Nine Algorithms That Changed the Future: The Ingenious Ideas That Drive Today's Computers (32 page)

relevance

repetition trick

replica; master

replicated database.
See
database

Republican

resolution

restart probability

right-click

Rivest, Ronald

robotics

Rockefeller Foundation

roll back.
See
transaction root CA

round

router

Royal Institution Christmas Lectures

RSA; factoring and; quantum computers and; security of.
See also
clock size

run-length encoding

same-as-earlier trick

sample

San Francisco

satellite

screen.
See also
monitor

search engine.
See
web

search sector size

secure communication

secure hash.
See
cryptographic hash function

security.
See also
digital signature; RSA

select operation

server;

secure

SHA

Shakespeare, William

Shamir, Adi

Shannon, Claude

Shannon-Fano coding

shared secret; definition of; length of

shared secret mixture

shorter-symbol trick

signature: digital (
see
digital signature); handwritten

Silicon Valley

simple checksum.
See
checksum

simulation: of the brain; of random surfer

Singh, Simon

SizeChecker.exe

Sloane, N. J. A.

smartphone.
See
phone snoop

social network

software; download; reliability of; signed

software engineering

sources

spam.
See also
web spam

speech recognition

spirituality

spreadsheet

SQL

staircase checksum.
See
checksum

Stanford University

Star Trek

statistics

Stein, Clifford

stochastic gradient descent

Strohman, Trevor

structure: in data; in a web page.
See also
database, table structure query

sunglasses problem.
See
neural network supercomputer

support vector machine

surfer authority score

symbol

table.
See
database, table; virtual table

tag

Tale of Two Cities
, A

target value

Taylor, A. J. P.

TCP

telegraph

telephone.
See
phone

terminate

theology

Thompson, Thomas M.

threshold; soft

title: of this book; of a web page

to-do list

to-do list trick

Tom Sawyer

training.
See also
learning

training data

transaction: abort; atomic; in a database; on the internet; rollback

travel agent

Traveling Salesman Problem

trick, definition of

TroubleMaker.exe

Turing, Alan

Turing machine

Turing test

TV

Twain, Mark

twenty questions, game of

twenty-questions trick

two-dimensional parity.
See
parity

two-phase commit

U.S. Civil War

Ullman, Jeffrey D.

uncomputable.
See also
undecidable

undecidable.
See
also
uncomputable

undefined

unicycle

universe

unlabeled

Vazirani, Umesh

verification

Verisign

video

video game

virtual table

virtual table trick

Waters, Alice

web.
See
World Wide

Web web browser.
See
browser

web search; algorithms for; engine; history of; market share; in practice.
See also
indexing; matching; PageRank; ranking

web server.
See
server

web spam

WebDB conference

website; secure

weight

Whitman, Walt

Wichita, Kansas

Widom, Jennifer

WINWORD.EXE

word processor

word-location trick

World Trade Center

World Wide Web;

conference

Wozniak, Steve

write-ahead log

write-ahead logging

Wyner, A. D.

Yahoo

yes-no program.
See
computer program

YesOnSelf.exe

zero, division by

zero-knowledge protocol

ZIP file

Ziv, Jacob