Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee (65 page)

2.
U.S. Congress. 39th. 2nd session. Senate Report 156, pp. 93–94.

3.
Berthrong, Donald J.
The Southern Cheyennes.
Norman, University of Oklahoma Press, 1963, p. 185.

4.
U.S. Congress. 39th. 2nd session. Senate Report 156, p. 94.

5.
Ibid.,
pp. 55–56.

6.
U.S. Secretary of the Interior. Report, 1864, pp. 374–75.

7.
Ibid.,
pp. 374, 377.

8.
Hoig, Stan.
The Sand Creek Massacre.
Norman, University of Oklahoma Press, 1961, p. 99.

9.
Hyde, p. 142.

10.
U.S. Congress. 39th. 2nd session. Senate Executive Document 26, p. 44.

11.
Official record.
The War of the Rebellion.
Series I, Vol. 41, Pt. 3, p. 462.

12.
U.S. Congress. 39th. 2nd session. Senate Report 156, p. 77.

13.
Ibid.,
pp. 87–90.

14.
Hyde, p. 146.

15.
Berthrong, p. 213.

16.
U.S. Congress. 39th. 2nd session. Senate Executive Document 26, p. 226.

17.
U.S. Congress. 38th. 2nd session. Senate Report 142, p. 18.

18.
U.S. Congress. 39th. 2nd session. Senate Executive Document 26, p. 25.

19.
Ibid.,
p. 47. U.S. Congress. 39th. 2nd session. Senate Report 156, pp. 53, 74.

20.
Ibid.,
p. 66.

21.
George Bent to George E. Hyde, April 14, 1906 (Coe Collection, Yale University).

22.
U.S. Congress. 39th. 2nd session. Senate Report 156, pp. 66, 73.

23.
U.S. Congress. 39th. 2nd session. Senate Executive Document 26, p. 70.

24.
U.S. Congress. 39th. 2nd session. Senate Report 156, pp. 73, 96.

25.
Ibid.,
p. 53. Berthrong, p. 220.

26.
Bent, George. “Forty Years with the Cheyennes.”
The Frontier,
Vol. IV, No. 6, December, 1905, p. 3. Hyde, pp. 152, 158–59.

27.
U.S. Congress. 39th. 2nd session. Senate Executive Document 26, pp. 73–74.

28.
Hyde, p. 177.

29.
U.S. Commissioner of Indian Affairs. Report, 1871, p. 439.

30.
U.S. Secretary of the Interior. Report, 1865, pp. 701–11.

31.
Kappler, Charles J.
Indian Affairs, Laws and Treaties.
Vol. 2, pp. 887–88.

1.
Official record.
The War of the Rebellion.
Series I, Vol. 48, Pt. 2, pp. 1048–49.

2.
Bent, George. “Forty Years with the Cheyennes.”
The Frontier,
Vol. IV, No. 7, January, 1906, p. 4.

3.
Holman, Albert M.
Pioneering in the Northwest.
Sioux City, Iowa, 1924.

4.
Bent, p. 5.

5.
Ibid.

6.
Grinnell, George Bird.
The Fighting Cheyennes.
Norman, University of Oklahoma Press, 1956, pp. 210–11.

7.
Humfreville, J. Lee.
Twenty Years Among Our Hostile Indians.
New York, Hunter and Co., 1903, p. 356.

8.
Palmer, H. E. “History of the Powder River Indian Expedition of 1865.” Nebraska State Historical Society,
Transactions and Reports,
Vol. II, p. 216.

9.
Grinnell, George Bird.
Two Great Scouts and Their Pawnee Battalion.
Cleveland, Arthur H. Clark Co., 1928, p. 117.

10.
Hyde, George E.
Life of George Bent.
Norman, University of Oklahoma Press, 1968, pp. 239–40.

11.
Hafen, L. R. and Ann W.
Powder River Campaign and Sawyers’ Expedition of 1865.
Glendale, Calif., A. H. Clark Co., 1961, p. 97.

1.
U.S. Congress. 40th. 2nd session. House Executive Document 97, p. 9.

2.
U.S. Department of the Interior. Report, 1866, pp. 206–07.

3.
Olson, James C.
Red Cloud and the Sioux Problem.
Lincoln, University of Nebraska Press, 1965, p. 31.

4.
U.S. Congress. 50th. 1st session. Senate Executive Document 33, p. 5.

5.
Ibid.,
p. 18.

6.
Carrington, Frances C.
My Army Life and the Fort Phil Kearny Massacre.
Philadelphia, Lippincott, 1911, pp. 291–92. Carrington, Margaret I.
Ab-sa-ra-ka, Land of Massacre.
Philadelphia, Lippincott, 1878, pp. 79–80.

7.
Carrington, H. B.
The Indian Question.
Boston, 1909, p. 9.

8.
U.S. Congress. 50th. 1st session. Senate Executive Document 33, pp. 20–21.

9.
John Stands in Timber and Margot Liberty.
Cheyenne Memories.
New Haven, Yale University Press, 1967, p. 172.

10.
Ibid.,
pp. 174–76. Hyde, George E.
Life of George Bent.
Norman, University of Oklahoma Press, 1968, pp. 276–77.

11.
Lockwood, James D.
Life and Adventures of a Drummer Boy; or Seven Years a Soldier.
Albany, N.Y., 1893, pp. 188–89.

12.
Neihardt, John G.
Black Elk Speaks.
Lincoln, University of Nebraska Press, 1961, p. 17.

13.
Stanley, Henry M.
My Early Travels and Adventures.
New York, Scribner’s, 1895, Vol. I, pp. 201–16.

14.
Simonin, Louis L.
The Rocky Mountain West in 1867.
Lincoln, University of Nebraska Press, 1966, p. 107.

15.
U.S. Congress. 40th. 2nd session. House Executive Document 97, p. 5. U.S. Congress. 41st. 3rd session. Senate Executive Document 39, pp. 63–66.

16.
Omaha Weekly Herald,
June 10, 1868.

17.
U.S. Congress. 44th. 2nd session. Senate Executive Document 9, p. 38.

1.
Hyde, George E.
Life of George Bent.
Norman, University of Oklahoma Press, 1968, p. 253.

2.
Hancock, Winfield Scott.
Reports of … upon Indian Affairs.
1867, pp. 45–46, 77.

3.
Ibid.,
p. 47.

4.
U.S. Secretary of the Interior. Report, 1867, p. 311.

5.
Hyde, p. 259.

6.
U.S. Secretary of the Interior. Report, 1867, p. 312.

7.
Stanley, Henry M.
My Early Travels and Adventures.
New York, Scribner’s, 1895, Vol. I, pp. 37–38. Grinnell, George B.
The Fighting Cheyennes.
Norman, University of Oklahoma Press, 1956, pp. 250–52.

8.
U.S. Congress. 40th. 2nd session. House Executive Document 97, p. 12.

9.
U.S. Congress. 40th. 1st session. Senate Executive Document 13, pp. 11–12, 95, 121.

10.
Berthrong, Donald J.
The Southern Cheyennes.
Norman, University of Oklahoma Press, 1963, p. 294.

11.
Chicago Tribune,
November 4, 1867. Jones, Douglas C.
The Treaty of Medicine Lodge.
Norman, University of Oklahoma Press, 1966, pp. 165–69.

12.
Brill, Charles J.
Conquest of the Southern Plains.
Oklahoma City, 1938, p. 107.

13.
Grinnell, p. 286.

14.
Keim, De Benneville Randolph.
Sheridan’s Troopers on the Borders.
Philadelphia, McKay, 1885, p. 103.

15.
U.S. War Department. Report, 1869, pp. 47–48.

16.
Ibid.,
p. 48. Berthrong, p. 332.

17.
Sheridan Papers, January 1, 1869, as quoted in Berthrong, pp. 333–34.

18.
Ellis, Edward S.
The History of Our Country.
Indianapolis, 1900, Vol. 6, p. 1483.

1.
U.S. Department of the Interior. Report, 1870, pp. 672–82. U.S. Congress. 41st. 3rd session. Senate Executive Document 39, p. 2.

2.
Parker, Arthur C.
The Life of General Ely S. Parker.
Buffalo, N.Y., Buffalo Historical Society, 1919, pp. 102–03.

3.
U.S. Congress. 41st. 3rd session. Senate Executive Document 39, pp. 38–39.

4.
Ibid.,
p. 39.

5.
Ibid.,
pp. 40–41.

6.
Ibid
., pp. 42–44.

7.
The New York Times,
June 17, 1870.

8.
Olson, James C.
Red Cloud and the Sioux Problem.
Lincoln, University of Nebraska Press, 1965, p. 127.

9.
Cheyenne
(Wyoming)
Daily Leader,
March 3,1870.

10.
U.S. Congress. 41st. 3rd session. House of Representatives Report 39, p. 284.

1.
Conner, Daniel E.
Joseph Reddeford Walker and the Arizona Adventure.
Norman, University of Oklahoma Press, 1956, p. 37.

2.
McClintock, James H.
Arizona.
Chicago, 1916, Vol. I, pp. 176–78.

3.
Conner, pp. 38–42.

4.
U.S. Congress. 39th. 2nd session. Senate Report 156, pp. 305–06.

5.
U.S. Secretary of the Interior. Report, 1871, p. 485.

6.
Ibid.,
p. 486.

7.
Ibid.,
p. 488.

8.
U.S. Secretary of the Interior. Report, 1871, p. 470.

9.
Ibid.,
pp. 475–79.

10.
Ellis, A. N. “Recollections of an Interview with Cochise, Chief of the Apaches.” Kansas State Historical Society,
Collections,
Vol. 13, 1915, pp. 391–92.

11.
Howard, O. O.
My Life and Experiences Among Our Hostile Indians.
Hartford, Conn., 1907, pp. 204–19.

12.
Schmitt, Martin F., ed.
General George Crook.
Norman, University of Oklahoma Press, 1946, p. 182.

13.
Clum, Woodworth.
Apache Agent, the Story of John P. Clum.
Boston, Houghton Mifflin, 1936, pp. 99–100, 129.

14.
Lockwood, Frank C.
Pioneer Days in Arizona.
New York, Macmillan, 1932, pp. 171–72.

1.
U.S. Congress. 43rd. 1st session. House Executive Document 122, p. 173.

2.
Riddle, Jeff C.
The Indian History of the Modoc War.
1914, p. 44.

3.
Ibid.,
pp. 45–46.

4.
U.S. Congress. 43rd. 1st session. House Executive Document 122, p. 173.

5.
Ibid.,
p. 174.

6.
Ibid.,
pp. 50–51.

7.
Riddle, p. 61.

8.
Britt, Albert.
Great Indian Chiefs.
New York, Whittlesey House, 1938, pp. 235–36.

9.
Sherman to Canby, March 12, 1873, as quoted in Murray, Keith A.
The Modocs and Their War.
Norman, University of Oklahoma Press, 1959, pp. 156–57.

10.
Meacham, A. B.
Wigwam and Warpath,
Boston, 1875, p. 441.

11.
Ibid.,
pp. 444–52.

12.
Riddle, pp. 69–77.

13.
U.S. Congress. 43rd. 1st session. House Executive Document 122, pp. 140–41.

14.
Riddle, pp. 90–91.

15.
Ibid.,
pp. 143–44.

16.
U.S. Congress. 43rd. 1st session. House Executive Document 122, p. 111.

17.
Ibid.,
pp. 140–41.

1.
Kappler, Charles J.
Indian Affairs, Laws and Treaties.
Vol. 2, p. 980.

2.
Nye, W. S.
Carbine and Lance.
Norman, University of Oklahoma Press, 1937, p. 95.

3.
Leckie, William H.
Military Conquest of the Southern Plains.
Norman, University of Oklahoma Press, 1963, p. 113.

4.
Tatum, Lawrie.
Our Red Brothers.
Philadelphia, Winston, 1899, p. 29.

5.
U.S. Bureau of American Ethnology. Annual Report, 17th, 1895–96, p. 208.

6.
L. Tatum to E. Hoag, as quoted in Nye, pp. 173–74.

7.
Nye, p. 179.

8.
Ibid.,
p. 182.

9.
Leckie, p. 151.

10.
U.S. Bureau of American Ethnology. Annual Report, 17th, 1895–96, p. 329.

11.
Carter, Captain R. G.
On the Border with Mackenzie.
New York, Antiquarian Press, 1961, pp. 355–56.

12.
U.S. Department of the Interior. Report, 1872, p. 516.

13.
Army and Navy Journal,
Vol. 10, October 26, 1872, p. 165.

14.
Battey, Thomas C.
Life and Adventures of a Quaker Among the Indians.
Boston, Lee and Shepard, 1891, p. 90.

15.
Nye, p. 209.

16.
Ibid.,
p. 219.

17.
Battey, pp. 202–03.

18.
Garretson, Martin S.
The American Bison.
New York Zoological Society, 1938, p. 128. Hornaday, W. T.
The Extermination of the American Bison.
Washington, Smithsonian Institution, 1889, pp. 496–501.

19.
Nye, W. S.
Bad Medicine and Good.
Norman, University of Oklahoma Press, 1962, pp. 179–80.

20.
Ibid.,
p. 182.

21.
Nye,
Carbine and Lance,
p. 246.

22.
Battey, p. 296.

23.
Nye,
Carbine and Lance,
p. 300.

1.
New York
Herald,
August 27 and September 25, 1874.

2.
Gilbert, Hila.
“Big Bat” Fourier.
Sheridan, Wyoming, Mills Company, 1968, p. 43.

3.
Kappler, Charles J.
Indian Affairs, Laws and Treaties.
Vol. 2, p. 1002.

4.
U.S. Commissioner of Indian Affairs. Report, 1875, p. 187.

5.
Gilbert, p. 43.