Kent, Jack.
Mr. Meebles.
New York: Parents’ Magazine Press, 1970.
Klagsbrun, Francine.
Married People: Staying Together in the Age of Divorce.
New York: Bantam, 1985.
Kneebone, G. T.
Mathematical Logic and the Foundations of Mathematics.
New York: Van Nostrand, 1963.
Kolak, Daniel.
I Am You: The Metaphysical Foundations for Global Ethics.
Norwell, Mass.: Springer, 2004.
Kriegel, Uriah and Kenneth Williford (eds.).
Self-Representational Approaches to Consciousness.
Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 2006.
Kuffler, Stephen W. and John G. Nicholls.
From Neuron to Brain.
Sunderland, Mass.: Sinauer Associates, 1976.
Külot, Gerd. “On Formerly Unpennable Proclamations in
Prince Hyppia: Math Dramatica
and Related Stageplays (I)”.
Bologna Literary Review of Bologna
641
(1931).
Laughlin, Robert B.
A Different Universe: Reinventing Physics from the Bottom Down.
New York: Basic Books, 2005.
Le Lionnais, François.
Les Nombres remarquables.
Paris: Hermann, 1983.
Lem, Stanislaw.
The Cyberiad: Fables for the Cybernetic Age
(translated by Michael Kandel). San Diego: Harcourt Brace, 1985.
Livio, Mario.
The Equation that Couldn’t Be Solved.
New York: Simon and Schuster, 2005.
Margolis, Howard.
Patterns, Thinking, and Cognition.
Chicago: University of Chicago, 1987.
Martin, Richard M.
Truth and Denotation: A Study in Semantical Theory.
Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1958.
McCorduck, Pamela.
Machines Who Think.
San Francisco: W. H. Freeman, 1979.
Mettrie, Julien Offray de la.
Man a Machine.
La Salle, Illinois: Open Court, 1912.
Metzinger, Thomas.
Being No One: The Self-Model Theory of Subjectivity.
Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 2003.
Miller, Fred D. and Nicholas D. Smith.
Thought Probes: Philosophy through Science Fiction.
Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall, 1981.
Minsky, Marvin.
The Society of Mind.
New York: Simon & Schuster, 1986.
— — — .
The Emotion Machine.
New York: Simon & Schuster, 2006.
Monod, Jacques.
Chance and Necessity.
New York: Vintage Press, 1972.
Moravec, Hans.
Robot: Mere Machine to Transcendent Mind.
New York: Oxford University Press, 1999.
Morden, Michael. “Free will, self-causation, and strange loops”.
Australasian Journal of Philosophy
68
(1990), pp. 59–73.
Nagel, Ernest and James R. Newman.
Gödel’s Proof.
New York: New York University Press, 1958. (Revised edition, edited by Douglas R. Hofstadter, 2001.)
Neumann, John von.
Theory of Self-Reproducing Automata
(edited and completed by Arthur W. Burks). Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1966.
Niven, Ivan and Herbert S. Zuckerman.
An Introduction to the Theory of Numbers.
New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1960.
Nørretranders, Tor.
The User Illusion.
New York: Viking, 1998.
Nozick, Robert.
Philosophical Explanations.
Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1981.
Pais, Abraham.
Inward Bound: Of Matter and Forces in the Physical World.
New York: Oxford University Press, 1986.
— — — .
Niels Bohr’s Times.
New York: Oxford University Press, 1991.
Parfit, Derek.
Reasons and Persons.
New York: Oxford University Press, 1984.
Pattee, Howard H.
Hierarchy Theory: The Challenge of Complex Systems.
New York: Braziller, 1973.
Peitgen, H.-O. and P. H. Richter.
The Beauty of Fractals.
New York: Springer, 1986.
Penfield, Wilder and Lamar Roberts.
Speech and Brain-Mechanisms.
Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1959.
Penrose, Roger.
The Emperor’s New Mind.
New York: Oxford University Press, 1989.
Perry, John (ed.).
Personal Identity.
Berkeley: University of California Press, 1975.
Péter, Rózsa.
Recursive Functions.
New York: Academic Press, 1967.
Pfeiffer, John.
The Human Brain.
New York: Harper Bros., 1961.
Poundstone, William.
The Recursive Universe.
New York: William Morrow, 1984.
Pullman, Bernard.
The Atom in the History of Human Thought.
New York: Oxford University Press, 1998.
Pushkin, Alexander S.
Eugene Onegin: A Novel in Verse
(translated by James Falen). New York: Oxford University Press, 1995.
— — — .
Eugene Onegin: A Novel Versification
(translated by Douglas Hofstadter). New York: Basic Books, 1999.
Quine, Willard Van Orman.
The Ways of Paradox, and Other Essays.
Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1976.
Ringle, Martin.
Philosophical Perspectives in Artificial Intelligence.
Atlantic Highlands: Humanities Press, 1979.
Rucker, Rudy.
Infinity and the Mind.
Boston: Birkhäuser, 1982.
Sander, Emmanuel.
L’analogie, du Naïf au Créatif: Analogie et Catégorisation.
Paris: Éditions L’Harmattan, 2000.
Schank, Roger C.
Dynamic Memory.
New York: Cambridge University Press, 1982.
Schweitzer, Albert.
Aus Meiner Kindheit und Jugendzeit.
Munich: C. H. Beck, 1924.
Searle, John. “The Myth of the Computer” (review of
The Mind’s I
).
The New York Review of Books,
April 29, 1982, pp. 3–6.
Shanker, S. G. (ed.).
Gödel’s Theorem in Focus.
New York: Routledge, 1988.
Simon, Herbert A.
The Sciences of the Artificial.
Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1969.
Singer, Peter and Jim Mason.
The Way We Eat: Why Our Food Choices Matter.
Emmaus, Pennsylvania: Rodale Press, 2006.
Skinner, B. F.
About Behaviorism.
New York: Random House, 1974.
Smullyan, Raymond M.
Theory of Formal Systems.
Princeton: Princeton Univ. Press, 1961.
— — — .
The Tao Is Silent.
New York: Harper & Row, 1977.
— — — .
What Is the Name of This Book?
Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1978.
— — — .
This Book Needs No Title.
Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1980.
— — — .
5000 B.C. and Other Philosophical Fantasies.
New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1983.
— — — .
Gödel’s Incompleteness Theorems.
New York: Oxford University Press, 1992.
Sperry, Roger. “Mind, Brain, and Humanist Values”, in John R. Platt (ed.),
New Views on the Nature of Man.
Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1965.
Steiner, George.
After Babel.
New York: Oxford University Press, 1975.
Stewart, Ian.
Galois Theory
(second edition). New York: Chapman and Hall, 1989.
Suppes, Patrick C.
Introduction to Logic.
New York: Van Nostrand, 1957.
Thigpen, Corbett H. and Hervey M. Cleckley.
The Three Faces of Eve.
New York: McGraw-Hill, 1957.
Treisman, Anne. “Features and Objects: The Fourteenth Bartlett Memorial Lecture”.
Cognitive Psychology
12
, no. 12 (1980), pp. 97–136.
Ulam, Stanislaw.
Adventures of a Mathematician.
New York: Scribner’s, 1976.
Unger, Peter. “Why There Are No People”.
Midwest Studies in Philosophy,
4
(1979).
— — — . “I Do Not Exist”. In G. F. MacDonald (ed.),
Perception and Identity.
Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1979.
Wadhead, Rosalyn.
The Posh Shop Picketeers.
Tananarive: Wowser & Genius, 1931.
Webb, Judson.
Mechanism, Mentalism, and Metamathematics.
Boston: D. Reidel, 1980.
Weinberg, Steven.
Dreams of a Final Theory.
New York: Pantheon, 1992.
— — — .
Facing Up.
Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2001.
Wells, David G.
The Penguin Dictionary of Curious and Interesting Numbers.
New York: Viking Penguin, 1986.
— — — .
Prime Numbers.
New York: John Wiley & Sons, 2005.
Wheelis, Allen.
The Quest for Identity.
New York: W. W. Norton, 1958.
Whitehead, Alfred North and Bertrand Russell.
Principia Mathematica,
Volumes I–III. London: Cambridge University Press, 1910–1913.
Wilder, Raymond L.
Introduction to the Foundations of Mathematics.
New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1952.
Wolf, Robert S.
A Tour through Mathematical Logic.
Washington, D.C.: The Mathematical Association of America, 2005.
Wooldridge, Dean.
Mechanical Man: The Physical Basis of Intelligent Life.
New York: McGraw-Hill, 1968.
Wynne, Clive D. L.
Do Animals Think?
Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2004.
Yourgrau, Palle.
A World Without Time: The Forgotten Legacy of Gödel and Einstein.
New York: Basic Books, 2005.
PERMISSIONS AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
G
RATEFUL acknowledgement is hereby made to the following individuals, publishers, and companies for permission to use material that they have provided or to quote from sources for which they hold the rights. Every effort has been made to locate the copyright owners of material reproduced in this book. Omissions that are brought to our attention will be corrected in subsequent editions.
Thanks to William Frucht for the cover photograph of video feedback and for all the photographs in the color insert in Chapter 4.
Thanks to Daniel Hofstadter and Monica Hofstadter for photographs of various loopy structures, used as interludes between chapters.
Thanks to Kellie and Richard Gutman for two photographs in Chapter 4.
Thanks to Jeannel King for her poem “Ode to a Box of Envelopes” in Chapter 7.
Thanks to Silvia Sabatini for the photograph of the lap loop in Anterselva di Mezzo, facing Chapter 8.
Thanks to Peter Rimbey for the photograph of Carol and Douglas Hofstadter facing Chapter 16.
Thanks to David Oleson for his parquet deformation “I at the Center” in Chapter 17.
“Three Kangaroos” logo, designed by David Lance Goines © Ravenswood Winery. Reprinted with permission by Joel Peterson, Ravenswood Winery.
“Three Ravens” logo, designed by David Lance Goines © Ravenswood Winery. Reprinted with permission by Joel Peterson, Ravenswood Winery.
“Peanuts” cartoon, dated 08/14/1960: © United Feature Syndicate, Inc. Reprinted with permission by United Media.
M. C. Escher,
Drawing Hands
© 2006 M. C. Escher Company, Holland. All rights reserved.
www.mcescher.com
. Reprinted with permission.
Whitehead, Alfred North and Bertrand Russell,
Principia Mathematica
(second edition), Volume I (1927), page 629, reprinted in 1973 © Cambridge University Press.
“Nancy” cartoon: “Sluggo dreaming”: © United Feature Syndicate, Inc. Reprinted with permission by United Media.
Morton Salt “Umbrella Girl” © Morton International, Inc. Reprinted with permission of Morton International, Inc.
Excerpt from Karen Horney,
Our Inner Conflicts,
© 1945 by W. W. Norton & Co., Inc. Reprinted with permission by W. W. Norton & Company.
Excerpts from Daniel Dennett,
Consciousness Explained
© 1991 by Daniel C. Dennett. Reprinted with permission by Hachette Book Group USA.