Karl Marx (54 page)
Authors: Francis Wheen
361.
‘
If I denied everything that has been said and written of me …
’
Chicago Tribune
, 5 January 1879.
361.
‘
I do not reply to pinpricks …
’ Letter from KM to Ferdinand Domela Nieuwenhuis, 22 February 1881.
361.
‘
He is a short, rather small man …
’ Letter from Sir Mountstuart Elphinstone Grant Duff MP to the Crown Princess Victoria, 1 February 1879; first printed in ‘A Meeting with Karl Marx’,
Times Literary Supplement
, 15 July 1949.
363.
‘
He found an exact description of his anxieties …
’ See ‘Karl Marx. Persönliche Erinnerungen’ by Paul Lafargue,
Die Neue Zeit
, Vol. IX, pt 1 (1890–1), translated in
KMIR
, p. 73; also ‘Karl Marx and the Promethean Complex’ by Lewis S. Feuer,
Encounter
, Vol. XXXI, No. 6 (December 1968), p. 15.
363.
‘
Dear Sir, I thank you for the honour …
’ Letter from Charles Darwin to KM, 1 October 1873.
364.
‘
Although it is developed in the crude English style …
’ Letter from KM to FE, 19 December 1860.
364.
‘
Darwin’s book is very important …
’ Letter from KM to Lassalle, 16 January 1861.
364.
‘
It represents a
very significant
advance over Darwin …
’ Letter from KM to FE, 7 August 1866.
365.
‘
Dear Sir, I am much obliged for your kind letter …
’ Letter from Charles Darwin to Edward Aveling, 13 October 1880. This and Darwin’s letter of October 1873 can be found in the IISH, Amsterdam. Both have identical blotches where someone – probably Aveling himself – has spilled ink over them; since the marks are slightly fainter on the Marx letter one deduces that the documents were together on his desk, with the 1880 letter on top, when the accident happened. For more on the Marx – Darwin myth, see the following: ‘The Contacts Between Karl Marx and Charles Darwin’ by Ralph Colp Jr.,
Journal of the History of Ideas
, Vol. XXXV, No. 2 (April – June 1974), pp. 329–338); ‘Did Marx Offer to Dedicate
Capital
to Darwin?’ by Margaret A. Fay,
Journal of the History of Ideas
, Vol. XXXIX, No. 1 (January – March 1978), pp. 133–146; ‘The Case of the “Darwin – Marx” Letter’ by Lewis S.
Feuer,
Encounter
, Vol. LI, No. 4 (October 1978), pp. 62–77; ‘Marx and Darwin: A Literary Detective Story’ by Margaret A. Fay,
Monthly Review
(NY), Vol. 31, No. 10 (March 1980), pp. 40–57; ‘The Myth of the Darwin – Marx Letter’ by Ralph Colp Jr.,
History of Political Economy
(Duke University, North Carolina), Vol. 14, No. 4 (Winter 1982), pp. 461–481.
366.
‘
Darwin declined the honour in a polite, cautiously phrased letter …
’ From
Karl Marx
by Isaiah Berlin (Thornton Butterworth, London, 1939), p. 218.
367.
‘
Marx’s dedication of
Capital
to Darwin was evidently made tongue in cheek …
’ From ‘From Hoax to Dogma: A Footnote on Marx and Darwin’ by Shlomo Avineri,
Encounter
, Vol. XXVIII (March 1967), pp. 30–32.
368.
‘
unlike Marx, Darwin was a genuine scientist …
’
Spectator
, 17 October 1998.
369.
‘
Though Marx has lived much in England …
’ From ‘Karl Marx and German Socialism’ by John Macdonnell,
Fortnightly Review
, 1 March 1875.
369.
‘
We are much obliged by your letter …
’ Letter from Macmillan & Co. (London) to Professor Carl Schorlemmer, 25 May 1883.
369.
‘
Is there no hope of it being translated?
’ Letter from Robert Banner to KM, 6 December 1880.
370.
‘
Accustomed as we are nowadays, especially in England, to fence always with big soft buttons …
’ From
The Record of an Adventurous Life
by H. M. Hyndman (Macmillan, London, 1911), pp. 271–2.
370.
‘
out of spite against the world because he was not included in the Cambridge eleven …
’ See
The Proud Tower: A Portrait of the World Before the War, 1890–1914
by Barbara Tuchman (Macmillan, London, 1980), p. 360.
370.
‘
Our method of talking was peculiar …
’ Hyndman, p. 273.
371.
‘
laughing when anything struck him as particularly comic …
’ From ‘My Recollections of Karl Marx’ by Marian Comyn in
Nineteenth Century and After
(London, 1922), pp. 161 ff.
371.
‘
We were invaded by Hyndman and his wife …
’ Letter from KM to Jenny Longuet, 11 April 1881.
372.
‘
Ernest Belfort Bax, born in 1854 …
’ See
The Victorian Encounter with Marx: A Study of Ernest Belfort Bax
by John Cowley (British Academic Press, London & New York, 1992).
373.
‘
Now this is the first publication of that kind …
’ Letter from KM to Friedrich Adolphe Sorge, 15 December 1881.
373.
‘
The visit is proving especially beneficial to Marx …
’ Letter from FE to Johann Philipp Becker, 17 August 1880.
373.
‘
Dear, good Doctor, I should so like to live a little longer …
’ Quoted in
Eleanor Marx
, Vol. 1, by Yvonne Kapp (Lawrence & Wishart, London, 1972), pp. 215–16.
374.
‘
The worst is that Mrs Marx’s state becomes daily more dangerous …
’ Letter from KM to Nikolai Danielson, 19 February 1881.
374.
‘
for my own part I prefer the “manly” sex for children …
’ Letter from
KM
to Jenny Longuet, 29 April 1881.
375.
‘
Between ourselves, my wife’s illness is, alas, incurable …
’ Letter from
KM
to Friedrich Adolph Sorge, 20 June 1881.
375.
‘
Jennychen’s asthma is bad …
’ Letter from KM to FE, 9 August 1881.
375.
‘
She has been eating next to nothing for weeks …
’ Letter from KM to FE, 18 August 1881.
376.
‘
drawing closer to its consummation …
’ Letter from KM to Karl Kautsky, 1 October 1881.
376.
‘
If any one outside event has contributed …
’ Letter from FE to Eduard Bernstein, 30 November 1881.
376.
‘
We are no such
external
people!
’ See letter from KM to Jenny Longuet, 7 December 1881.
378.
‘
A ferryman is ready and waiting, with his small boat …
’ Letter from KM to Laura Lafargue, 13 and 14 April 1882.
378.
‘
a big man in every way, with a very large head …
’ The woman was Virginia Bateman, mother of the novelist Compton Mackenzie. Her reminiscences can be found in
My Life and Times
by Compton Mackenzie (London, 1968), Vol. VII, p. 181.
379.
‘
What I write and tell the children is the truth …
’ Letter from KM to FE, 20 May 1882.
379.
‘
To no one in the world would I wish the tortures …
’ Letter from Jenny Longuet to Eleanor Marx, 8 November 1882.
380.
‘
This, then, is most encouraging …
’ Letter from KM to Laura Lafargue, 14 December 1882.
380.
‘
touch the movements of the mucus …
’ Letter from KM to Dr James M. Williamson, 6 January 1883. See also
Prometheus Bound: Karl Marx on the Isle of Wight
by Dr A. E. Lawrence and Dr A. N. Insole (Isle of Wight County Council Cultural Services Department, Newport, 1981).
380.
‘
I have lived many a sad hour, but none so sad as that …
’ From
RME
, p. 128.
381.
‘
is still not really making the progress it should …
’ Letter from FE to August Bebel, 7 March 1883.
381.
‘
Mankind is shorter by a head …
’ Letter from FE to Friedrich Adolph Sorge, 15 March 1883.
382.
‘
The death is announced of Dr Karl Marx …
’
Daily News
(London), 17 March 1883.
382.
‘
Capital
, unfinished as it is, will beget a host of smaller books …
’
Pall Mall Gazette
, 16 March 1883.
382.
‘
The talk was of the world, and of man, and of time …
’
New York Sun
, 6 September 1880.
The pagination of this electronic edition does not match the edition from which it was created. To locate a specific passage, please use the search feature of your e-book reader’s search tools.
Aberdare, Lord 332–3
Allgemeine Literatur-Zeitung
86–7
Anneke, Friedrich 134–6
Annenkov, Pavel 103, 105
Arnim, Bettina von 50
‘A Short Sketch of an Eventful Life’ (J. Marx) 174–5
Aveling, Edward B. 367–8, 385–6
Avineri, Professor Shlomo 276–7, 367
Babeuf, Gracchus 98
Bachmann, Dr Carl Friedrich 33
Bakunin, Michael 64, 67, 314–20, 324–5, 332, 338–43, 345–7
Bartels, Adolphe 270–1
Barthélemy, Emmanuel 165
Bauer, Bruno 27, 31–2, 34–5, 40, 56–7, 86, 94, 112
Bauer, Edgar 75, 86, 256–7
Bauer, Heinrich 98
Bauer, Louis 153
Bax, Ernest Belfort 372–3
Becker, Hermann 137
Berlin, Isaiah 366–7
Bernays, Karl Ludwig 67
Bleak House
(Dickens) 149–51
Blind, Karl 238–9
Blos, Wilhelm 46
Börnstein, Henrich 67
Brandenburg, Count 141
Burns, Lydia 261–2, 349
Burns, Mary 12, 81, 261–5
Capital
(Marx) 155
birth of 166, 188–9, 227, 254–5, 259, 287, 289–90, 294–5
criticised 299–312
Darwin’s opinion of 363–9
dedication 267, 365–9
Engels influence on 82–3, 267
English translations of 369–70, 385
influence of English economists upon 304
influence of literary fiction upon 304–11
KM finishes Volume One 298–9
plagiarised 371–2
Theories of Surplus Value 308–10
Volume II & III published 385
Carr, E. H. 157, 316, 319
Carter, James 288
Carver, Professor Terrell 173–4
Chartism 81, 132 195–6
Claflin, Tennessee 337
Cologne Workers’ Association 133–4, 139, 165–6
Colonel Bangya 185, 188
Communist Correspondence Committee 103, 109–113
Communist League 112, 116–19, 128, 130–1, 133–4, 151, 153, 165–6, 186, 191, 196–7, 239–40, 269
Communist Manifesto, The
(Marx & Engels) celebrates the bourgeoisie 120–22, 240
compared with ‘Demands of the Communist Party in Germany’ 129–30
comparisons with Capital 305–6
concluding threat 4
contemporary resonance 124
criticisms of 122
early versions of 115–19
Engels contribution to 116–19
first English translation 197
inconsistencies in 132–3
parallels with earlier works 59
plagiarised 252
reception in England 255
style 115–19, 123–4
Condition of the Working Class in England, The
(Engels) 81–2, 91, 304
Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy
(Marx) 229–38, 259, 271
Cremer, Randal 280–1, 283–4, 287–8
d’Agoult, Comtesse Marie 66
Daily Telegraph
242–3, 248
Dana, Charles 186
Darwin, Charles 363–9
Demuth, Helene 91, 123, 127, 170–6, 221, 375, 381, 385
Demuth, Henry Frederick 171–6, 386
Deutsche-Brüsseler-Zeitung
118, 125–6
Deutsche-Französische Jahrbücher
48, 54, 62, 64–6, 75
Deutsche Jahrbücher
36, 45, 47, 48
Dickens, Charles 149–51
Dolleschall, Laurenz 45–6
Dronke, Ernst 130–1, 136, 138
Duff, Sir Mountstuart Elphinstone Grant 361–3
Duncker, Franz 231–2, 233, 235
Eccarius, Johann Georg 276–8, 298
Engels, Frederick
attempts to raise publicity for
Capital
313
becomes a solider 147
carnal appetite 110–11, 161, 261–5
cavalier 226–7
character 83–4
childhood 76–80
collates notes for
Capital
385
contribution to
The Communist Manifesto
115–19
contribution to
The German Ideology
93–9
contribution to
The Holy Family
85, 87
criticises KM’s journalism 131–2
criticises structure of
Capital
311–12
denounces Heinzen 41
discovers KM dead 381
expelled from Belgium 1848 138
falls out with KM 262–5
financial support for KM 85, 91, 141, 152–3, 160–1, 183–6, 222–3, 236, 248, 251, 263–5, 267, 295,
297, 349
first impressions of KM 37, 75–6
flees Cologne 1848 137–8
follows KM to Belgium 90
friendship with KM 83–4
ghost writes KM’s articles for
Tribune
186–7, 218–19
ghost writes KM’s entries for
New American Cyclopedia
224–7
hatred of Prussian officialdom 136
in Germany (1848) 130–2, 136
in Paris (1846) 109–113
knowledge of KM’s infidelities 172–3
meets working-class revolutionaries 98–100
on 1848 revolutions 125
on English proletariat 206
on German elections (1881) 376
on German National Assembly 133
on Julian Harney 198–200
on KM’s bourgeois habits 268
on KM’s contribution to International 285–6
on Marxism 68
on
Neue Rheinische Zeitung
146
on power of the hirsute 38–9
on Weitling 102
on world financial crisis 1855 225–6
oration at KM’s funeral 1, 382
predicts world trade crisis 202–4, 222
relationship with parents 76, 79–80, 81, 85–6
takes job at Ermen & Engels 160–1
tours France 1848 140–1
works 75, 80–3, 91
Engels, Colonel Friedrich 144–5
England for All (Hyndman) 371–2
Ermen & Engels 77, 81, 160–1, 265
Ewerbeck, August Hermann 109–110
Favre, Jules 331, 334–5
Fay, Margaret 367–8
Feuerbach, Ludwig 17, 31, 93, 53–5, 86, 93–5
Flocon, Ferdinand 126
Franco-Prussian war 320–2, 341
Frankenstein
(M. Shelley) 71–2
Freiligrath, Ferdinand 151, 203, 272, 298
Freyberger, Louise 171–4
Gans, Eduard 24, 31
Garibaldi, Giuseppe 275
German National Assembly 133–4
German Social Democratic Party 12, 153, 376
German Workers’ Club 128
German Workers’ Education Society 151, 153–5, 167–8
German Workers’ Educational Association
see also
League of the Just 98, 117–18, 124
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von 9–10, 26
Gottschalk, Andreas 133–5, 145
Granville, Lord 332
Great Exhibition, The 249
Grün, Karl 106–7, 110, 112
Gulliver’s Travels
(Swift) 305
‘Haynau incident’ 273–5
Harney, Julian 196–200, 273–4
Healey, Denis 12
Hecker, Friedrich 139
Hegel, G. W. F. 21–7, 31–7, 53–4, 72–3, 93, 119, 236, 244, 310
Heine, Heinrich 21, 64–5, 67–8, 79, 102
Heinzen, Karl, 40–2, 90, 153
Herwegh, Georg 62, 66–7, 112, 128–9
Hess, Moses 36–7, 43, 86, 90, 106, 116
How Do You Do
? 192
Hyndman, Henry 370–3
International Alliance of Socialist Democracy 319, 338
International Working Men’s Association 272–88, 314, 318–26, 330–47
Jane Eyre
(Brontë) 51
Jones, Ernest 190, 196, 200, 206–7
Kinkel, Gottfried 152, 189–94
Köppen, Karl Friedrich 39–40
Kriege, Hermann 105–6
Kugelmann, Ludwig 286, 295–6, 312–13, 357–8
La Réforme
126, 128
Labour Party (British) 4, 12
Lafargue, Paul 19, 284, 290–3, 343, 350–52, 386
Lassalle, Ferdinand 55, 207, 211, 230–5, 243, 245–7, 249–54, 286, 317
League of Outlaws 98, 116
League of the Just 98–9, 109–112, 116
Le Lubez, Victor 276, 281, 284
Le Moussu, Benjamin Constant 351
Lenin, Vladimir Ilyich 2, 386
Leopold I 90
Leske, Karl 92–3
Lessner, Friedrich 38, 99, 117–18, 124–5, 172, 282, 284, 318
Levy, Joseph Moses 242–3, 248
Liebknecht, Wilhelm 38, 74–5, 123, 153–5, 217, 221, 238, 256–8, 286
Life and Teaching of Karl Marx, The
(Lewis) 212
Lissagaray, Prosper Olivier 326, 352, 354
London Trades Council 275–6, 281, 288
Longuet, Charles 326, 343, 350, 351–2, 374
Louis Philippe, King 61–2, 90, 125
Lucas, Betty 50
Mao, Chairman 1–2
Marx, Edgar 111, 179, 216–18
Marx, Eleanor 8, 20, 55, 65, 72, 171–2, 174, 212, 215–16, 220–2, 234, 264, 268, 326, 352–9, 367, 371, 377, 379–81, 385–6
Marx, Franziska 175–7, 215
Marx, Heinrich (formerly Hirschel Marx) 10–11, 13–18, 28–30, 126
Marx, Heinrich Guido (‘Fawkesy’) 152, 160, 167
Marx, Henriette 9, 12, 19, 126, 246, 248, 265
Marx, Jenny (‘Jennychen’) 19–20, 63, 220, 234, 248, 256, 264, 267–8, 343, 350, 352, 379–81
Marx, Johanna Bertha Julie Jenny (formerly von Westphalen)
arrested 127, 138
attempts to enlist financial support for her family 157–8, 159–60
attitude towards engagement 49
background 17–21
becomes KM’s secretary 182
bemoans poor reception of
Capital
313
dies 376
effects of poverty upon 235–6, 249, 253–4 264
engagement to KM 18–20, 33–4
fears for KM’s faithfulness 66
health 235–6, 244–5, 373–6
incompetent parenting 63
inheritance 219, 266
intimidated by KM 50–1
marries KM 52
mourns loss of grandchildren 292
on Engels’s character 349
on Ferdinand Lassalle 250–1
on Franco-Prussian war 322
on Germany 247
on Grafton Terrace 220–3
on Marx family’s struggle for survival 157–9
on poor reception of
Critique of Political Economy
238
opinion of Belgium 91
praises Engel’s vitality 261–2
pursued by Willich 164
reaction to KM’s infidelity 171, 174–7
MARX, KARL
Character:
absent-mindedness 40
agent of Satan 3
appetite for duelling 15–16, 164, 192
bourgeois patriarch 74–5, 180–5, 219–23, 240, 266, 268, 296, 298, 335–6, 342, 358–61
chess lover 122–23, 389
consumerism 63
defies physical limitations 13
denounces rivals 21, 41–3, 54, 61, 86–7, 93–5, 104–110, 135–6, 167–9, 189–95, 242–4, 247, 361
diplomatic caution 46–7
disorderliness 28–9, 62–3, 169–70, 293–4
dominant presence 117–18
drinking habits 14–15, 28–9, 34–5, 40–1, 44, 74–5, 91, 170, 256–7
effect of facial hair on others’ perception of 4, 37–9, 379
fencing technique 155–6
foul temper 169
gregarious loner 269–72
hopelessness with money 52
illegible handwriting 84–5
incompetent parenting 63–4
insensitivity 48, 50, 262–5