Paradiso (31 page)

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Authors: Dante

BOOK: Paradiso
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‘And that your arrival at the lofty goal

               
be not delayed by waiting, I shall answer

36
           
your guarded thoughts, which you dare not express.

               
‘The summit of the mountain on whose slope   

               
Cassino lies was once much frequented

39
           
by people both deluded and perverse.   

               
‘I am he who first brought up the slope

               
the name of Him who carried down to earth

42
           
the truth that so exalts us to the heights.

               
‘And such abundant grace shone down on me

               
I led the neighboring towns away

45
           
from impious worship that misled the world.   

               
‘All these other flames spent their lives in contemplation,   

               
kindled by that warmth which brings

48
           
both holy flowers and holy fruits to birth.   

               
‘Here is Macarius, here is Romualdus,   

               
here are my brothers whose feet never strayed   

51
           
beyond their cloisters and whose hearts were firm.’

               
And I to him: ‘The affection you display   

               
when you speak with me and the signs of kindness

54
           
that I see and mark in all your fires

               
‘have enhanced my confidence,

               
as the sun expands the rose

57
           
when it opens to its fullest bloom.

               
‘Therefore, I pray you, father, reassure me—   

               
if I may hope to gain so great a favor—

60
           
that I may see you with your face unveiled.’

               
And he: ‘Brother, your lofty wish   

   

               
shall find fulfillment in the highest sphere,

63
           
where all desires are fulfilled, and mine as well.

               
‘There only all we long for is perfected,   

               
ripe, and entire. It is there alone

66
           
each element remains forever in its place,

               
‘for it is not in space and does not turn   

               
on poles. Our ladder mounts right up to it   

69
           
and thus its top is hidden from your sight.

               
‘Jacob the patriarch saw the ladder’s highest rungs   

               
attain that height when, teeming with

72
           
a throng of angels, it appeared to him.

               
‘But no one bothers now to raise his foot   

               
up from the earth to climb those rungs,

75
           
and my Rule is but a waste of paper.

               
‘The walls that were constructed for an abbey

               
have been converted into dens for thieves, and sacks,   

78
           
now filled with rotten flour, once served as cowls.

               
‘But the highest rates of usury are not exacted

               
against God’s will so much as is the harvest

81
           
that turns the hearts of monks to madness.

               
‘For whatever the Church has in its keeping

               
is reserved for those who ask it in God’s name,

84
           
and not for kindred or more vile relations.

               
‘The flesh of mortals is so weak and dissolute   

               
that good beginnings go astray down there, undone

87
           
before the newly planted oak can bring forth acorns.

               
‘Peter started his community with neither gold   

   

               
nor silver, and I mine with fasting and with prayer,   

90
           
while Francis with humility established his.

               
‘If you consider where each started out,

               
and then consider how far it now has strayed,

93
           
you shall see how dark its white has turned.   

               
‘Still, the sight of Jordan driven back and of the sea   

               
that opened at the will of God were greater wonders

96
           
to behold than would be His intervention here.’

               
This he said to me, and then withdrew   

               
to his companions, who, drawing close together,

99
           
now swirled up as in a whirlwind.

               
My sweet lady, with but a single gesture, urged me on   

               
to follow right behind them up that stairway,

102
         
so did her power overcome my nature.   

               
And never once down here below,

               
where we mount and descend by natural law,

105
         
was there motion swift enough to match my flight.

               
So may I, reader, once again return   

               
there to that holy triumph for whose sake

108
         
I frequently bewail my sins and beat my breast,

               
you could not have withdrawn and thrust your finger   

   

               
into the fire faster than I saw the sign

111
         
that follows on the Bull and was within.

               
O glorious stars, O light made pregnant   

               
with a mighty power, all my talent,

114
         
whatever it may be, has you as source.

               
From you was risen and within you hidden

               
he who is the father of all mortal life

117
         
when first I breathed the Tuscan air.

               
And afterward, when I was granted grace

               
to enter the high wheel that keeps you turning,

120
         
it was your zone to which I was assigned.

               
To you now, with devotion, my soul sighs   

               
that it gain strength for the next daunting task

123
         
that with such power draws it to itself.   

               
‘You are so near the final blessedness,’   

   

               
Beatrice then began,

126
         
‘your eyes from now on shall be clear and keen.

               
‘Thus, before you become more one with it,   

               
look down once more and see how many heavens

129
         
I have already set beneath your feet,   

               
‘so that your heart, filled with joy,

               
may greet the triumphant throng that comes   

132
         
in gladness to this aethereal sphere.’   

               
With my eyes I returned through every one   

               
of the seven spheres below, and saw this globe of ours   

135
         
to be such that I smiled, so mean did it appear.

               
That opinion which judges it as least

               
I now approve as best, and he whose thoughts

138
         
are fixed on other things may truly be called just.

               
I saw Latona’s daughter shining bright,   

   

               
without that shadow for which I once believed

141
         
she was both dense and rare.

               
The visage of your son, Hyperion, I endured   

               
and saw how Maia and Dïone move

144
         
around him in their circling near.   

               
Then I saw the tempering of Jove between his father   

               
and his son, and the changes that they make   

147
         
in their positions were now clear.

               
All seven planets there revealed   

               
their sizes, their velocities,

150
         
and how distant from each other their abodes.

               
The little patch of earth that makes us here so fierce,   

               
from hills to rivermouths, I saw it all   

               
while I was being wheeled with the eternal Twins.

154
         
Then I turned my eyes once more to those fair eyes.

OUTLINE: PARADISO XXIII

STARRY SPHERE

1–12
   
simile (1): mother bird, anxiously awaiting dawn, and Beatrice awaiting “sunrise” in order to “nourish” Dante
13–15
   
comparison (1): Dante is like a man who longs for what he has not and who is satisfied by the hope itself
16–18
   
but the moments of hoping and seeing are near resolution: the sky is brightening
19–21
   
Beatrice: “See those first and then later saved by
Christ

22–24
   
Beatrice’s indescribable joy: her “home” has come to her;
25–30
   
simile (2): a full moon
(Trivïa)
and all the stars likened to this “sun” lighting up all the descended souls
31–33
   
and Dante’s sight cannot bear its brightness;
34
   
his apostrophe of Beatrice;
35–39
   
she: “You are conquered by Christ, desired since
[Adam]

40–45
   
simile (3): lightning swelling in cloud and crashing to earth likened to Dante’s feasting mind leaving itself;
46–48
   
her command: “See me as I truly am; now you can bear my smile, because of what you have witnessed”;
49–51
   
comparison (2): Dante is as one awakening from a dream
52–54
   
when he heard Beatrice’s invitation, worthy of gratitude;
55–60
   
“non-invocation”: should all the poets best nourished by the Muses now aid him, the result would not be worth much;
61–62
   
describing Paradise, the sacred poem must make a leap
63
   
simile (4): poem like a man at an obstruction on his path
64–66
   
“indirect” address to reader: whoever reflected on the mortal shoulder bearing such a weighty theme would not blame the shoulder for trembling;
67–69
   
this voyage not for a little bark but for a bold prow and unsparing helmsman.
70–72
   
Beatrice: “Why look at me and not the ‘garden’?”
73–75
   
the rose (representing
Mary
); the lilies (the
Apostles
)
76–78
   
Dante tries again to look into the effulgence of Christ
79–84
   
simile (5): sunbeam shining through rift in cloud upon flowers is like risen Christ’s ray on his companions in beatitude
85–87
   
apostrophe of Christ, expressing gratitude for His ascent
88–139
   
fifty-two verses for Mary, her first “moment” in the poem:
88–90
   
Mary as greatest “flame” of that host; Dante prays to her twice each day
91–96
   
a “torch” descends and circles Mary, “crowning” her
97–102
   
“simile” (6): Gabriel’s melody makes the sweetest human music seem grating by comparison
103–108
   
Gabriel to Mary: “I will circle you until you rejoin Jesus in the Empyrean”
109–111
   
at end of Gabriel’s song, host call out Mary’s name
112–117
   
Primum Mobile too distant yet to be visible to Dante
118–120
   
Dante’s eyes cannot follow Mary’s ascent
121–125
   
simile (7): infant, after suckling, reaches up to mamma; so the host extend themselves up toward Mary
126–129
   
the remaining host sing “Regina celi”
130–132
   
the poet’s exclamation of joy: those good sowers!
133–135
   
here they enjoy the treasure gained in exile
136–139
   
here, with the keys to such glory, Peter triumphs.

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