Pillar of Fire (110 page)
Authors: Taylor Branch
“What kind of fool would I be”: Wiretap transcript of Elijah Muhammad-Louis X [Farrakhan] conversation, Dec. 31, 1963, FMXNY-4073, pp. 1-3.
“Any laborer or minister”: Wiretap transcript of Elijah Muhammad-Isaiah X [Karriem] conversation, Dec. 31, 1963, FMXNY-4074, p. 2.
“I cannot understand”: Wiretap transcript of conference call featuring Elijah Muhammad and Malcolm X, Jan. 2, 1964, in Report to Director from SAC, Phoenix, Jan 23, 1964, FEM-NR.
bought maternity clothes: Wiretap transcript of Elijah Muhammad telephone call, Jan. 3, 1964, in Report to Director from SAC, Phoenix, Jan. 23, 1964, FEM-NR, p. 5.
“in the nest”: Wiretap transcript of Elijah Muhammad telephone call, Jan. 7, 1964, in Report to Director from SAC, Phoenix, Jan. 27, 1964, FMXNY-4073, pp. 4-6.
$100 per month: Perry,
Malcolm
, pp. 230-32, 305-6.
“even if they move to”: Wiretap transcript of Elijah Muhammad telephone call, Jan. 7, 1964, in Report to Director from SAC, Phoenix, Jan. 27, 1964, FMXNY-4073, p. 5.
told Captain Joseph: Wiretap transcript of Elijah Muhammad telephone call, Jan. 4, 1964, in Report to Director from SAC, Phoenix, Jan. 27, 1964, FMXNY-4073, p. 4. According to this intercept, Muhammad directed that Minister James X [Shabazz] of the Newark temple take over Malcolm's pulpit duties, while Captain Joseph was to enforce Malcolm's removal.
“Let my son know that”: Wiretap transcript of Elijah Muhammad telephone call, Jan. 3, 1964, in Report to Director from SAC, Phoenix, Jan 23, 1964, FEM-NR, p. 6.
“I'm not through with Malcolm yet”: Ibid., p. 5.
Malcolm appeared in Phoenix: Goldman,
Death and Life
, pp. 125-26; SAC, Phoenix, to Director, Jan. 16, 1964, FMXNY-4023.
layover in Washington: Int. Abdulalim Shabazz (Lonnie X Cross), March 14, 1991.
Lonnie X never saw him again: Ibid.
“Sometimes he speaks nice and good”: Wiretap transcript of Elijah Muhammad telephone call, Jan. 9, 1964, in Report to Director from SAC, Phoenix, Jan. 27, 1964, FMXNY-4073, pp. 7-8.
another tape and a letter: SAC, Phoenix, to Director, Jan. 16, 1964, FMXNY-4023.
“When a man is falling”: SAC, Phoenix, to Director, Jan. 22, 1964, FMXNY-4066.
escaped into an airport hotel room: SAC, New York, to Director, Feb. 12, 1964, reporting on an FBI interview with Malcolm X conducted Feb. 4, 1964, and notes (form 302) of that interview dated Feb. 5, 1964, both FMX-81.
enlisted young Alex: Int. Alex Haley, Dec. 4, 1990.
article vilifying Elijah Muhammad: Alex Haley, “Mr. Muhammad Speaks,”
Reader's Digest
, March 1960, pp. 100-04.
interview Malcolm X:
Playboy
, May 1963, p. 53ff.
love of Shakespeare: Int. Alex Haley, Dec. 4, 1990.
Haley had no inkling: Ibid. Also Malcolm X,
The Autobiography
, p. 405.
“You have not converted”: Malcolm X,
The Autobiography
, p. 406.
Malcolm flew to Miami: Perry,
Malcolm
, pp. 245-46.
strange informant report: SAC, Miami, to Director, Jan. 21, 1964, FMX-78.
dinner at the Rockland Palace: SAC, New York, to Director, Jan. 29, 1964, FMX-80; Dick Schaap, “The Challenger and the Muslims,”
New York Herald Tribune
, Jan. 23, 1964, p. 1; “Cassius Clay Almost Says He's a Muslim,” NYAN, Jan. 25, 1964, p. 1;
Jet
, Feb. 6, 1964, pp. 58-59.
first papal trip: NYT, Jan. 5 and 6, 1964, p. 1;
New York Herald Tribune
, Jan. 5, 6, and 7, 1964, p. 1.
Paul received Sargent Shriver: NYT, Jan. 6, 1964, p. 1.
Shriver asked for a papal blessing: Int. Sargent Shriver, Feb. 21, 1991.
Greek Archbishop Iakovos: Poulos,
A Breath of God
, pp. 30-31.
secret agent of reconciliation: Ibid., p. 105.
“He that would love life”: 1 Peter 3:10-11 and Psalm 34:12-16, cited in Vorgimler,
Commentary on the Documents of Vatican II
, pp. 56-57.
closed conference in February: Ibid., p. 59.
oral argument in the
Sullivan
case: NYT, Jan. 7, 1964, p. 21, Jan. 8, 1964, p. 19.
Goldberg discreetly sent down: Int. Harry Wachtel, Oct. 27, 1983, and May 17, 1990.
Washington office of William Rogers: Int. William Rogers, June 11, 1984; int. Harry Wachtel, May 17, 1990.
A relative newcomer: Branch,
Parting
, pp. 581-83.
introduced the highly prized counsel: Int. Harry Wachtel, May 17, 1990; Gandhi Society press release dated June 5, 1963, announcing the agreement of William Rogers and Samuel Pierce to appear before the Supreme Court in the
Sullivan
case, Box 50, Folder 1263, Lowenstein Papers, UNC.
Wachtel opened with a harsh appraisal: Int. Harry Wachtel, May 17, 1990.
Rogers took issue with Wachtel: Ibid.
“I agree with you”: Ibid.
“fantastic”: Proceedings of the Supreme Court in Case No. 39, Jan. 6, 1964, p. 10.
Alabama law allowed: In addition to the case records themselves, the legal history of the
Sullivan
case may be found ably and amply explored in Anthony Lewis,
Make No Law
.
largest judgment of its kind: Ibid., p. 35.
too many racial references: Int. Harry Wachtel, May 17, 1990.
annoyed with Rogers: Int. William Rogers, June 11, 1984.
“a death penalty for any newspaper”: Proceedings of the Supreme Court in Case No. 39, Jan. 6, 1964, p. 21.
$300 million in damages: Perry,
Malcolm
, p. 35.
installed microphone bugs in his room: Garrow,
FBI and Martin
, pp. 104-6; Garrow,
Bearing the
Cross
, p. 310; Sullivan to Belmont, Jan. 6, 1964, FK-NR; “Summary of Highly Sensitive Coverage,” Nov. 27, 1964, FK-1024.
“I'm fucking for God!”: Author's interviews with FBI officials.
“This will destroy the burrhead!”: Garrow,
FBI and Martin
, p. 106.
“King is a âtom cat'”: Hoover notation on Sullivan to Belmont, Jan. 27, 1964, FBI 100-3-116-792, cited in ibid., p. 107.
“It is believed that the submissions”: Director to SAC, Atlanta, Jan. 7, 1964, FK-NR.
“to take [King] off his pedestal”: Sullivan to Belmont, Jan. 8, 1964, FBI 77-56944-19, cited in Garrow,
FBI and Martin
, p. 105.
“recent income tax returns of King”: Baumgardner to Sullivan, Jan. 8, 1964, FSC-NR.
“If this judgment is permitted to stand”: NYT, Jan. 8, 1964, p. 8.
farewell luncheon at the Washington Hotel: Int. William Rogers, June 11, 1984.
he never dreamed: Ibid. Also Rogers speech entitled “
NY Times v. Sullivan
âTwenty Years Later,” Waldorf-Astoria, March 8, 1984, text courtesy of William Rogers.
over the next nine weeks: Historical accounts of the Court deliberations over
Sullivan
appear in Lewis,
Make No Law, passim
, esp. pp. 164-82; Eisler,
A Justice for All
, pp. 228-36.
“Although the Sedition Law was never tested”: Opinion of the Court,
New York Times Co. v. Sullivan
, 376 U.S. 254 (1964), p. 276.
“I considered, and now consider”: Ibid.
“âactual malice'”: Ibid., p. 280.
“the case of the individual petitioners”: Ibid., p. 286.
fn literal disappearance: In his front-page story announcing the Court's decision in March of 1964, reporter Anthony Lewis surfaced the tense, unspoken realities that he and other close contemporaries
knew
dominated the proceedings: “The
Times
argued that the purpose and effect of these suits was to discourage coverage of the racial situation.” In his book on
Sullivan
a generation later, however, Lewis more accurately summarized the actual written record: “The
Times
petition did not emphasize the racial issue that formed the context of the libel action.” The careful, cumulative avoidance of race in the legal argument came soon to dominate interpretation, especially by those lacking firsthand experience. By the 1980s, teachers and students read the
Sullivan
decision as pure First Amendment law, and commonly missed the formative persecutions against Martin Luther King and the civil rights movement. NYT, March 9, 1964, p. 1; Lewis,
Make No Law
, p. 109.
“was apparently a man of some thin skin”: Eisler,
A Justice for All
, p. 228.
FBI executives debated: Garrow,
FBI and Martin
, p. 106.
returned to headquarters: Ibid.
visit him on Saturday, January 18: NYT, Jan. 19, 1964, p. 1; Whalen and Whalen,
The Longest Debate
, pp. 94-5.
“without a word or a comma changed”: “Notes on Meeting: President Johnson, Clarence Mitchell and Joe Rauh, January 21, 1964,” Box 26, Rauh Papers, LOC.
“lengthy and fruitful discussion”: NYT, Jan. 19, 1964, p. 42.
Black Mountain retreat: Garrow,
Bearing the Cross
, pp. 310-11; “Assignments for Black Mountain retreat,” A/KP32f7; “Tentative Agenda for SCLC Retreat, Black Mountain, N.C., January 20-22, 1964,” A/KP32f7; FBI documents, including New York LHM, Jan. 21, 1964, FR-NR.
Prime Minister Nehru justified: King,
Why We Can't Wait
, pp. 134-5.
accepted advice to straddle: Jones to MLK, Jan. 29, 1964, A/KP27f8; MLK to Hermine Popper, Feb. 3, 1964, A/KP18f14; Levison's comments to Hermine Popper of Jan. 27, 1964, cited in FLNY7-679a and New York LHM, Feb. 5, 1964, FSC-NR, p. 2.
“Bill of Rights for the Disadvantaged”: King,
Why We Can't Wait
, p. 137ff.
Wachtel was watching: Int. Harry Wachtel, Oct. 27, 1983, and May 17, 1990.
agreed to have the recordings destroyed: Ibid. Also Jones to C. T. Vivian, Feb. 11, 1964, A/KP13f18.
Levison's candid appraisal: Int. Clarence Jones, Oct. 25, 1983, Nov. 28, 1989.
marketing plans for King's forthcoming book: Wiretap transcript of Levison-Daves conversation, Jan. 31, 1964, FLNY7-683a; Wiretap transcript of Levison-Daves conversation, Feb. 14, 1964, FLNY-9-443.
winter-long struggle to hire more efficient: This is a running theme of wiretap intercepts FLNY7 and FLNY9. Also Jones to King, Abernathy, and Walker, Jan. 31, 1964, A/KP33f21.
“What are SCLC's basic aims”: “Tentative Agenda for SCLC Retreat, Black Mountain, N.C., January 20-22, 1964.”
fn “Whatever his greatness”:
Time
, Jan. 3, 1964, p. 13.
fn “typical hatchet job”: Wiretap of Jones-Levison conversations, 9:59
A.M.
, and 12:55
P.M.
, Jan. 3, 1964, FLNY9-401, 401a.
fn letter of thanks: MLK to Henry Luce, Jan. 16, 1964, A/KP23f35.
Walker wanted to target Atlanta: Garrow,
Bearing the Cross
, p. 310.
unfit to be dogcatcher: New York LHMs of Jan. 30 and March 10, 1964, FK-NR; int. Cleveland Robinson, Oct. 28, 1983.
closing down his March on Washington office: New York LHM, Jan. 28, 1964, FK-NR.
strategy of protest: Rustin, “From Protest to Politics: The Future of the Civil Rights Movement,”
Commentary
, Feb. 1964, p. 31ff.
“If the boys can run you once”: Int. Bayard Rustin, Sept. 24, 1984.
page at the North Carolina airport: Garrow,
Bearing the Cross
, p. 311.
Piedmont Airlines flight 45: Charlotte FBI report dated Jan. 24, 1964, FK-NR;
Jet
, Feb. 6, 1964, p. 4.
bomb would destroy the Macedonia Baptist: McGowan to Rosen, Jan. 26, 1964, FK-293.
four different callers had warned: SAC, Milwaukee, to Director, Jan. 29, 1964, FK-NR.
“No activities of interest developed.”: Garrow,
FBI and Martin
, p. 107.
15. H
ATTIESBURG
F
REEDOM
D
AY
resistance where he least expected it: Int. Robert Stone, June 3, 1993.
Summoned to the White House: PDD, Dec. 9, 1963, LBJ.
Spike declined to have his commission: Robert Spike, “Report to the Commission on Religion and Race,” Feb. 21, 1964, pp. 1, 4, NCC RG 6, b47f30, POH.
“I would say to you”: Gov. Paul Johnson inaugural address, Jan. 21, 1964, WLBT-TV news tape 0139/D22, MDAH.
Spike sent him a telegram: NYT, Jan. 23, 1964, p. 19.
idea of Dr. Gayraud Wilmore: Int. J. Metz Rollins, Jr., Dec. 13, 1991; int. Gayraud Wilmore, May 14, 1992; int. Robert Stone, June 3, 1993.
1,300 Presbyterian missionaries: Smith,
From Colonialism to World Community
, p. 277.
Smith's name put a jolt: Int. J. Metz Rollins, Jr., Dec. 13, 1991; int. Gayraud Wilmore, May 14, 1992; int. Robert Stone, June 3, 1993.
fifty-one white faces and clerical collars: list of “Clergy Participation, Freedom Day, January 22, 1964, Hattiesburg, Mississippi,” A/SN101f8.
St. Paul's AME: Int. Victoria Gray Adams, Sept. 9, 1994.
Ella Baker arrived: Zinn,
SNCC
, pp. 102-22; Dittmer,
Local People
, pp. 220-21.
“We're here to prod”: Zinn,
SNCC
, p. 105.
“Immanuel Kant”: Ibid., p. 106.
Smith wrote down one of Guyot's sentences: Smith,
From Colonialism to World Community
, p. 268.
conceal money in their shoes: Ibid., p. 265.
“the guts to march”: Ibid., p. 263.
Pratt and the white reporters: Int. Jack Pratt, March 25, 1991.
Smith drew celebrity housing: Smith,
From Colonialism to World Community
, p. 265.
Daisy Harris: Int. Daisy Harris, June 25, 1994.
Victoria Gray announced: Int. Victoria Gray Adams, May 14, 1991.
“Oh, Lord Jesus”: Zinn,
SNCC
, p. 109.
Main Street on Tuesday: Ibid., pp. 110-11. Also Von Hoffman,
Mississippi Notebook
, pp. 12-13; Lyon,
Memories of the Southern Civil Rights Movement
, pp. 130-33;
Jackson Daily News
, Jan. 23, 1964, p. 6.
“Well, we got to protect”: Int. J. Metz Rollins, Jr., Dec. 13, 1991.
Guyot stared: Int. Lawrence Guyot, Feb. 1, 1991.
dawned on Jack Pratt: Int. Jack Pratt, March 25, 1991.
her legs went limp: Int. Daisy Harris, June 25, 1994.
pressed Sheriff Bud Gray: Zinn,
SNCC
, pp. 112-13.
prevailing thought was to spare: Int. James K. Dukes, June 23, 1992.
SNCC's communications office: Michael Sayer to Julian Bond, Jan. 15, 1964; Sayer, “Comments on the Hattiesburg freedom Day,” nd, A/SN98f24.
large contingent of reporters: Von Hoffman,
Mississippi Notebook
, p. 12.
“In such situations”: Smith,
From Colonialism to World Community
, p. 266.
annoyance focused on Bob Moses: Freedom Day accounts cited above. Also SNCC press release “via Walter Tillow,” A/SN101f8; COFO “Hattiesburg Report,” Jan. 1964, A/SN54f9, p. 2; SNCC “Chronology of Intimidation and Violence,” A/KP16f15, p. 18.
“lone picket”: Int. Michael Sayer, June 25, 1992.
Hamer belted out: Zinn,
SNCC
, p. 113.
“Try to sing âAmerica'”: Smith,
From Colonialism to World Community
, p. 266.
trial of Bob Moses: Zinn,
SNCC
, pp. 117-21; Notice of appeal filed by J. Robert Lunney on behalf of Moses, NCC RG6, b50f7, POH.
long cigarette holder: Int. Victoria Gray Adams, May 14, 1991.
“My dog's so mean”: Von Hoffman,
Mississippi Notebook
, p. 13.
interpreted a fruit basket: Smith,
From Colonialism to World Community
, p. 275.
vintage bootleg whiskey: Int. Jack Pratt, March 25, 1991.
“Preachers gone astray”: Int. Robert Castle, March 3, 1993;
Jackson Daily News
, Jan. 27, 1964.
cut slits in his shoes: Int. Robert Stone, June 1, 1993.
“grandpa nigger”: Smith,
From Colonialism to World Community
, p. 268.
first batch of replacement clergy: “Hattiesburg Project/Second Week Participants.” A/SN101f8.
Nine of them were arrested: COFO Hattiesburg report, A/SN54f9, pp. 2-3; NYT, March 10, 1964, p. 17.
twenty-one third-week successors: “Hattiesburg Project/Third Week Participants,” A/SN101f8.
arrested Guyot: COFO Hattiesburg report. A/SN54f9, p. 2;
Jackson Daily News
, Jan. 29, 1964, Feb. 1, 1964; Smith,
From Colonialism to World Community
, pp. 270-73.
fired Victoria Gray's husband: Int. Victoria Gray Adams, May 14, 1991.
recognized on the picket lines: Pickets fired on the morning after Freedom Day included eighteen-year-old John Gould, a shoeshine boy at the Central Barber Shop. COFO Hattiesburg report, A/SN54f9, p. 4.
obtained a restraining order: Petition and writ in case No. 22688,
City of Hattiesburg v. Robert Moses
.
United Presbyterian Commission on Religion and Race, Episcopal Society for Cultural and Racial Unity, the Rabbinical Assembly of America et al
., Chancery Court of Forrest County, Jan. 29, 1964, NCC RG6, b50f7, POH.
sixty pickets went to jail: NYT, April 19, 1964, p. 65.
“You asked what the point”: Statement of Rev. Emil J. Hattoon, cited in SNCC pamphlet, “Hattiesburg Freedom Day, January 22, 1964,” A/SN98f24.
Spike's shrewd vision: Int. Robert P. Moses, Feb. 25, 1991.
“Never ask in advance”: Int. Jack Pratt, March 25, 1991; int. Bruce Hanson, Jan. 21 and Feb. 22, 1991.
after picket hours on January 24: Minutes of Hattiesburg SNCC meeting, Jan. 24, 1964, A/SN100f13.
Cotton said he would wind up doing: Ibid.
fn “We have an office”: Rita Schwerner to Anne Braden, Jan. 23, 1964, b55f15, Braden Papers, SHSW.
fn had first submitted: Cagin and Dray,
We Are Not Afraid
, pp. 256-61.
Edwin King had submitted: Edwin King to COFO Staff Executive Committee, Jan. 16, 1964, b12f612, Edwin King Papers, TOU.
Guyot swapped places: SNCC press release of Feb. 1, 1964, A/SN101f8.
Moses had risen to point out: Int. Michael Sayer, June 25, 1992.
Aaron Henry called from Clarksdale: “Information Concerning the Killing of Louis Allen,” Jan. 31, 1964, A/SN51f6.
reproaching himself for losing track: Int. Robert P. Moses, July 30, 1984.
“They are after him in Amite”: Moses to Doar, Aug. 2, 1962, files of Civil Rights Division, U.S. Department of Justice.
Allen had witnessed the event: Branch,
Parting
, pp. 510-22.
“âtip-off man'”: Undated news story about Charles B. Gordon of
McComb Enterprise-Journal
, A/SN51f6.
what grieving relatives told him: “Report Concerning the Louis Allen Case by Robert Moses,” A/SN51f6.
tried more than once to leave Mississippi: Julian Bond, “Activism of the Late Mr. Allen,”
New South
, March 1964, pp. 12-15; Testimony of Elizabeth Allen, June 8, 1964, reprinted in
Congressional Record
, June 16, 1964; Elizabeth Allen affidavit, reprinted in COFO,
Mississippi
, pp. 30-37; Branch,
Parting
, p. 921.
Allen dived headlong: Murder account from above Allen sources, esp. undated news story by Charles B. Gordon of
McComb Enterprise-Journal
, A/SN51f6.
stood at the murder site to tell: ADW, Feb. 19, 1964, p. 8; CD, Feb. 4, 1964, p. 1.
“Advise All Persons”: Director to SAC, New Orleans, Feb. 3, 1964, FBI File No. 44-24466 (Louis Allen murder), Serial 2.
“the victim is not a registered voter”: Rosen to Belmont, Feb. 3, 1964, FBI File No. 44-24466 (Louis Allen Murder), Serial 4. Also Rosen to Belmont, June 22, 1964, FBI File No. 44-24466 (Louis Allen Murder), Serial 4. Also Rosen to Belmont, June 22, 1964, FBI File No. 44-24466 (Louis Allen Murder), Serial 15, p. 3.
“The mainspring in the McComb racial turmoil”: Undated news story by Charles B. Gordon of
McComb Enterprise-Journal
, A/SN51f6.
overrode lingering scruples: Branch,
Parting
, p. 921; int. Robert P. Moses, Feb. 15, 1991.
“The Briar Patch”: Twelve Southerners,
I'll Take My Stand
, pp. 246-64.
“It's the importance”: Robert Penn Warren, “Two for SNCC,”
Commentary
, Feb. 1965, pp. 38-42; Warren,
Who Speaks for the Negro?
, pp. 87-100.
“They'd let me vote”: Int. Robert Stone, June 1, 1993.
16. A
MBUSH
Sargent Shriver kept an appointment: PDD, Jan. 31, 1964, 4:50
P.M.
, LBJ.
“Well, Sarge, that's really”: Int. Sargent Shriver, Feb. 21, 1991.
fn Johnson often caricatured: Int. Victoria Murphy, Aug. 17, 1993.
“I'm gonna announce”: LBJ phone call with Sargent Shriver, 1:02
P.M.
, Feb. 1, 1964, Cit. 1804, Audiotape WH6402.01, LBJ; PDD, Feb. 1, 1964, LBJ.
Shriver in full panic: Int. Sargent Shriver, Feb. 21, 1991.
fended off a last frantic call: LBJ phone call with Sargent Shriver, 2:25
P.M.
, Feb. 1, 1964, Cit. 1807, Audiotape WH6402.01, LBJ.
test performances of the Redeye: Remarks of Adam Yarmolinsky at the Brandeis conference on “The Federal Government and Urban Poverty,” June 1973, RFK Oral History Collection, p. 232ff, JFK; Adam Yarmolinsky Oral History, July 13, 1970, p. 5, LBJ.
announced the appointment: NYT, Feb. 2, 1964, p. 1.
explained to Shriver: LBJ and Bill Moyers phone call with Sargent Shriver, 6:04
P.M.
, Feb. 1, 1964, Cit. 1809, Audiotape WH6402.01, LBJ.
Frank Mankiewicz: Mankiewicz Oral History, LBJ.
Adam Yarmolinsky: Adam Yarmolinsky Oral History, pp. 5-10, LBJ.
“It will never fly”: Ibid. Also Schlesinger,
Robert Kennedy
, p. 689; Moynihan,
Maximum Feasible Misunderstanding
, p. 82; remarks of Adam Yarmolinsky at the Brandeis conference on “The Federal Government and Urban Poverty,” June 1973, RFK Oral History Collection, p. 234, JFK.
community action advocates: The most prominent advocates of community action were David Hackett and Richard Boone, who worked from the Kennedy Justice Department on the President's Committee on Juvenile Delinquency, and Paul N. Ylvisaker, a son and grandson of Lutheran theologians who veered away from his clerical ambitions to become an expert on urban poverty for the Ford Foundation. Their influence on the poverty program is reviewed in Moynihan,
Maximum Feasible Misunderstanding
, pp. 79-86; Lemann,
The Promised Land
, pp. 121-25, 145-55. For Ylvisaker's background and motivation, see his speech, “A Relevant ChristâBut a Relevant Church?,” Feb. 5, 1964, AFF.
mindful of what he could sell: Int. Sargent Shriver, Feb. 21, 1991.
Hyman Bookbinder called: Int. Hyman Bookbinder, March 21, 1964.
looked to Attorney General Robert Kennedy: David Hackett to Kenneth O'Donnell with attached RKF to LBJ, Jan. 16, 1964, Box 39, Moyers Papers, LBJ; Hackett to Lee White, Jan. 23, 1964, Box 33, Walinsky Papers, Senate Subject File 65-68, JFK; “The attack on Poverty Bill,” nd, Box 41, Heller Papers, LBJ.
“Been to any good funerals”: Schlesinger,
Robert Kennedy
, p. 661.
“The innocent suffer”: Ibid., p. 666.
“the new fellow”: Ibid., p. 681.
lost most feeling for politics: “What Will R.F.K. Do Next?,”
Saturday Evening Post
, March 28, 1964, pp. 17-20.
trip to Indonesia: Schlesinger,
Robert Kennedy
, pp. 682-85;
Life
, Jan. 31, 1964, p. 33.
Kennedy was ambushed by House members: Evans to Belmont, Jan. 31, 1964, FK-299; Callahan to Mohr, Jan. 31, 1964, FK-302.
Hoover had disclosed to them: Hoover testimony before the Judiciary Subcommittee of House Appropriations, chaired by John Rooney (D.-N.Y.), Jan 29, 1964, pp. 274-313.