Sixty Degrees North (32 page)

culture of saunas in
ref1

declaring independence
ref1

Duchy of
ref1
,
ref2

first parliament in
ref1

having universal suffrage
ref1

landscape of
ref1

member of EU
ref1

place in Russian history
ref1

right to roam in
ref1

Swedish spoken in
ref1

Finland, Gulf of
ref1
,
ref2

Finland Station, St Petersburg
ref1

Finnish language
ref1

Finnish nationalism
ref1

Finse
ref1

fishing industry
ref1

Fitzgerald-Smith corridor
ref1

Fort Fitzgerald (formerly Smith's Landing)
ref1
,
ref2
,
ref3

Fort Smith
ref1
,
ref2
,
ref3
,
ref4
,
ref5
,
ref6
,
ref7
,
ref8
,
ref9
,
ref10

Fortunate Isles –
see
Cape Verde

Fossum, Karin
ref1

Foula
ref1

Freyr
ref1
,
ref2

fulmars
ref1

fur trading
ref1
,
ref2
,
ref3
,
ref4

Gamla (Old) Uppsala
ref1

Geilo
ref1

Gibraltar, Strait of
ref1

glaucous gulls
ref1

Gogol, Nikolai
ref1

gold mining
ref1
,
ref2
,
ref3
,
ref4

golden plovers
ref1

Good Shepherd IV
ref1

Gould, Glenn
ref1
,
ref2

Grænlendinga Saga
ref1

graphite mining
ref1

grayling
ref1
,
ref2
,
ref3

Grayling Lake
ref1
,
ref2

Great Purge of 1930s (Russia)
ref1

Great Greenland Fur Company
ref1

great skuas
ref1

Great Slave Lake
ref1
,
ref2
,
ref3

Green of Mandrup
ref1
,
ref2

Greenland
ref1
,
ref2
,
ref3
,
ref4
,
ref5
,
ref6
,
ref7

alcoholism in
ref1

climate cooling in
ref1

crop failures in
ref1

early settlers in
ref1

government of
ref1

hunting, culture of
ref1
,
ref2

iron trading in
ref1

land ownership in
ref1
,
ref2

leaving the EC
ref1

mining for metals
ref1

oil industry development
ref1

rapid social change in
ref1

whaling industry
ref1
,
ref2

Greenlandic language
ref1

Group of Seven (artists)
ref1

Guerber, H.A.
ref1

gulags
ref1
,
ref2

Gulf of Alaska
ref1

Gulf Stream
ref1

Gustav Vasa, King of Sweden
ref1
,
ref2
,
ref3

halibut fishing
ref1

Halifax, Nova Scotia
ref1
,
ref2

Hamelin, Louis-Edmond
ref1
,
ref2

Hanseatic League
ref1

Hare Island
ref1

Hay River
ref1
,
ref2
,
ref3

Hellier
(cargo ship)
ref1
,
ref2

Helsinki
ref1
,
ref2

Hermitage Museum, St Petersburg
ref1

Herscovici, Alan
ref1

High Level (Canada)
ref1

Hipparchus of Nicaea
ref1

Hitler, Adolf
ref1

Högholmen Island
ref1
,
ref2

Hogmanay Hurricane, Shetland 1991
ref1

Homer (Alaska)
ref1

hooded crows
ref1

Hoswick
ref1

Huftarøy
ref1

Hudson Bay
ref1

Hudson's Bay Company
ref1

Hughes, Ted
ref1

hunting, culture of
ref1
,
ref2

Husavik
ref1

Iceland
ref1

Iceland gulls
ref1

Indian Cabins
ref1

Inuit Circumpolar Conference
ref1

Inuit people
ref1
,
ref2
,
ref3
,
ref4
,
ref5
,
ref6
,
ref7
,
ref8
,
ref9
,
ref10
,
ref11

Ireland, Republic of
ref1

Ireland (Shetland village)
ref1

iron trading
ref1

Jansson, Tove
ref1

Jung, Carl
ref1

Kalevala, The
ref1
,
ref2

Kamchatka
ref1
,
ref2
,
ref3
,
ref4
,
ref5
,
ref6
,
ref7
,
ref8

Karelia
ref1

Kayak Island
ref1

Kenai Fjords National Park
ref1

Kenai Lake
ref1

Kenai National Wildlife Refuge
ref1

Kenai Peninsula
ref1
,
ref2
,
ref3
,
ref4

Kenai River
ref1
,
ref2

Kirov, Sergei
ref1

Klondike gold rush
ref1

Knagg, Jacob Johan
ref1
,
ref2

Kodiak Island
ref1

Kollin, Susan
ref1

Kolyma labour camps
ref1
,
ref2
,
ref3

Koryak people
ref1

Kristensen, Ib
ref1
,
ref2
,
ref3

Kristensen, Lillian
ref1

Kristoffersen, David
ref1

Lake Athabasca
ref1

Lapland buntings
ref1

lapwings
ref1

Larsson, Stieg
ref1

Lascaux caves
ref1

League of Nations
ref1

Lenin, Vladimir
ref1
,
ref2
,
ref3
,
ref4

Leningrad
ref1
,
ref2

reverting to St Petersburg
ref1

siege of, 1941
ref1

see also
St Petersburg

Leopold, Aldo
ref1

Lerwick
ref1
,
ref2
,
ref3
,
ref4
,
ref5
,
ref6
,
ref7
,
ref8
,
ref9
,
ref10
,
ref11
,
ref12

Linköping
ref1

Linnaeus (Carl von Linne)
ref1

Loch of Vatsetter
ref1

Lönnrot, Elias
ref1

Lopez, Barry
ref1

Lynge, Aqqaluk
ref1

Lynge, Finn
ref1

Macfarlane, Robert
ref1

Mackenzie, Alexander
ref1
,
ref2

Mackenzie River
ref1

Maclean, Norman
ref1

Maclean, Wally
ref1
,
ref2
,
ref3

Magadan
ref1
,
ref2
,
ref3

Magnus, Bishop Johannes
ref1

Magnus, Olaus
ref1

Malleson, Lady Constance
ref1

Mankell, Henning
ref1

Mariehamn
ref1

Martin, Edward
ref1

McGill University, Montreal
ref1

McPhee, John
ref1

Mediaeval Warm Period
ref1

Medvedev, Dmitry
ref1

Melville, Herman
ref1

Métis people
ref1

Meyer, Eva
ref1

Middlesbrough
ref1

Mongolia
ref1

moose
ref1

Moose Pass
ref1

Moravian missionaries
ref1

Moscow
ref1
,
ref2
,
ref3

Mounds of the Kings, Uppsala
ref1

Mount Redoubt
ref1
,
ref2

Mountain Portage Rapids (Slave River)
ref1
,
ref2
,
ref3
,
ref4

Mousa
ref1
,
ref2
,
ref3
,
ref4
,
ref5
,
ref6

Broch of
ref1
,
ref2

muskeg forest
ref1

Muskeg Express
ref1

Mutnovsky volcano
ref1

Nanortalik
ref1
,
ref2
,
ref3
,
ref4
,
ref5
,
ref6

Napoleonic Wars
ref1

Narsaq
ref1
,
ref2
,
ref3

Narsarsuaq
ref1

narwhal tusks, trade in
ref1
,
ref2

NATO
ref1

Nenet people
ref1

Nesbø, Jo
ref1

Nevsky Prospekt, St Petersburg
ref1

Nicolas I, Tsar
ref1
,
ref2

Ninilchik
ref1
,
ref2
,
ref3

Njal's Saga
ref1

Nordic extremism
ref1

‘nordicity'
ref1
,
ref2

Norfolk
ref1

Norman Wells
ref1

Norse gods
ref1

Norse people
ref1
,
ref2
,
ref3
,
ref4
,
ref5
,
ref6
,
ref7

North Pole
ref1
,
ref2

North Sea
ref1
,
ref2

North Star (Polaris)
ref1
,
ref2

Northwest Passage
ref1

Northwest Territories
ref1
,
ref2
,
ref3
,
ref4

Norway
ref1
,
ref2

gaining independence from Sweden
ref1

joining NATO
ref1

oil wealth of
ref1

terrorism in
ref1
,
ref2

nostalgia
ref1
,
ref2
,
ref3
,
ref4

Nuuk
ref1
,
ref2

Odin
ref1
,
ref2
,
ref3

oil extraction
ref1
,
ref2
,
ref3
,
ref4

Okhotsk, Sea of
ref1
,
ref2

Ordnance Survey
ref1

Oslo
ref1

bombings in
ref1

University of
ref1

Viking Ship Museum
ref1

Ougadougou
ref1

Our Lady of Kazan, Cathedral of (St Petersburg)
ref1
,
ref2

Out Skerries
ref1

Oxford
ref1

Pacific Ocean
ref1

pack ice
ref1

paganism
ref1

Paige, Harry W.
ref1

Palace Square, St Petersburg
ref1

Palme, Olaf, assassination of
ref1

Paulette, François
ref1
,
ref2

Peace River
ref1

Peace Valley
ref1

peat
ref1
,
ref2
,
ref3

Pelican Rapids (Slave River)
ref1

pelicans
ref1
,
ref2
,
ref3
,
ref4

penguins
ref1

Peter the Great, Tsar
ref1
,
ref2
,
ref3
,
ref4
,
ref5
,
ref6

Petrograd
ref1

see also
St Petersburg

Petropavlosk
ref1

Picts
ref1

polar bears
ref1
,
ref2

Polaris (North Star)
ref1
,
ref2

Port Radium
ref1

Prague
ref1
,
ref2
,
ref3
,
ref4
,
ref5
,
ref6

Presley, Elvis
ref1

Ptolemy, Claudius
ref1
,
ref2

Pushkin, Alexander
ref1
,
ref2
,
ref3
,
ref4

Putin, Vladimir
ref1

Qaqortoq
ref1
,
ref2

Qaqqarsuasik
ref1

Quassik
ref1

Quebec nationalism
ref1

Quendale
ref1

Ramsholmen Island
ref1
,
ref2

Rapids of the Drowned (Slave River)
ref1
,
ref2

Raseborg Castle
ref1

Rasmussen, Knud
ref1

ravens
ref1
,
ref2
,
ref3
,
ref4
,
ref5
,
ref6
,
ref7
,
ref8
,
ref9
,
ref10

Red Deer
ref1

reindeer
ref1
,
ref2

Repin, Ilya
ref1
,
ref2

Repino
ref1
,
ref2

Resurrection Bay
ref1

right to roam (
allemansratt
)
ref1

River Fyris
ref1
,
ref2
,
ref3