On Monsters: An Unnatural History of Our Worst Fears (65 page)

embellishment of monster tales,
22
–23

and hedonism,
52
–54

and heroics,
23
–25

and human psyche,
52
–54,
55
–60

liminal beings,
39
–42

origin theories,
45
–49

and perception theories,
49
–50

races of monsters,
36
–38

and teleology,
42
–45,
48
–49

See also specific monsters

Andrews, Roy Chapman,
28

androgyny,
42

angst,
185
–186,
194
.
See also
fear

animals,
80
,
221
–222,
272
–273

animal sacrifices,
39

animation,
151
–153

Annas, Julia,
59

anomalous structures,
164
–165,
166

Anthony, of Egypt, Saint,
79
,
103
–107,
105

Anthropophagi,
88

Antipodes,
78

anti-Semitism

and Freud,
209

and medieval Christianity,
90

of Nazis,
235
,
238
–239

portrayed in film,
235

and sexual repression,
216
,
217

apes,
150

Apocalypse, biblical,
67
–71,
124

apocalyptic groups,
70

appetites,
52
–54

Appolonius,
28

arachnophobia,
3
–4,
4

Arendt, Hannah,
244

Arimaspea
(Aristeas),
28

Arimaspeans,
28
,
30
,
88

Aristeas,
27
–28,
128

Aristotle

on Bolinthus,
32
–33

on essential forms,
46
,
47
,
48

on manticores,
33
,
34

on mimesis,
34
–35

naturalist approach of,
156

on origins of monsters,
45
–49

on souls,
80

arrested development,
169

arrogance,
73

artificial intelligence,
258
,
267
–269

Artificial Life
(Levy),
259
–260

artificial selection,
168
,
187
,
272
–273

Ashley (“pillow angel”),
269

Asia and Asians,
14
,
37
–38,
85

Asimov, Isaac,
258

Aslan, Reza,
248

Asma, David,
10
–11

atavisms,
169

Athanasius,
106
–107

atheism,
164
,
165

Athenian Mercury
,
83

atomists,
49
–50

attraction to monsters,
5
–7

Augustine, Saint, Archbishop of Canterbury

on Cyclopes,
77

on giants,
72
,
74
–75

on Ham and Noah,
85

on monsters as God’s will,
76

on Pliny the Elder,
33

on reproduction with spirits,
112

on souls,
79
,
83

Augustus, Emperor of Rome,
30
–31,
39

Azmeh, Aziz,
92

Babel, tower of,
73
,
85

Babylon,
69

baby stealing,
110
,
112

Bacon, Francis,
123
,
127

Baer, Karl Ernst von,
45

Banks, Sir Joseph,
132

Barker, Clive,
185

Barnum, P. T.,
123
,
135
–140,
139

Barnum’s Grand Scientific and Musical

Theatre,
136

Barton, Carlin,
40

Barton, Otis,
2
–3

Bates, Norman,
195

Baudelaire, Charles,
xv

Baudolino
(Eco),
77
–78

beaked monsters,
27
–30,
29

Beal, Timothy K.,
63
,
66
,
188

Bearded Lady,
137

Beart, Paul,
204
,
221

Beast from Book of Revelation,
69
,
70

Beatie, Thomas,
270

Beebe, William,
2
–3

Behemoth,
64
,
65
,
65
–66

Being and Time
(Heidegger),
185

belief,
36

Benedict XVI, Pope,
250

Bengali Boy,
155

Beowulf
(film),
95
,
100
–101

Beowulf
(literature),
23
,
94
–102,
252
,
281

Beowulf and Grendel
(film),
100

bestiality,
145

Beyond Good and Evil
(Nietzsche),
101

Bhagavad Gita
,
66

Bible,
63
–73

and accomplices of God,
63
–67

and Apocalypse,
67
–71,
124

Book of Daniel,
66
–67,
68
–69

Book of Enoch,
63
,
72

Book of Genesis,
72
,
74

Book of Revelation,
66
–71,
70

and Flood,
72
,
74
,
75

giants in (nephilim),
72
–73,
74
–75,
76

humility-emphasis of,
99

monsters in,
64
–67,
65
,
127
–128

and science,
148
–149

symbolism in,
65
,
66
,
67
–69,
73

and unicorns,
129

See also specific individuals

Bin Laden, Osama,
248
,
250
,
250
,
283

biometrics,
222

biotechnology,
269
–274

birth defects,
5
–6,
6
,
76
,
146

The Birth of a Nation,
233

births, monstrous,
142
–146

bison,
33

black-skinned people,
232
–234,
236
–237

Blackwell, Brian,
211

Blade Runner,
221

Blemmyae (race of headless men)

Augustine on,
77

and Christianity,
88

depiction of,
78

in literature,
78
,
131
–132,
140

and rise of science,
129

blob monsters,
184

blood,
184
,
193

Blood Rites
(Ehrenreich),
24

Blue Velvet
,
193

body plans,
157
–159,
169
,
178

Bolinthus,
32
–33

Bolton, Terrell,
204

bones, monstrous,
30
–32

Book of Daniel,
66
–67,
68
–69

Book of Enoch,
63
,
72

Book of Genesis,
72
,
74

Book of Imaginary Beings
(Borges),
44
–45

Book of Revelation,
66
–71,
70
,
124

Borges, Jorge Luis,
44
–45,
185

Bostrom, Nick,
261
,
276

brainless fetuses,
160

Bram Stoker’s Dracula
,
195

Branch Davidians,
70

Bridgewater Treatises,
164
,
165

Brisson, Luc,
42

Brodsky, David P.,
226
–227

The Brood
,
201

Browne, Thomas,
127
,
244

Browning, Tod,
140

Bruno, Giordano,
107
–108

Buffy the Vampire Slayer
,
195

Bullock, Dave,
259

Bundy, Ted,
245

Bunker, Chang,
137

Bunker, Eng,
137

Burton, Tim,
193

Bush, George W.,
245
,
248
,
281

Byron, George Gordon, Baron,
152

The Cabinet of Jan Svankmajer
,
194

caimans,
132

Cain (biblical),
88
–90,
95
,
96
,
98
,
101

California,
228

“The Call of Cthulhu” (Lovecraft),
184
–185

Cambodia,
7
–9,
8

Cameron, James,
257

Camoudi snakes (anacondas),
132

cannibalism,
195
,
278

Canon Episcopi
,
115

capitalism,
243

Carr, Robert,
232
–233

Carrol, Sean B.,
178

Carroll, Noel,
184
,
192

Cartesian model,
236
,
238

Caspian Mountains,
90

castration anxiety,
190

category jamming,
184

catharsis,
196
–197,
201

Catholic Church.
See
Roman Catholic

Church cats, predatory,
24

Caverly, John,
208

centaurs

as liminal beings,
40
,
125

Lucretius on,
47
,
50

as omen,
44
–45,
48

CGI characters,
191

Chambers, Raymond Wilson,
98

chance,
165

Chase, Anthony,
216

Chicago, Illinois,
246
–247

children,
209
–210,
269
–270,
273
–274

chimeras,
40

chimpanzees,
239
–240

China,
5
–6,
11
,
14

Chinguo, Stanislaus,
278

Cho, Seung-Hui,
205

Chomsky, Noam,
236

Christianity

and
Beowulf
,
97
–98

and cross symbol,
105

demons and devils of,
13
,
64
,
68
,
106

and desire,
117

and genealogy of monsters,
84
–86

and hell,
71

and heresy,
107
–108

and heroics,
99
,
102

humility-emphasis of,
99
–100

and Jews,
90
–91

and Judgement Day,
100

and monster killers,
99
–100

and monstrous human races,
37

and Muslims,
241

persecution of Christians,
67
–68

and Resurrection,
83

on souls of monsters,
79
–83

and xenophobia,
86
–87

See also
Bible

Christopher, Saint,
81

The City of God
(Augustine),
77
,
86

civilizations, monstrous,
240
–244

Clark, William,
32

clash of civilizations,
240
,
248

classicism,
51

Cleaver, Eldridge,
246

Clinton, Hillary,
281

cloning,
189
–190

cockroaches,
263

coelacanth,
2

Collins, Francis,
274

Colossus: The Forbin Project,
267

Columbine massacre,
204
,
205

Columbus, Christopher,
91

communism,
243

compassion,
224

Confessions
(Augustine),
79

conjoined twins,
157
,
174

Alberch on,
173

Chang and Eng Bunker,
137

as expression of God’s will,
76

Lazarus and Baptista,
83
,
84

souls of,
83

conscience,
188
–189,
210
,
220

consumerism,
241
,
243

contingency,
165

Cope, Edward Drinker,
237

cosmetic procedures,
262
,
265
–266,
276
–277

cosmic fear,
185
,
186
,
191
,
192
,
193
,
194

Council of Constance,
107

Crane, Stephen,
231
–233

Craven, Wes,
183

creationism,
164
,
168
,
178
–179

credulity,
32
–36

Bacon on,
127

of Barnum’s audience,
136

in Doran’s model,
130
–132,
140

and paleontology,
279

Crimes and Misdemeanors
,
281

criminal monsters,
203
–228

aggression and rage,
208
–212

and causes of psychopathology,
223
–226