Paid For: My Journey Through Prostitution

About the Author Rachel Moran grew up in north Dublin city. From a troubled family background, she was fourteen when she was taken into State care. She became homeless and got involved in prostitution at aged fifteen, working in Dublin and other Irish cities for the following seven years. In 1998 at the age of 22, she liberated herself from that life: At 24 she got on the path to further education, gaining a degree in journalism from Dublin City University, where she won the Hybrid Award for excellence in journalism. She speaks internationally on prostitution and sex-trafficking and volunteers to talk to young girls in residential care about the harms and dangers of prostitution. She lives in north Dublin. http://theprostitutionexperience.com This book is dedicated to my parents, who did the best they could, and to my aunt Margaret, without whom I simply would not have the life I have today. Sewers are necessary to guarantee the wholesomeness ofpalaces, according to the fathers ofthe Church. And it has often been remarked that the necessity exists of sacrificing one part ofthe female sex in order to save the other and prevent worse troubles ... a caste of 'shameless women' allows the 'honest woman' to be treated with the most chivalrous respect. The prostitute is a scapegoat; man vents his turpitude upon her, and he rejects her. Whether she is put legally under police supervision or works illegally in secret, she is in any case treated as a pariah. SIMONE DE BEAUVOIR, THE SECOND SEX ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I would like to thank my family, who have been a never-ending support 1h rough the writing ofthis book, especially my son who, in telling me to put my own name on it, showed himself to be more ofa man than many who are decades older than him. I'd like to thank my friends, who know who they are, and I'd like to thank Fergal Tobin, Nicki Howard and all of Ihe team at Gill & Macmillan, for believing in this book from the outset and for being a joy to work with. Also Deirdre O'Neill, who worked with me on the earlier drafts of this book, and Alison Walsh, who worked with me on the latter ones. I want to thank all the survivors of prostitution I have come to know, both in Ireland and abroad, for being there for me and for making me understand that they always will be. I'd like to thank Sarah Benson for the warmth of her friendship and Nusha Yonkova and Denise Charlton for their energy and commitment to the Turn Off The Red Light campaign. I'd like to thank Theo Dorgan and his partner Paula Meehan, for being so helpful and encouraging. I'd like to thank my aunt Theresa, for so many reasons, one ofwhich is that I'd never hear the end of it if I didn't! Finally, I'd like to say a special thanks to Kathleen Barry, for her own hooks on prostitution, which were so important to my understanding of the politics of what happened to me. I'd like to thank her also for her kindness and her guidance, and for cheering me on through every line. Chapter 1 '""'-'

ITHE FIRST QUESTION

What makes the simple act ofshaming or blaming people complicated is the knowledge that they each had a specific history, and the more we know about it, the easier it becomes to understand why they did what they did. RICHARD HOLLOWAY, GODLESS MORALITY T his book will not read in the style of a traditional memoir; it is not intended to. I have not written about prostitution with the sole focus on my own experience, because this issue is bigger than I am, and it is bigger than my place within it. My seven years in prostitution have brought me to the conviction that prostitution is also a collective, not a purely individual, experience. Therefore, I am writing this book in a manner that alternates between the personal and the universal. We women shared much more than our clients and our secrets. We shared an experience, the threads of which were so common that I have come to realise they form a pattern that makes up the basic shape of the prostitution experience. It presents a horribly ugly image. I pay no respect or accommodation to the glamorising or sensational.ising of prostitution. These are not true depictions of prostitution. They are not even caricatures; they couldn't be, because caricatures are nothing more than amplified truths, and glamour bears no resemblance to the truth here. My assessment of prostitution and my opinions of it I take from the years I spent enduring it and everything I ever saw, heard, felt, witnessed or otherwise experienced at that time. There was no glamour there. Not even the flicker of it. Not for any of us. There is always a first question asked of the prostituted or formerly prostituted woman. It is always the snmc one. People want to know: PAID FOR 'How did you get into it?' I believe it is the first question because humans are creatures in need ofthe comfort ofa linear trajectory, and it is difficult to answer because human lives are just not lived along those lines. Another problem with that question is that it can never be fully answered in the space ofone conversation, and certainly not in the space of one sentence, as it is asked. It is just too complex to condense without losing something vital ofthe answer. The truth is, there is no one reason, there is a web of reasons, and each part of it, each glimmering thread, is equally important to the overall balance of howyou got into prostitution. The purpose ofthis book is to take something bad and try to alchemise it into something good. The 'something good' here is in the sharing of this understanding for the benefit of those who want an awareness of it, but who have never and will never experience it for themselves. There is something good in that; I can sense it. There is something good in exposing prostitution for what it really is. It is the illumination that comes from shining a light in dark places. It is the essential honesty involved in showing the outlines as they truly are. Men who use prostitutes superimpose upon prostitution an image of it which to them is satisfactory, agreeable and pleasing. This image will vary from man to man. The only things which remain consistent are the fantasy element involved and the reality that shifting male perceptions do nothing to alter the experience of prostitution for the women involved. Their realities remain, concrete and immovable. It is my intention, with this book, to lay those realities before the reader. I do not expect any of this to be easy, because there is another reason why the answering of the 'first question' is particularly difficult: it is because it involves an unavoidable reaching into the self, a painful emotional excavation. The honest answering requires a feat ofpenetrative inward searching in areas you don't want to dig, precisely because you know what you will find. But as the most precious. artefacts are those which must be hollowed from the ground, the most valuable words are often those which must be laboriously quarried from the self. So I am going to have to be very thorough. I am going to have to dig. THE FIRST QUESTION 'lb go back to the start, to begin to answer that first question: my home life as a child was textbook dysfunctional. My parents were both patients of the local psychiatric hospital, St Brendan's. It is situated within walking distance of where we lived, in a council housing estate on the north side of Dublin city. HSE records show that my mother was 'thought to be schizophrenic' and that she was an out-patient ofthe hospital. My father was sometimes an out-patient, sometimes an in-patient, depending on how his manic depression was affecting him at any given time. They were also both in the grip of active addiction; my mother to prescription drugs, my father to the lure of compulsive gambling. I don't blame my parents and I know they weren't bad people, they were sick people. These facts are simply facts and I harbour no desire to play them for tears. I only record them here because they are central to an understanding of how I became involved in a harmful, depressing, destructive lifestyle that would have been scarcely imaginable to me the day before I first embarked upon it. I am writing this work as a person who is still in a stage of transition, working towards being secure with my place in society. It is a difficult journey, because it is not as ifi am going back anywhere; I am journeying towards somewhere I never was to begin with: our lives as children set us utterly apart from mainstream society and we were raised both painfully aware of it and numbly accepting of it. We understood it. It was our position in the world. My life as a child primed me for prostitution in that it primed me to continue to live outside the sphere of what was normal. Italso primed me for any other socially unacceptable or unusual pastime or pursuit; it just happened that several factors of timing and circumstance fell perfectly in place so that prostitution presented itself both as a solitary option and a viable one. I grew up feeling as though I was separated from the world and all its inhabitants as if by something absolutely solid, but which I could not see, smell, or touch. By the time I was a yuun~ tccna~cr in prostitution, this sense of disconnectedness from thr world oprrntrd 11o11tron~ly that PAID FOR themselves. As in any walk oflife, people influence each other and where there is present in the same community of people both the need for escapism and the constant example of it, the writing really is on the wall. Becoming drug or alcohol dependent further separates the working prostitute from 'average' society on an emotional and psychological level and, in a lot of cases, the substance dependence accelerates the degree of time a woman must give of herself to prostitution as the addiction increases in intensity and presents a hunger that only money can feed. The effect is obvious: prostitution has caused a practical barrier in the form of an addiction, which has the cumulative effect of forcing her further into prostitution and further away from mainstream society. The sense of 'otherness' for the woman ensnared in this lifestyle is so strong that she begins to regard herself as so utterly different from other members of society, that it does not feel possible or feasible on any level to partake in that society. By that I mean it does not feel possible to get a regular job, to undertake education, or sometimes even to form relationships with people outside her sphere of reality. It is not possible, while earning an illegal living, to honestly obtain a mortgage or business loan, etc., further removing her from the remit of what it is to be con.sidered a 'normal' functioning member of the public. I believe this is especially true in the case of someone such as myself, whose first regular income was from prostitution and therefore had experienced no other occupational reality. It was, I can attest, something I considered totally unimaginable, that I could ever be any kind of functioning part of the society I saw around me every day, and that was something that both caused and channelled a great deal of resentment on my part. If, while walking down to the red-light zone in the early evening, I saw a group of young women walking together in the uniform of one of the local banks (as often happened around the Baggot Street area) I would be struck by a great wave of jealousy and resentment that tore through me in a way I could scarcely justify or describe. I know today, at a distance of years and after a great deal of examining my own feelings, that I felt very keenly that THE FIRST QUESTION they were accepted members of a world I had been excluded from, and I absolutely hated them for it. I can testify that this sort ofresentment further excludes the prostitute, becausenotonlyisshenotpartofsociety,butshealsoregardsherselfatodds with it. Society, in turn, confirms the hostilities. Attitudes and opinions directed towards prostitutes are almost never positive. A prostitute is only accepted within the sphere of prostitution, so, paradoxically, she begins to feel safe in the place in which it is least safe to be. The years go by; her friendships with other women of her trade have become longer, therefore more solidified, and there is often no positive aspect to the companionship of other people that makes itself apparent to her. Personally I had a wider remit than that, and I am glad of it, but that sense of being closed off to those outside of prostitution did exist in me to some large degree and I witnessed its existence to a near total degree in others. After some years have passed, it suddenly occurs to you that you cannot explain those years in any sort ofofficial capacity. For example, if a working prostitute attempts to compile a cv, she'll quickly find herself staring at blank pages that are impossible to fill. She realises she has taken a road from which it is impossible to return. Somewhere along the path, when she wasn't even looking, a gate snapped shut behind her. It seems that now there is no way back. Besides being a criminal in the eyes of the law, she now finds that she cannot explain herself on any level to officialdom, so she is further removed from society and this has the effect of affirming and compounding what she has always felt; she is further separated and alone and apart, she is further depressed, she is further removed from the general public and the downward spiral continues, on and on and on. So really, because all these facets combine to create a sub-culture which she is now thoroughly a part of, because she now exists in the 'world' of prostitution, 'lifestyle' is an entirely more appropriate term than 'trade', and certainly more so than 'profession'. Luckily for me, my sense of personal identity must have been stronger than my sense of identification with the underbelly of society, PAID FOR even at the worst of times, either later, when I was an 'escort' and cocaine addict, or in my early teens on the streets and seeing a disgusting number of'clients' per week. Although I could not imagine being a part of the society around me, I had a very clear sense of who I was as an individual, and that was very fortunate for me because losing the sense of yourself, of who you actually are, is the easiest thing in the world for a prostitute. Apart from existing in a world that would have been previously unimaginable to you and the separation from your sense of self that inevitably comes with that, the battle is from without, as well as within, in that society conspires to convince you of your new status as an unworthy piece of shit. Slut, tramp, brazzer, whore . . . these terms apply to you now in the most authentic sense of their meanings and it is easy to become separated from who you are, to forget who you were; and of course you can trace the trajectory ofthe transition, but you can never take back the person you were before that evil evolution took place. The sad thing is the social stain that is left upon you, but the important thing is to remember that it really only exists in the perceptions ofpeople; and so if you can manage to read the perceptions of others as of little value to you, and you can undertake the more difficult task of nullifying negative perceptions of your own, then it is possible to come out the other side of prostitution and at least make some decent effort at taking back what is left of who you were. Those remnants, unfortunately, can be hard to find, and more difficult still to identify upon recovering. I spent seven years in prostitution and I've been fourteen years out of it now, but though I'm out of it twice as long as I was in it, it is still, unavoidably, one of the clearest, most formative �periences of my life. It shapes and forms you in particular ways. This is a hard thing to acknowledge for someone who doesn't wish to be defined by that experience, but if somebody who has been through this has any wish to be honest about its consequences, an acceptance of that fact is paramount. It was a university of sorts. I learned a lot, probably more than I'm aware of. I honed abilities that I was previously unaware even existed, THE FIRST QUESTION and which I still use, often semi -consciously, to this day. The knack of getting a man off as quickly as possible (though hardly a skill), was one of the first things you learned, for the simple fact that time was money and the quicker a man climaxed, the quicker you could move on the next man and the next man's money. This is an awareness you would acquire with regular clients, whose sexual penchants you were used to. I have no need to do that today. The act ofsex with somebody you love and the act ofsex within the punter/prostitute dynamic are about as different as it is possible to imagine. In fact, I doubt it would be imaginable for someone who hadn't experienced the depth of that distinction. I know I couldn't have dreamt it, before I had experienced it for myself. Another of the things I acquired through prostitution was a much.heightened sense of people's intentions. That has served me well, both in and out of prostitution. It has also changed me, and served as a reminder of how I am changed. This was not a benign alteration, and the road to that change was a long one. It began not with the first time I performed sex for money, but with the dysfunction of my family. The next steps on that road were educational disadvantage and adolescent homelessness. It is a familiar story in prostitution. It is the most common one I have ever known. I will detail my experience of it now, and you can believe that the stories of innumerable others are echoed within it. Before I do though, I will explain my decision to write the book in my own name. I wavered between writing this book anonymously and in my own name for a long time. I considered the issue of anonymity and I wondered: if secrecy and shame are the threads woven together to make up the fabric of this
garment, and secrecy dissipates upon disclosure, does the garment itself disintegrate? Will revealing my identity possibly, in any way, free me of shame? Would that it might, but shame exposed is not shame dispersed. In my darker moments I think identifying myself will only change the texture ofthis garment and have it emerge in a new incarnation, a single-threaded fabric, consisting simply of shame which has been laid bare. Which is true? Maybe both are, and it is a pointless wondering. I could never get comfortable with the idea of writing this book anonymously though. I felt that to write it publicly was simply to share the shame between myself and my son and the rest of our family, yet I could find no peace in anonymity, so, for a long time, I was troubled. I just wanted to tell the truth, but how could I consider my account truthful if it were stamped on the cover page with a name that was not my own? Would I not have been guilty of presenting its readers with a dishonesty before they'd even opened the first page? Publishing this account under a pseudonym felt to me for a long time as though I had accepted the challenge of telling the truth and failed at the first hurdle. I resented it. I resented it dreadfully. Over and over I paired my first name together with a multitude of surnames in an effort to find a pseudonym. I did this because I thought ifI kept my first name, I wouldn't feel so badly about not being able to publish it under my full name. It didn't work, and on reflection, why should it? My first name paired with any other is still not my name. I felt there was no arguing with the necessity of a pseudonym, and yet there was no end to that nagging conviction that to have my account published under any name, would be to not bear witness fully, to not own my account fully. I could find no peace in being represented by any of these names. What to do about that? Eventually an answer came. I would use my partner's surname. The moment he suggested it, I knew it was the only name in the world I would not resent on the cover of this book. So there it was, and that was fine, except he and I broke up during the writing of the book and I was.back to square one, wondering what to call myself. I decided to end the mental struggle and to choose a name that expressed qualities I liked. Queen Maeve was an Irish warrior queen, and I know that the truths I'm presenting here will fly in the face of a lot of the nonsense that's circulated about prostitution, so I felt I could do with a bit of her energy. Also, folklore has it that Queen Maeve once demanded an interlude during battle because she got her period. She was not prepared, even by nature itself, to be put at an unfair disadvantage to the men. I liked her style. I've always thought the surname Conway had a certain melodic ring to it and felt it sat nicely with Maeve. I found, when looking up the meaning of 'Conway', that it had two possible meanings, one being 'fearsome warrior', so the names seemed to fit well together. Yet, even though I'd settled on a pseudonym, that did not quell certain fears of mine about making these truths public. If examining the truth about prostitution has been one type of pain, laying these truths before the public is another. This former type of pain has accompanied me constantly through every line I've written and it will only leave after I've typed the last full stop. Thinking about actually publishing the book, laying these truths before the public, is a different kind of pain and it is made up of different components; there is a constant low.level negative feeling, the fears and paranoia of being exposed. There is a sense of defensiveness, the expectation of being judged. There is, of course, shame. Todaythat feels as if it is abating, but not all days are like this one, and shame, I have come to find, is more stubborn than grief. Shame does not ebb away slowly over time; it sometimes hides its face for a while, seeming to slink out of sight, only to stride purposefully hack out of the shadows and onto the centre-stage of your life, as real and alive as it was the first day you saw it. Grief can and does pull this nasty little stunt too, but it has not the persistence or longevity ofshame. I imagine shame to wear a mask, like something you'd see at If allowe' en. Its image is always ugly. I cannot see it very clearly today, but I know that does not mean it has gone away. I have decided not to wear a mask here, not even one I like in some ways, because to take my mask ofT is my way of confronting shame and daring it to do the same thing. That is why I've decided to tell the world that my name is Rachel Moran. Chapter 2 C'-' CHILDHOOD SOCIAL EXCLUSION We know the world only through our relationship to it. DR M SCOTT PECK, THE ROAD LESS TRAVELLED T here were significant world events that occurred during a time when I would have been old enough to comprehend and remember them, but I never did, because ofmy separation from societv. hoth 11 practical and literal. Two good examples would be ~L r_ .. '~� � 1' �in Wall and the end of apartheid in South Africa. Even now, after all these years, I find myself making excuses. Why do I not remember the fall of the Berlin Wall? Do I not remember it was all over the television and it was all anybody could talk about? How come I don't remember the end of apartheid? Don't I remember how we Irish played our part in applying international pressure against it? Don't I remember the anti-apartheid workers' strike at Dunnes Stores? Those are the kind ofquestions a person in my position dreads, because the truthful answers are banging around in our heads, much louder than the lies we use to conceal them. Here are those truths: I do not remember the end of apartheid because in 1993 I was busy working as a prostitute and developing a drug problem. I was living a lifestyle wholly outside of communal norms and felt neither welcome nor inclined to participate in society on almost any level. Foreign politics was a long long way from the conversations we prostitutes would have among us and buying newspapers and watching the news was something that simply wouldn't have occurred to me, or to most of us, in those times. Is it any wonder? Why would anyone wish to engage with a world that collectively shunned them? I do not remember the fall of the Berlin Wall because, though we had a working television in the house at that time, on 9 November 1989, when the Wall came down, my father had been dead less than a week and my mother's schizophrenia was on a startling upswing. My father had committed suicide by throwing himself from the fourth floor of a block of flats and my mother had reacted in a manner that was creepy and horrifying: she was pleased about it. I was too disturbed and stunned to have any time for what might be happening elsewhere in the world. I could only just keep my wits about me enough to concentrate on what was going on inside our own front door. My mother had taken to dancing, literally dancing, in a crazed untrained tap-step all about the house, singing and laughing about the wonderful new freedom afforded by her recent widowhood. Please forgive the tone of bitterness, I do not know how to erase it, but that is the 'liberation' I remember from the week that saw the collapse of the Berlin Wall. �.]king about here is familial dysfunction and the way in which it can separate you from the world, and can lead to social exclusion. It is such a short leap from one to the other that it is easy to confuse the two. In fact, there is no leaping involved; they literally blend into each other as they overlap. Familial dysfunction breeds social exclusion in the most thorough and painstakingly meticulous manner I can imagine, because it takes each child born into that household and schools them all the moments of their life to understand and accept that they and the world they occupy are wholly separate and apart. I have heard a lot of nonsense spoken about how children 'don't know any better'. Children do know better, and they know better in a hundred ways and for a thousand reasons. You actually come to your first consciousness, as a toddler in a dysfunctional home, with the Sl'nse that this home is different from others. In my family's case, we t'ncountered practical examples of our own poverty every day and we knew from the earliest age that it set us apart from those around us. Also, occasionally the world outside our community would intrude upon our lives to confirm the fact. For example, that happened every yt� in the form of the budget. My mother would be interested in two things: would there be a rise in the cost of tobacco? And would there be a rise in the rate of social welfare? She was not interested in petrol prices because she couldn't dream of owning a car, even if she could drive, which she couldn't. She was not interested in anything to do with interest rates or mortgages, because she couldn't conceive of owning her own home. She was not interested in the tax rates that affected those in employment because her husband was almost always out of work and since she'd had her children she'd never had a job; nor was she interested in policies that affected trade, commerce or the business world because she was an uneducated housewife from the disadvantaged classes and inhabited an entirely different sphere of reality. Most of what was discussed was not relevant to us and never had been. The budget was just another way of officialdom reminding us that we were different. So our status in society was very clear to us, even as very young children. Our situation as the offspring in a family with mentally ill people at the helm was equally clear. Mental illness on the scale that afflicted my parents would be impossible not to be aware of, even at the youngest age, and most especially in the case of my mother. My father's manic depression meant that he would often, for extended periods, sink into a very morose state where he'd simply sit and stare at nothing for long stretches of time and I knew that this was not normal. I'd never seen any adult, besides my mother, do that. Otherwise, her illness was altogether different and I was acutely aware of the differences in their behaviour. Her illness would actually be impossible not to detect, even for the youngest ofyoung children, because it involved such fantastical breaks from reality. Her delusions would involve supposed occurrences that couldn't possibly have happened, things that broke the laws of nature; gravity, for example. It was very clear to me that she was someone who saw things that didn't happen. What was also very clear was that other adults did not discuss these things, so obviously they were people who did not experience things unless they had happened. The disparity between the behaviour of my mother and that of the teachers at school (who really were the only other consistent example of adulthood we had during our childhoods) was so cavernously wide as to be indisputable evidence that there was something wrong with her; but I had known even before I'd had the example of other adults that there was something wrong with our mother. Her descent into illness escalated very rapidly in my early years and I clearly remember asking her one day when she was going to get better. She looked at me in a manner that was wide-eyed and innocent and slightly perplexed, as if she wondered where I might have gotten such an idea. She told me that she was not sick. That was the day I realised my mother was sick but was unaware of it. I don't know for certain how old I was that day, but we had that conversation in the sitting room in my grandfather's city-centre flat and we moved out of there when I was f(mr years old. My mother's twelve-year addiction to the prescription tranquiliser Magadan, in tandem with her untreated schizophrenia, produced symptoms and behavi~urs that would have been impossible to mistake for anything other than a severe form of sickness. I knew it was not normal for her to lie in bed until 6 p.m. each and every evening of her life. This she put down to insomnia; in fact, it was just one of the many symptoms of mental illness combined with addiction. There are a million little ways to feel socially excluded as a child. Here arc some of my memories ofthat: never having a pencil in school, always having to borrow one, or if I did have one, it being about an inch-and.a-half long, chewed to bits and the subject of mockery and derision; rarely having a book; always having to share someone else's or 'look in' as the teacher would say, and battling feelings of humiliation and Ihe conviction that I was intruding and regarded as a nuisance; never having any knickers to wear and hoping, especially in the school yard, that nobody had any cause to find out; never having any socks; wearing my father's, which would be doubled over to compensate for their size and withering with shame in PE when I had to take my shoes off. Having to answer the teacher when she asked me in front of the whole class why I wasn't wearing my school jumper in the middle of January, when the truth was I hadn't got one; and, if I was late and knew all eyes would be on me, counting backwards from ten outside the classroom door because it helped to steel myself against the shame of being stared at. All of these things caused me to understand that I was separate and apart from my classmates. OfcourseI couldn'tapplythe correcttermsto whatwas happeningto me then. All I knew was that I was regarded as different in my neighbourhood and different in my school, for obviously justifiable reasons. I saw that the situation was wrong, and I was right in thinking that it was; but my mistake was in believing that I was part of that wrongness. There would come a time in my adult life when I'd study criminology and sociology, but I had lived these things long before I'd ever read about them. Later, studying those subjects in an environment that was so detached and divorced from them, was a strange and surreal experience. I know that my own journeyinto prostitution was stronglyencouraged by economic deprivation and social disadvantage. These lacks generally affect males and females slightly differently. While they will strongly encourage both genders into a life ofcriminality, the exact type of crime will often differ along gender lines. Men, in my experience, are more likely to become drug dealers, women drug couriers. Where theft is concerned males are more likely to become armed robbers, whereas the majority of shoplifters I've known have been female. As gender differences relate to prostitution, men are far more likely to be found attempting to control and profit from it by taking on the role of pimps than they are likely to sell their own bodies. I have witnessed in others levels of destitution and economic lack that could, in my opinion, justify criminality having been breathed