Box 15.

273.
“He said the orders for the death . . .”: Peg-Leg White statement to constable Roy Bucy, Amann Collection, Box 2.

274.
“same large grocery orders . . . prodigious eater”: Letter to J. Edgar Hoover from editor James Blissell, October 21, 1936, FBI files.

274.
“There is a great amount of rumor . . .”: Letter to J. Edgar Hoover from Allen County prosecutor Robert Jones, February 28, 1937, FBI files.

274.
“They’re scared he’ll expose too many . . .”: Fred Gulley statement to Michigan State Police, March 29, 1938, Amann, Box 5A.

274.
“small-town men with horizons . . .”:
DN
, May 31, 1936.

275.
Weitschat’s brother: Michigan State Police report, June 5, 1936, Amann Collection, Box 5A.

275.
“It is just possible that the reason . . .”: Maurice Sugar Memo, Sugar Collection, Box 18.

275.
“No, no, no, no . . .”: Farrell oral history, Amann Collection, Box 15.

276.
“The Bureau is unable to understand why . . .”: J. Edgar Hoover letter to agent John Bugas, December 28, 1938, FBI files.

276.
“Captain Marmon or his alleged . . .”: Ibid.

Epilogue

278.
Pontiac fire department murder-suicide:
DN
, December 5, 1936.

279.
“Sure, I stole a little . . .”:
DN
, September 28, 1956.

B
IBLIOGRAPHY

A
RCHIVES,
P
APERS, AND
C
OLLECTIONS

Benson Ford Research Center, The Henry Ford, Dearborn, MI

• Henry Ford and Ford Family Papers
  
• Ford Reminiscences Oral Histories
  

Giamatti Research Center, National Baseball Hall of Fame, Cooperstown, NY

• Charlie Gehringer Collection
  
• F. C. Lane Papers
  
• Player clipping files
  

Louie B. Nunn Center for Oral History, University of Kentucky Libraries

• A. B. “Happy” Chandler Oral History Collection
  

National Archives, Records of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, College Park, MD

• J. Edgar Hoover’s Scrapbooks, 1913–72
  

University of Detroit Mercy Library, Detroit, MI

• Influence of Father Coughlin Collection
  
• Shrine Herald Collection
  

Walter P. Reuther Library, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI

• Peter H. Amann Collection
  
• Joe Brown Collection
  
• Father Charles Coughlin FBI Files
  
• Maurice Sugar Collection
  

N
EWSPAPERS

In the 1930s three English-language daily newspapers covered Detroit: the
Free Press
,
News
, and
Times
. All three dailies proved invaluable to my research. I scoured thousands of issues. In addition, the following papers were helpful. Other Michigan newspapers:
Adrian Daily Telegram
,
Daily
Leader
(Mt. Clemens),
Highland
Parker
,
Milford
Times
,
Oxford
Leader
,
Pinckney
Dispatch
,
Pontiac
Press
, and
Wyandotte
Herald
. New York:
Daily
Mirror
,
Daily News
,
Evening Journal
,
Herald-Tribune
,
Post
,
Sun
,
Times
, and
World-Telegram
. Washington, D.C.:
News
,
Post
,
Star
, and
Times
. Chicago:
Daily News
,
Daily Times
, and
Daily Tribune
. Other newspapers:
Afro-American
(Baltimore),
Boston Herald
,
Brooklyn Daily Eagle
,
Cleveland Plain Dealer
,
Lima News
(OH),
Los Angeles Times
,
Milwaukee Journal
,
Philadelphia Inquirer
,
Prescott Evening Courier
(AZ),
Toledo Blade
(OH), and
Weston County Gazette
(WY).