America's Great Game (70 page)

usurping Naguib,
159

Nasserism,
198
,
204
,
221
,
222
,
226
,
246
,
247
,
248
,
263
,
264
,
268
,
286
,
287
,
290

National Council of Churches,
236

National Front (Iran),
161
,
162
,
163
,
168

National Presbyterian Church,
179
,
186

National Review
(journal),
296

National Security Act,
56
,
125

National Security Council (NSC),
113
,
147
,
163
,
223

National Security Medal,
175
,
278

NATO,
273

Nazi German-American Bund,
186

Nazi Germany,
23
,
46
,
48
,
56
,
71
,
72
,
116

See also
Germany
;
World War II

Nazi War Crimes Disclosure Act (1998),
156

Nazi war criminals,
155–156

Near East College Association,
35
,
85

Near East Report
(newsletter),
187
,
241
,
242
,
292

Neo-Destour,
28
,
29

New York Herald Tribune
,
46

New York Times
,
58
,
84
,
93
,
103
,
106
,
159
,
167
,
183–184
,
210
,
256
,
292

NO-BEEF subsidy program,
252

Non-Communist Left (NCL) groups,
117–118
,
128
,
130
,
244

North Africa,
6
,
8
,
23
,
24
,
25
,
26
,
27
,
28
,
43
,
51–52
,
70
,
99
,
250
,
289

See also specific countries of North Africa

Northrop,
293–294

Norton, Lorraine Nye,
128–129

Nuclear energy, bluff involving,
253–254

“Occultism in High Places” (OHP) project,
228

Occupied Territories,
177

O’Connell, Jack,
268
,
287

Office of National Estimates,
155

Office of Policy Coordination (OPC),
113–114
,
115–116
,
117–118
,
131
,
133–134
,
143
,
148
,
149

Office of Special Operations (OSO),
148

Office of Strategic Services (OSS),
32
,
33
,
34
,
35–36
,
37–38
,
40
,
41
,
55
,
58
,
59
,
60
,
65
,
66
,
71
,
78
,
86
,
88
,
93
,
141
,
297

Office of War Information (OWI),
27
,
31
,
32

Oil industry,
22
,
48
,
49
,
59
,
61
,
62
,
63
,
80
,
86
,
124
,
161–162
,
223
,
237–238
,
254

OMEGA program,
218–219
,
220–224
,
225–227
,
230
,
231
,
247
,
263

“On the Record” (Thompson),
116

“Open Letter to Every American Citizen, An” (AFME),
210

Operations Coordinating Board,
219
,
220
,
243
,
281

Organization of Arab Students,
292

Organization theory,
150

Orientalism,
4
,
7
,
9
,
19
,
22
,
29
,
38
,
41
,
52
,
64
,
84
,
100
,
105
,
120
,
124
,
141
,
162
,
170–171
,
184
,
229
,
299

Ottoman Empire,
6
,
7–8
,
97

See also
Turkey

OVERLORD operation,
71

Page, Howard,
253

Pahlavi, Mohammed Reza (shah of Iran),
50
,
52
,
53
,
160–161
,
164
,
165
,
166
,
167
,
168
,
170
,
173
,
277
,
279
,
294

Pahlavi, Reza Shah (previous shah of Iran),
48
,
50

Palestine,
39
,
40
,
64
,
79

Britain and,
8
,
56
,
61–62
,
117
,
288

and Jewish immigrants,
56
,
61–62

partitioning of,
62
,
85
,
90
,
91–92
,
93
,
126

UN vote to partition,
63
,
84
,
89
,
97
,
177

See also
AntiZionism
;
ArabIsraeli conflict
;
Israel
;
Jerusalem
;
Zionism

Palestinian refugees,
83
,
92
,
105
,
116
,
121
,
122
,
130
,
177
,
209
,
265

Pareto, Vilfredo,
149
,
150
,
229

Parker, Orin D.,
292

Partisan History of Judaism
(Berger),
183

“Partition of Palestine: A Lesson in Pressure Politics” (Kim Roosevelt),
84–85

Patton, George S.,
21
,
25

Paul, Norman S.,
247

Peabody, Endicott,
9–10
,
11
,
12
,
13
,
16
,
20
,
69

Pearl Harbor,
15
,
23

Penrose, Stephen B. L., Jr.,
35
,
40
,
41
,
58–59
,
63
,
66
,
72
,
83
,
115
,
144–145
,
243

Pentagon.
See
US Defense Department (Pentagon)

“People-to-People” approaches,
181
,
242

Persia.
See
Iran

Persian Gulf,
6
,
49
,
61
,
205
,
221
,
230

Philby, Harry St. John “Jack,”
22
,
59
,
60
,
67
,
80
,
158

Philby, Kim,
67
,
114
,
169
,
249
,
295
,
297

Philippines,
151
,
157

Phoenix news bureau,
122
,
129
,
237

Pinkerton, Lowell C.,
131

Poisoning schemes,
104
,
222
,
225
,
256
,
290

Political Action Staff,
227–228

“Power Problems of a Revolutionary Government” (Eichelberger),
154

Princeton,
38
,
86

Private sphere, increasing colonization of,
242–244

Protestant missionaries, influence of,
21–22
,
26
,
64
,
80
,
85–86
,
89

Psychological Warfare Branch (PWB),
27–29

Psychological Warfare
(Linebarger),
157

Psychological warfare, use of,
148
,
153–154
,
157
,
162–163
,
228

Public Affairs Press,
183

Public relations theory,
148

Qasim, ‘Abd al-Karim,
290

Qavam al-Saltaneh, Ahmed,
50
,
52
,
53

Qazi, Mohammed,
53

Quiet American, The
(Greene),
114
,
151

Quwatli, Shukri al-,
97
,
98
,
100–105
,
107–108
,
137
,
138
,
139
,
220
,
248–249
,
252
,
254
,
255
,
256
,
260–261

Radio Algiers,
27

Radio Maroc,
26

Rainbow operation,
254

Ramparts
(magazine),
118
,
120
,
238
,
292
,
293

RAND Corporation,
229

Rashidian brothers,
163
,
164
,
165

Raytheon,
293

“Resources for Dynamic Democracy” speech,
180

Revolutionary Command Council (RCC)

Egyptian,
137
,
152
,
154
,
158
,
159
,
191
,
196
,
269

Syrian,
269

Revolutionary governments, views of,
149–150
,
154–155

Rifi (Berber tribe),
23
,
24
,
27
,
39

River of Doubt expedition,
5
,
13
,
174

Rockefeller, David,
295

Roosevelt, Archibald B., Jr. (Archie),
66
,
72
,
86
,
99
,
266

with AMCOMLIB,
250
,
255

Anglophilia of,
44
,
251
,
261

as anticommunist,
45–46
,
50–51
,
169
,
251

in Army Specialist Corps,
20–21

article written by,
46

assigned to Spain,
285
,
295

autobiography of,
67
,
295

award received,
295

and basic conservatism as a spy,
249–250

birth of,
17

in Britain as station chief,
295

in Cairo/Egypt during WWII,
38–39

changing his views on US Middle East policy,
50–51

with Chase Manhattan Bank,
295

childhood of,
5
,
18–19
,
55

CIA performance evaluation of,
114

with CIG/CIA,
65
,
72

Cold War activism of,
250
,
251

and Cold War skirmishes,
161

crisis of,
131

death of,
296

decision to stay in the Middle East after WWII, reasons for,
43–48

declining to work for the State Department,
47
,
65

discontent with the Eisenhower Doctrine,
285

divorce of,
131

early career of,
18
,
20

education of,
18
,
19–20
,
31

end-of-war sortie to Iran,
42–43

failing at Syrian regime change,
261
,
268–269
,
285

family/married life with KW,
27
,
32
,
47–48
,
65
,
131
,
296

father of,
5
,
6
,
17
,
18
,
19
,
31