Caesar's Legion: The Epic Saga of Julius Caesar's Elite Tenth Legion and the Armies of Rome (59 page)

back-pay/bonus demands, 130–31

Pompey command, 61, 68, 76, 84, 165

Beirut military colony, 274, 278

Spanish legions

in Britain, 30–35, 38–42, 44–45, 48–49,

after Caesar’s assassination, 179

198

founding of, 1–3, 178, 270, 282

Caesar’s bodyguard and, 12, 68, 113

lasting reputation of, 206, 225–26

in Caesar’s invasion of Italy, 68

See also specific numbers

Caesar’s mutiny-quelling speech to,

Spanish War, The,
168–69, 170

146–48

Spinther, Publius Lentulus, 72, 129, 133,

Caesar’s punishment of, 82, 155–57

140

as Caesar’s right wing, 1, 23, 159, 168

spoils.
See
plunder

centurions 8, 27, 60, 156–57, 198,

Statilius, Titus Taurus, 191

212–13.
See also
Crastinus, Gaius

Strabo, 217

in civil war in Albania/Greece, 87,

Suebi tribe, 21–23

90–93, 96, 109, 112–15, 119–29, 131

Suetonius, 7, 293, 294–95

in civil war in North Africa, 150–60,

Sulla, Dictator, 15, 103

163

Sulla, Publius (nephew), 103, 104, 114,

in civil war in Spain, 1–5, 75–84,

115, 129

165–72

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Corbulo’s rigorous retraining of, 206–7,

in Judea, 199, 274, 275, 279

224, 226, 268

official title, 268, 270, 283, 296

depleted ranks of, 1, 169

13th Legion (later 13th Gemina), 42,

devotion to Caesar, 22, 119, 168

88–89, 165, 282

eagle standard-bearer, 33–34

in Caesar’s invasion of Italy, 65–66,

emblem of, 7, 18, 285

69–71, 74

end of, 268

in civil war in North Africa, 149, 155,

enlistment terms, 211–12

159

fame of, 1, 119, 206, 213, 225–26, 268

defection to Pompey brothers, 3, 166,

first and last surrender by, 192

169, 174

founding in Spain, 7–12, 178, 213, 270,

founding of, 24, 270

282

in Gaul, 24, 27, 42, 56, 61

“Fretensis” title, 285–86

20th Legion (later 20th Valeria Victrix),

in Gaul, 13–29, 51–52, 55, 56–59,

72, 74, 76, 149–50, 260, 268, 270,

61–63, 68, 109, 198

282–83

Jewish revolts and, 221–30, 234–39,

21st Legion (later 21st Rapax), 2, 76, 77,

243–46, 251–66

84, 85, 165, 166–67, 195, 270, 282

in Judea, 198–99, 217–66, 285–86

22nd Legion (later 22nd Deiotariana), 76,

Lepidus command, 175, 181

77, 87, 270, 282, 283

looting rampage in Rome, 145, 155–57

as 22nd Primigeneia Legion, 220, 238

Lusitania campaign, 9–11

23rd Legion, 76, 77, 87, 233, 234, 271

mutiny after Pharsalus, 130–35, 150

24th Legion, 76, 78, 92, 107, 233, 234,

news sources, 218

271

payment from Cleopatra’s treasury,

defections to Pompey, 87–88, 107, 118

193–94

25th Legion, 76, 91, 115, 137, 150–52,

plunder from Jerusalem, 256–57

160, 200, 271

recruitment process, 174, 196, 210–14

26th Legion, 76, 91, 115, 137, 150–52,

recruits from outside Spain, 263–64,

160, 200, 271

285

27th Legion, 76, 91, 101, 104, 115, 144,

reenlistment factor, 63–64, 76, 86, 175,

146, 150, 184, 271

198, 199, 210–15, 263–64

28th Legion, 76, 78, 92, 165, 271

retirees in Beirut, 198, 274, 278

under Brutus/Cassius control, 184

retirees in Spain, 174

in Caesar’s Greek invasion, 91, 101,

retirements, 63–64, 76, 86, 169, 175,

104, 115

194, 198, 199, 215–16

in Caesar’s pursuit of Pompey, 136

six tribunes, 7, 8, 122

defections to Pompey, 87–88, 118

in southern France, 13, 76, 86

in Egypt with Caesar, 144, 146

in Syria, 197–216

in North Africa, 150–52, 160

Vespasian support by, 233

29th Legion, 76, 91, 100, 115, 137,

veteran recalls, 198, 216, 232

151–52, 160

12th Legion (later 12th Fulminata), 134,

30th Legion, 2, 76, 77, 84, 85, 165, 167

137, 209, 233, 256

31st Legion, 87, 89

in Britain, 42, 45, 48

32nd Legion, 87, 89

in Caesar’s invasion of Italy, 68, 69, 71,

35th Legion, 76

74

36th Legion, 136, 144, 184

in civil war invasion of Greece, 91,

37th Legion, 136, 144, 150, 184

101, 110, 112, 115

Tacitus, 260, 295–96

crucifixion of Jesus, 275

Temple in Jerusalem, 198, 240, 243, 246,

in Gaul, 14–16, 19, 25–27, 55, 112, 282

250, 251–54

Jewish Revolt casualties, 220–21, 274

Roman destruction of, 252–54

Jewish Revolt offensive, 234–40, 252

temple to Jupiter on site of, 265, 267

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320

i n d e x

testudo
formation, 44

Jewish Revolt and, 221–36, 268, 297

Teutoburg Forest defeat, 200, 271

legion reforms, 258–59, 272, 279, 284

Thapsus, Battle of, 159–64, 165, 169, 170,

sons as successors, 256

198, 226, 286

takeover as emperor, 216, 232–34, 247,

Theosaphanes, 102

258, 267

Tiberius, Emperor, 150, 199–204, 267

test of Dead Sea’s buoyancy, 229

Tigranes, king of Armenia, 209

Vespasian, Domitian (son).
See
Domitian Tiridates, prince of Parthia, 208, 210

Vespasian, Titus (son), 223, 226–27, 228,

Tiro, Marcus, 76, 157

231–37, 277, 297

Titus, Emperor, 256, 271.
See also
Ves-Jerusalem assault, 238–57, 268

pasian, Titus

Judean legion command, 233–37

toga, 168, 214

succession as emperor, 256, 271

Trajan, Emperor, 263–64, 272, 284

Vettulenus, Sextus, 251

general father of, 221, 222

Vibullius Rufus, Lucius, 71, 97

Trajan, Marcus Ulpius, 221, 222, 228–29,

Vindex, Julius, 228, 230

233

Viromandui tribe, 25, 27–28

Trebonius, Gaius, 46, 62, 77, 86, 165,

Visigoths, 268

176, 177

Vitellius, Emperor, 216, 231, 232, 256,

Treveri tribe, 27, 42, 63, 68

258, 272

Triarius, Gaius, 125

Volandum assault, 207–8

tribune, 7–8, 122, 278–79, 288

Vologases, king of Parthia, 209–10

Augustan duty changes, 196–97

Volusenus, Gaius, 30, 31, 32

See also
civil tribune

Vonones, 201

Triumph, 12, 60, 165, 177, 201, 256

watchwords, 116–17, 168, 185

Valens, Emperor, 268

Waterloo, Battle of, 120, 172, 173

Valeria Legion, 79, 83–84, 86, 283

Wellington, duke of, 120, 173

Varro, Marcus Terentius, 74, 79, 84, 85

World War II, 93–94, 151

Varus, Publius Attius, 160, 164, 173

Varus, Publius Quintilius, 198–200

Yarmuk River, Battle of the, 268

Ventidius, Publius, 181, 188

Venus (goddess), 116, 117, 168

Zealots, 219, 230, 232, 239–40, 254,

Vercingetorix, 53–62, 79, 109

261–64

Vespasian, Emperor

Zela, Battle of, 32, 145, 268

grandfather’s military career, 136–37

• CAESAR�S LEGION THE EPIC SAGA OF JULIUS CAESAR�S ELITE TENTH LEGION AND THE ARMIES OF ROME
  
  • CONTENTS
    
  • Atlas
    
  • Acknowledgments
    
  • Author�s Note
    
  • i Staring Defeat in the Face
    
  • ii Impatient for Glory
    
  • iii Savaging the Swiss, Overrunning the Germans
    
  • iv Conquering Gaul
    
  • v Invading Britain
    
  • vi Revolt and Revenge
    
  • vii Enemy of the State
    
  • viii Broken Promises
    
  • ix The Race for Durr�
    
  • x A Taste of Defeat
    
  • xi The Battle of Pharsalus
    
  • xii The Sour Taste of Victory
    
  • xiii The Murder of Pompey the Great
    
  • xiv The Power of a Single Word
    
  • xv The North African Campaign
    
  • xvi Caesar�s Last Battle
    
  • xvii Mark Antony�s Men
    
  • xviii Philippi and Actium
    
  • xix In the Name of the Emperor
    
  • xx Knocked into Shape by Corbulo
    
  • xxi Orders from the Emperor
    
  • xxii Objective Jerusalem
    
  • xxiii The End of the Holy City
    
  • xxiv Masada
    
  • xxv Last Days
    
  • APPENDIX A The Legions of Rome, 30 B.C.�A.D. 233
    
  • APPENDIX B The Reenlistment Factor
    
  • APPENDIX C The Uniqueness of the Legion Commands in Egypt and Judea
    
  • APPENDIX D The Naming and Numbering System of the Roman Legions
    
  • APPENDIX E The Title �Fretensis�
    
  • APPENDIX F Imperial Roman Military Ranks and Their Modern-Day Equivalents
    
  • APPENDIX G Sources
    
  • Glossary
    
  • Index