Immigration Wars: Forging an American Solution (21 page)

1.
 CFR Task Force Report, p. 76.

2.
 Darrell M. West,
Brain Gain
(Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press, 2010), pp. 103–104.

3.
 North Star Opinion Research, “National Survey of Registered Voters Regarding Immigration,” September 24–26, 2012.

4.
 West,
Brain Gain,
p. 138.

5.
 Ibid., p. 100.

6.
 Jeff Jacoby, “To Resolve Immigration Debate, Broaden It—And Abolish Antiquated Quotas,”
Boston Globe,
July 8, 2012.

7.
 Roger Daniels,
Guarding the Golden Door
(New York: Hill & Wang, 2004), p. 265.

8.
 Edward Alden,
The Closing of the American Border
(New York: Harper, 2008), conclusion.

9.
 Ibid., chapter 8.

10.
 Ibid.

11.
 Jacoby, “To Resolve Immigration Debate.”

12.
 West,
Brain Gain,
p. 34.

13.
 Office of Immigration Statistics, “Persons Obtaining Legal Permanent Resident Status By Type and Major Class of Admission: Fiscal Years 2002 to 2011.”

14.
 
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diversity_Immigration_Visa
.

15.
 European Council Directive 2003/86/EC, September 22, 2003.

16.
 Ian Johnson, “Wary of Future, Professionals Leave China in Record Numbers,”
New York Times,
November 1, 2012, p. A1.

17.
 West,
Brain Gain,
pp. 130–31.

18.
 Remarks of Caroline Hoxby, Hoover Institution Legal Immigration Conference.

19.
 CFR Task Force Report, p. 86.

20.
 Remarks of George Borjas, Hoover Institution Legal Immigration Conference.

21.
 West,
Brain Gain,
p. 120.

22.
 CFR Task Force Report, pp. 66–67.

23.
 See Peter Skerry, “Many Borders to Cross: Is Immigration the Exclusive Responsibility of the Federal Government?,”
Publius: The Journal of Federalism
(Summer 1995), p. 74.

24.
 Remarks of George Borjas, Hoover Institution Conference on Legal Immigration.

25.
 See Wendy Zimmerman and Karen C. Tumlin, “Patchwork Policies: State Assistance for Immigrants Under Welfare Reform,” Urban Institute Occasional Paper No. 24 (1999).

26.
 Julia Preston, “Program Tracks Arrests in Group of Immigrants,”
New York Times,
August 1, 2012.

27.
 CFR Task Force Report, pp. 73–74.

28.
 Alden,
The Closing of the American Border,
chapter 8.

29.
 
Gonzalez v. State of Arizona,
No. 08-17094 (9th Cir. Apr. 17, 2012) (en banc).

30.
 Tamar Jacoby, “Immigration Reform: The Utah Path,”
Los Angeles Times,
March 25, 2011.

31.
 W. Randall Stroud, “Acknowledging a Historic Migration,”
Raleigh News & Observer,
April 4, 2012.

32.
 See Daniel Gonzalez, “For Some, GED Now Seen as Key to Avoiding Deportation,”
Arizona Republic,
August 12, 2012.

33.
 West,
Brain Gain,
p. 111.

34.
 “A Solution, This Isn’t,” Yellow Sheet Report, June 19, 2012.

35.
 Douglas S. Massey, “America Is Losing as Many Illegal Immigrants As It’s Gaining,”
Reuters.com
blog, April 12, 2012.

36.
 Pew Hispanic Center, “Modes of Entry for the Unauthorized Migrant Population,” May 22, 2006.

37.
 Randal C. Archibold and Damien Cave, “Numb to Carnage, Mexicans Find Diversions and Life Goes On,”
New York Times,
May 16, 2012, pp. A1 and A3.

38.
 June S. Beittel, “Mexico’s Drug Trafficking Organizations: Source and Scope of the Rising Violence,” Congressional Research Service Report, August 3, 2012, p. 4.

39.
 Ibid., p. 10.

40.
 Ibid., p. 14.

41.
 Richard A. Serrano, “Firearms From ATF Sting Linked to 11 More Violent Crimes,” Los Angeles Times, August 17, 2011.

42.
 “Mexican Drug War,”
Wikipedia.com
.

43.
 Sebastian Rotella, “The New Faces of Illegal Immigration,”
Arizona Republic,
December 6, 2012, p. A1.

44.
 West,
Brain Gain,
p. 112.

45.
 Alden,
The Closing of the America Border,
chapter 8.

46.
 West,
Brain Gain,
p. 113.

47.
 “Homeland Security in Charge of 50 National Parks?,”
AmericanFreedomByBarbara.com
, April 25, 2012.

48.
 Beittel, “Mexico’s Drug Trafficking Organizations,” p. 34.

49.
 Alden,
The Closing of the American Border,
chapters 7 and 8.

50.
 Jennifer Lynch, “From Fingerprints to DNA: Biometric Data Collection in U.S. Immigrant Communities and Beyond,” Immigration Policy Center Special Report, May 2012, p. 4.

51.
 Ibid., p. 3.

52.
 Ibid., p. 6.

53.
 Ibid., p. 9.

54.
 
U.S. v. Jones,
132 S.Ct. 945 (2012).

55.
 CFR Task Force Report, p. 97.

56.
 See Daniel Gonzalez, “A Long and Stressful Journey to Citizenship,”
Arizona Republic,
October 21, 2012, p. A1.

57.
 Gregory Korte, “Americans Put to Shame By Immigrants on Sample Civics Test,”
USA Today,
April 26, 2012.

58.
 U.S. Department of Education, “The Next Generation of Civics Education: Remarks of U.S. Secretary of Education Arne Duncan at the iCivics ‘Educating for Democracy in a Digital Age’ Conference,” March 29, 2011.

59.
 Quoted in Sohrab Ahmari, “The Civics Crisis: Both Reformers
and the Educational Establishment Should Focus on What Makes America Great,”
City Journal,
November 4, 2011, reviewing David Feith, ed.,
Teaching America: The Case for Civic Education
(2011).

60.
 “The Next Generation of Civics Education: Remarks of Secretary Arne Duncan.”

61.
 Reported in David S. Broder, “One Nation No More? Civics Needs a Boost, But Our Identity Endures,”
Washington Post,
July 3, 2008.

1.
 Jessica Bruder, “A Start-Up Incubator That Floats,”
New York Times,
September 25, 2012.

2.
 Associated Press, “Silicon Dreams: Plans Revealed for Floating City Off Coast of California to House Entrepreneurs Who Don’t Have Visas,”
Daily Mail,
December 16, 2011.

3.
 James K. Glassman, “Introduction: We Can Do It,” in Brendan Miniter, ed.,
The 4% Solution: Unleashing the Economic Growth America Needs
(New York: Crown Business, 2012), pp. xv–xvi.

4.
 Ibid., pp. xvii–xx.

5.
 Gary S. Becker, “When Illegals Stop Crossing the Border,” in Miniter, ed.,
The 4% Solution
, p. 243.

6.
 Pia M. Orrenius and Madeline Zavodny, “Immigration and Growth,” in Miniter, ed.,
The 4% Solution
, p. 246.

7.
 
http://www.vdare.com/articles/vdarecom-094016-hoover-institution-hoover-digest-1998-no-2-interview-by-peter-brimelow-milt
.

8.
 Lee Kuan Yew, “Warning Bell for Developed Countries: Declining Birth Rates,”
Forbes.com
, May 7, 2012.

9.
 Federico D. Pascual Jr., “Grim Facts on Low Population Growth,”
Philippine Star,
August 12, 2012.

10.
 Ben Wattenberg, “What’s Really Behind the Entitlement Crisis,”
Wall Street Journal,
July 12, 2012.

11.
 Shari Roan, “Drop in U.S. Birth Rate is Biggest in 30 Years,”
Los Angeles Times,
March 31, 2011.

12.
 Population Reference Bureau, Fact Sheet: “The Decline in U.S. Fertility,”
http://www.prb.org/Publications/Datasheets/2012/world-population-data-sheet/fact-sheet-us-population.aspx
.

13.
 Barry Elias, “Low Birth Rate Threatens Social Security and Medicare,”
Moneynews,
July 27, 2012.

14.
 Remarks of Robert Topel, Hoover Institution Conference on Legal Immigration in the United States, October 4–5, 2012.

15.
 Roger Daniels,
Guarding the Golden Door: American Immigration Policy and Immigrants Since 1882
(New York: Hill & Wang, 2004), p. 265.

16.
 Quoted in ibid., p. 266.

17.
 Darrell M. West,
Brain Gain: Rethinking U.S. Immigration Policy
(Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press, 2010), p. 10.

18.
 Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas, “U.S. Immigration and Economic Growth: Putting Policy on Hold,”
Southwest Economy
(November/December 2003), p. 4.

19.
 RAND Corporation, “RAND Study Shows Relatively Little Public Money Spent Providing Health Care to Undocumented Immigrants,” news release, November 14, 2006.

20.
 West,
Brain Gain
, p. 10.

21.
 Ibid., p. 11.

22.
 Daniel Gonzalez, “In 2 Years, a Sea Change in Migrant Law, Politics,”
Arizona Republic,
April 23, 2012, p. A4.

23.
 West,
Brain Gain
, p. 38.

24.
 Ibid., p. 12.

25.
 Tamar Jacoby, “A Price Tag in the Billions,”
New York Times
, Symposium: Could Farms Survive Without Illegal Labor?, August 17, 2011.

26.
 Daniel Trotta and Tom Bassing, “In Alabama, Strict Immigration Law Sows Discord,”
Reuters.com
, May 30, 2012.

27.
 Tamar Jacoby, “Immigration After the SB 1070 Ruling,”
Los Angeles Times,
June 26, 2012.

28.
 Gigi Douban and Margaret Newkirk, “Refugees Fill Jobs After Alabama Passes Strict Migrant Law,”
AZStarnet.com
, September 25, 2012.

29.
 Craig J. Regelbrugge, “The Farm Labor Crisis: Imagined, or Real?,”
CNBC.com
, September 26, 2012.

30.
 West,
Brain Gain
, p. 15.

31.
 Fiscal Policy Institute, “Immigrant Small Business Owners: A Significant and Growing Part of the Economy,” June 2012, p. 1.

32.
 Barry C. Lynn and Lina Khan, “Out of Business: Measuring the Decline of American Entrepreneurship,” New America Foundation, July 10, 2012, p. 3.

33.
 Ali Noorani, “New American Immigrants Hold the Key to Economic Growth,”
National Journal,
September 21, 2012.

34.
 Fiscal Policy Institute, “Small Business Owners,” p. 1.

35.
 Ibid., pp. 2–3.

36.
 Quoted in Radley Balko, “The El Paso Miracle,”
Reason.com
, July 6, 2009.

37.
 See, e.g., Daniel Griswold, “Higher Immigration, Lower Crime,”
Commentary,
December 2009.

38.
 Michael R. Bloomberg, “Obama, Romney Immigration Silence Hurts Economy,”
Bloomberg.com
, August 13, 2012.

39.
 West,
Brain Gain
, p. 12.

40.
 Jeb Bush and Thomas F. McLarty III, chairs, Edward Alden, project director,
U.S. Immigration Policy
(New York: Council on Foreign Relations, 2009), p. 10 (“CFR Task Force Report”).

41.
 Ibid., p. 13.

42.
 Ibid., p. 11.

43.
 Ibid., pp. 13–14.

44.
 Pew Research Center, “Opinion of U.S. Improving,” June 20, 2012, p. 9.

45.
 Population Reference Bureau, Fact Sheet: “The Decline in U.S. Fertility,”
http://www.prb.org/Publications/Datasheets/2012/world-population-data-sheet/fact-sheet-us-population.aspx
.

46.
 Pew Research Center, “The Mexican-American Boom: Births Overtake Immigration,” July 14, 2011, p. 5.

47.
 Linda Chavez, “Drop in Illegal Immigration Opens Door for Real Reform,”
Jewish World Review,
July 15, 2011.

48.
 West,
Brain Gain
, p. 6.

49.
 Edward Alden,
The Closing of the American Border: Terrorism, Immigration and Security Since 9/11,
e-book ed. (New York: HarperCollins, 2008), conclusion.

50.
 Pew Research Center, “The Mexican-American Boom,” p. 3.

51.
 Jeffrey Passel, D’Vera Cohn, and Ana Gonzalez-Barrera, “Net Migration from Mexico Falls to Zero—and Perhaps Less,” Pew Hispanic Center, April 23, 2012, p. 6.

52.
 West,
Brain Gain
, p. 130.

53.
 CFR Task Force Report, p. 17.

54.
 Brad Smith, “How to Reduce America’s Talent Deficit,”
Wall Street Journal,
October 19, 2012, p. A13.

55.
 Alden,
The Closing of the American Border
, introduction.

56.
 Quoted in Alden,
The Closing of the American Border
, introduction.

57.
 Quoted in ibid., chapter 1.

58.
 Ibid., chapter 6.