Assignment to Hell (77 page)
Read Assignment to Hell Online
Authors: Timothy M. Gay
32.
Cronkite,
A Reporter’s Life
, p. 104.
33.
Cronkite and Carleton,
Conversations
, p. 58.
34.
Stephen E. Ambrose,
D-Day
, p. 241.
35.
www.303rdbg.com/missions.html
, no. 172.
36.
Ibid.
37.
Dore notes.
38.
Cronkite,
A Reporter’s Life
, p. 104.
39.
Pete Hamill, ed.,
Liebling:
World War II Writings
, p. 476.
40.
Ibid., p. 461.
41.
Letter from Don Whitehead to Liebling biographer Raymond Sokolov, Kroch Library, Cornell University.
42.
Hamill, p. 825.
43.
Ibid., p. 827.
44.
Ibid., p. 846.
45.
Raymond Sokolov,
Wayward Reporter: The Life of A. J. Liebling
, pp. 163–64.
46.
Hamill, p. 460.
47.
Sixth Naval Beach Battalion History,
www.6thbeachbattalion.org
.
48.
Hamill, p. 473.
49.
Hamill, p. 841.
50.
Hamill, p. 474.
51.
Ibid.
52.
Ibid., pp. 474–75.
53.
Ibid., pp. 475–76.
54.
Interview with Andy Rooney, April 2011.
55.
Rooney,
My War
, p. 146.
56.
Rooney,
My War
, p. 156.
57.
Don Whitehead column in
AP World
, Summer 1947, in Boyle’s personal papers.
58.
Letter from Hal Boyle to Frances Boyle, June 9, 1944.
59.
Atlanta Constitution
, June 9, 1944.
60.
Betsy Wade,
Forward Positions
, pp. xiv–xv.
61.
Richard Kluger,
The Paper
, p. 370.
62.
Wade, p. 48; plus
New York Herald Tribune
, June 6, 1944.
63.
Referenced in reviews of Atkinson’s
Day of Battle
,
amazon.com
.
64.
Eric Sevareid,
Not So Wild a Dream
, p. 414.
65.
Geoff Ward and Ken Burns,
The War
, p. 207.
66.
Hamill, p. 476.
67.
Ibid., p. 477.
68.
Ibid.
69.
Ibid.
70.
Ibid., p. 482.
71.
Ibid., p. 488.
72.
Ibid., p. 489.
73.
Cronkite,
A Reporter’s Life
, p. 104.
74.
Cronkite and Carleton,
Conversations
, p. 59.
75.
Cronkite,
A Reporter’s Life
, p. 104.
76.
Cronkite interview for CBS News documentary narrated by Charles Kuralt.
77.
Cronkite and Carleton,
Conversations
, pp. 59–60.
78.
David Nichols, ed.,
Ernie’s War
, pp. 277–78.
79.
AP, Boyle column, July 15, 1944. (Endnotes marked “AP” are clips that come from Boyle’s papers at the Wisconsin Historical Society; they’re carbons of his original pieces. The dates, when available, reflect Boyle’s date of submission, not of publication.)
80.
AP, Boyle column, July 5, 1944.
81.
Rooney,
My War
, p. 157.
82.
Ibid., pp. 157–58.
83.
Ibid., p. 158.
84.
Wade, p. 9; plus
New York Herald Tribune
, February 27, 1943, p. 1.
85.
Wade, p. xv.
86.
Peter Arnett,
Live from the Battlefield
, p. 186.
87.
AP Inter-Office
, article by Ed Kennedy, in Boyle’s personal papers.
88.
Cronkite,
A Reporter’s Life
, p. 99.
89.
Rooney,
My War
, p. 133.
90.
Hamill, pp. 822–23.
91.
Ibid.
CHAPTER 1
Early Impressions
1.
Quoted in Sokolov, p. 20.
2.
Hamill, p. 20.
3.
David Remnick,
Just Enough Liebling
, p. xx.
4.
Letter from Katherine Sergeant White to Raymond Sokolov, Liebling’s papers, Kroch Library, Cornell University.
5.
Referenced in Remnick, p. xvii.
6.
Letter from Roy Wilder, Jr., to Raymond Sokolov, Liebling’s papers, Kroch Library, Cornell University.
7.
Letter from Katherine Sergeant White.
8.
Quoted in Sokolov, p. 9.
9.
Ibid., p. 54.
10.
Ibid., p. 61.
11.
Referenced in Herman Wouk’s novel
Inside, Outside
.
12.
Quoted in Sokolov, p. 135.
13.
Ibid., p. 13.
14.
Hamill, p. 516.
15.
Referenced in Sokolov, p. 15.
16.
Taken from photo caption in Wade’s
Forward Positions
, prior to p. 185.
17.
Referenced in Kluger, p. 363.
18.
Referenced in Wade, p. xx.
19.
Referenced in Kluger, p. 364.
20.
Washington Post
, November 10, 1935, “Mr. Wolfe Listens,” p. SM10.
21.
Quoted in Kluger, p. 364.
22.
Rooney,
My War
, p. 92.
23.
Ibid., p. 16.
24.
Referenced in a Brian Rooney–Andy Rooney “interview” in
The Scene
, a Colgate University magazine, Spring 2010, provided by Brian Rooney and Bob Ruthman.
25.
Letter from Bob Ruthman to author, July 22, 2010.
26.
Ruthman letter.
27.
Interview with Bob Ruthman, April 2010.
28.
Rooney,
My War
, p. 32.
29.
Newark News
, January 24, 1944.
30.
Newsweek
, November 19, 1957.
31.
Quoted in photo caption, Boyle’s
Help, Help!
, opposite p. 64.
32.
AP Boyle column, believed to be June 17, 1943.
33.
Ibid.
34.
Article by Don Whitehead,
AP World
, Summer Issue 1947.
35.
Letter from Hal Boyle to his mother, April 30, 1943.
36.
Boyle note in personal papers, undated.
37.
Referenced in
Sigma Phi Epsilon Journal
, circa 1945, in AP archives, New York.
38.
Believed to be from the
Columbia
(MO)
Daily Tribune
, in AP archives, New York.
39.
Letter from Hal Boyle to Frances Boyle, June 9, 1944.
40.
Letter from Hal to Frances, August 29, 1943.
41.
Interview with Kate Cronkite, May 2010.
42.
Cronkite,
A Reporter’s Life
, p. 31.
43.
Cronkite and Carleton,
Conversations
, p. 12.
44.
Ibid., p. 17.
45.
Cronkite,
A Reporter’s Life
, p. 73.
46.
Hamill, p. 21.
47.
Sokolov, pp. 94–95.
48.
Ibid., p. 125.
49.
Ibid., p. 127.
50.
Hamill, p. 59.
51.
New Yorker
, April 27, 1940.
52.
Letter from Liebling to his mother, May 14, 1940.
53.
Letter from Liebling to his mother, May 29, 1940.
54.
Letter from Paris,
New Yorker
, May 18, 1940, pp. 36–40.
55.
Letter from Liebling to his mother, June 5, 1940.
56.
Sokolov, p. 140.
57.
Ibid.
58.
Ibid., p. 141
59.
Ibid., pp. 141–42.
60.
Remnick, page xx.
61.
Ibid., page xxi.
62.
New Yorker
, February 22, 1941.
CHAPTER 2
“All Sorts of Horrors”—Crossing Torpedo Junction
1.
Quoted in Wade, p. xxi.
2.
Kansas City Star
, September 1, 1944. (Many of Boyle’s
Kansas City Star
references come from the scrapbook kept by his sister-in-law, Monica Murphy Boyle, who did not record the dates the articles appeared in the newspaper. When available, the dates listed come from Boyle’s dateline, which generally was a day or two before the articles were actually published.)
3.
Wade, p. xx.
4.
Chester Wilmot,
The Struggle for Europe
, p. 17.
5.
AP Boyle article, November 7, 1942.
6.
Wilmot, p. 18.
7.
Quoted in Miller,
The Story of World War II
, p. 167.
8.
Rooney,
My War
, p. 41.
9.
AP Boyle article, November 7, 1942.
10.
Ibid.
11.
Rooney,
My War
, p. 42.
13.
Referenced in Dore’s 1995
Cronkite Remembers
script notes.
14.
Cronkite and Carleton,
Conversations
, p. 34.
15.
Cronkite,
A Reporter’s Life
, p. 81.
16.
Cronkite and Carleton,
Conversations
, p. 33.
17.
Interview with Charles Kuralt, CBS News documentary.
18.
Cronkite,
A Reporter’s Life
, p. 81.
19.
Hamill, p. 212.
20.
Cronkite,
A Reporter’s Life
, p. 82.
21.
Cronkite uniform on display in LBJ Library museum exhibit, University of Texas at Austin.
22.
Dore interview notes.
23.
Cronkite and Carleton,
Conversations
, p. 34.
24.
Cronkite USS
Arkansas
diary, August 1942.
25.
Ibid.
26.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenock_Blitz
.
27.
Cronkite and Carleton,
Conversations,
p. 36.
28.
Cronkite told Don Carleton that the Dieppe controversy occurred after he’d taken a second trip to London in the summer of 1942. But Cronkite must have been mistaken: The Dieppe debacle happened during his maiden trip.
29.
Statistic referenced at Imperial War Museum exhibit in London.
30.
September 12, 1942.
31.
Ibid.
32.
Ibid., September 10, 1942.
33.
Cronkite,
A Reporter’s Life
, p. 83.
34.
Ward and Burns,
The War
, p. 166.
35.
Cronkite and Carleton,
Conversations
, pp. 36–37.
36.
Ibid.
37.
Ibid.
38.
Rooney,
My War
, p. 44.
39.
Ibid., pp. 48–56.
40.
www.memory.loc.gov/ammem/sgphtml/sashtml/history.html
.
41.
Miller,
Masters of the Air
, p. 121.
42.
Stars and Stripes
, December 8, 1942, p. 2.
43.
Stars and Stripes
, December 14, 1942.
44.
Wade, pp. 5–7; also
New York Herald Tribune
, January 19, 1943.
45.
Stars and Stripes
, July 10, 1943, p. 2.
46.
Wade, p. 7; also
New York Herald Tribune
, January 19, 1943.
CHAPTER 3
North Africa’s Lipless Kiss
1.
New York Times
, November 16, 1942, p. 1.
2.
Letter from Hal Boyle to his mother, November 28, 1943.
3.
Ibid.
4.
Ibid.
5.
AP World
, Summer 1947, article by Don Whitehead.
6.
Rick Atkinson,
An Army at Dawn
, p. 3.
7.
David Nichols,
Ernie’s War
, pp. 64–65.
8.
Atkinson,
An Army at Dawn
, pp. 33–41.
9.
Ibid., p. 102.
10.
Cronkite USS
Texas
diary, October–November 1942, in Cronkite’s personal papers.
11.
Cronkite and Carleton,
Conversations,
p. 38.
12.
Cronkite
Texas
diary, October 20, 1942.
13.
Ibid.
15.
Cronkite
Texas
diary, October 24, 1942.
16.
Ibid.
17.
Atkinson,
An Army at Dawn
, pp. 42–43.
18.
Cronkite,
A Reporter’s Life
, p. 85.
19.
Cronkite spelled it “Sebu” in his dispatches; the river’s name is generally spelled “Sebou” today.
20.
Kansas City Kansan
, November 28, 1942, p. 1.
21.
AP Boyle article, datelined November 9, 1942.
22.
Atkinson,
An Army at Dawn
, p. 147.
23.
Cronkite,
A Reporter’s Life
, p. 89.
24.
Ibid., p. 90.
25.
Hamill, p. 217.
26.
Ibid., pp. 217–18.
27.
Ibid., p. 222.
28.
Atkinson,
An Army at Dawn
, pp. 251–52.
29.
Ibid.
30.
Ibid., pp. 251–58.
31.
Article by Don Whitehead,
AP World
, Summer 1947.
32.
Calvin Trillin tribute to Boyle,
New Yorker
, April 1974, reprinted in
Kansas City Star
, May 2, 1974.