All the Presidents' Bankers (105 page)

    
financial strategies of,
91

    
as financial supermarket,
50–51

    
global expansion of,
43–44
,
53
,
168
,
185
,
213
,
222
,
225
,
246

    
history of,
3
,
18

    
as largest bank in US,
84

    
multicurrency loan agreement,
269

    
national defense program, financing of,
162

    
purchase of First National Bank of New York,
217

    
war, beneficial effect of,
163

    
See also
Citigroup

National City Company,
29

National Council on US-China Trade (later US Business Council),
287–288

National Economic Council,
369
,
382
,
400

National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933,
132
,
149

National Monetary Commission,
19

National Reserve Association,
24
,
26

National War Fund,
167–168

NATO.
See
North Atlantic Treaty Organization

Neutrality Act of 1939,
156
,
164

Neutrality laws,
148

New Deal,
132–133
,
145–146

New York Banking Department,
108

New York City, threatened bankruptcy of,
298–300

New York Trust,
217

Newsom, David,
308
,
309

Nicaraguan Freedom Fund,
294

Nixon, Richard M.

    
bankers, relationship with,
275
,
279–280
,
283–284

    
election of 1968,
271

    
gold standard, end of,
281

    
House Un-American Activities Committee, member of,
189

    
Israel, support for,
290

    
Lockheed, bailout of,
279

    
McCloy’s opinion of,
234

    
National Council on US-China Trade, establishment of,
287–288

    
reelection in 1972,
283

    
resignation of,
295

Norbeck, Peter,
119

Norman, Montagu,
80

Norris, George,
94

North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA),
370
,
372

North Atlantic Security plan,
190

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO),
202
,
227

Northern Securities Company,
6

NSC 68 (national security report),
194

Nuclear bomb testing,
236

Nye, Gerald Prentice,
74
,
147

Obama, Barack

    
bankers, relationship with,
394
,
411–412
,
415–416

    
on bankers’ bonuses,
412
,
414

    
campaign contributors of,
411
,
417

    
economic policy appointments,
412–413

    
Goldman Sachs,
411–413

    
Jamie Dimon, friendship with,
413

    
quantitative easing, approval of,
101

    
Wall Street dishonesty, reaction to,
419
,
421

Ochs, Adolph,
129

Oil, recycling into loans,
292–294

O’Neal, Earnest “Stanley,”
402
,
406

OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries),
244
,
289–290
,
302
,
307

Organization for European Economic Cooperation (later Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development),
227

Orlando, Vittorio,
58
,
60

Owen, Robert Latham,
35
,
37

Pact of Steel,
154

Pahlavi, Mohammad Reza Shah,
304
,
306–309
,
310
,
315

Palast, Greg,
412

Palmer, Edward,
285

Pandit, Vikram,
412

Panic of 1893,
3

Panic of 1907,
7–13

Paris Peace Conference,
58–60

Participation Sales Act of 1966,
267

Patman, Wright,
115
,
279
,
284

Patterson, Ellmore,
296
,
298

Paulson, Henry “Hank,”
203
,
369
,
395
,
398
,
399
,
401
,
404
,
407
,
409–411

Payne-Aldrich Tariff Act of 1909,
25
,
30

Pearson, Drew,
249

Peck, Mary Allen Hulbert,
15

Pecora, Ferdinand,
119
,
139–140

Pecora Commission hearings,
118–120
,
127–131

Pelosi, Nancy,
411

Penn Central,
264
,
277–279

Penn Square Bank,
328–329

Perkins, George W.,
4
,
10
,
15

Perkins, James,
119
,
122–124
,
139
,
140
,
151
,
160

Perón, Juan,
222

Peterson, Rudolph,
272

Petrodollars,
276
,
290
,
293–294
,
303

Phillips, David Graham,
6

Piketty, Thomas,
391

Pitt, Harvey,
398

Porter, Roger,
359

Potter, William,
97
,
125
,
142

Pound, devaluation of,
367

Prado, Manuel,
222

Preston, Lewis,
312
,
344
,
351
,
362

Prime rates, floating,
286

Prince, Charles,
405
,
406

Pritzker, Penny,
412

Progressive “Bull Moose” party,
30

Progressive Era,
2
,
68

Prosser, Seward,
97

Puche, Jaime Serra,
372

Pujo, Arsène,
27

Pujo Committee,
13
,
30
,
32
,
33

    
hearings,
27
,
49
,
119
,
127
,
418

Quantitative easing,
85
,
101
,
420

Rabinowitz, Yehoshua,
292

Railroads, regulation of during World War I,
42–43
,
52

Raines, Franklin,
303

Rajai, Mohammad-Ali,
316

Reagan, Nancy,
324

Reagan, Ronald

    
1987 market crash, investigation of,
346

    
Argentina, loan guarantee for,
332

    
bankers, relationship with,
323–324
,
326

    
campaign promises,
321

    
deregulation policy,
320
,
321
,
337–338

    
economic recovery program,
325–326

    
election of 1980,
315

    
Greenspan, appointment of,
344–345

    
mergers, policy regarding,
330

    
reelection in 1984,
338

    
tax policies,
324
,
326

    
third world debt crisis, solutions for,
332–333
,
338–339

Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs),
297–298

Recarey, Miguel Jr.,
352

Reciprocal Tariff Act of 1934,
169

Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act of 1943,
169

Reconstruction Finance Corporation,
114

Reed, John,
270
,
303
,
336
,
343–344
,
350
,
351–352
,
381
,
384
,
389
,
390

Reed, Joseph,
289
,
307
,
309

Regan, Donald,
283–284
,
321–323
,
326
,
333
,
334
,
335
,
338
,
402

Regulation Q,
133
,
136
,
233
,
306
,
314

Reich, Robert,
391

Reichsbank,
79
,
92

Rentschler, Frederick,
160

Rentschler, Gordon,
160
,
168
,
181

Resolution Funding Corporation,
254
,
354

Resolution Trust Corporation,
359

Revenue Act of 1932,
145

Revenue Act of 1935,
145–146

Revenue Act of 1942,
146
,
165

Revenue Act of 1943,
169

Revenue Act of 1944,
146
,
169

Revenue Acts of 1924, 1926, 1928,
82

Revenue Acts of 1950 and 1951,
200

Riegle-Neal Interstate Banking and Branching Efficiency Act of 1994,
371
,
383

Robb, Charles,
363

Roberts, Owen,
149

Roberts, Paul Craig,
320
,
355

Rockefeller, David

    
Alliance for Progress, use of,
250

    
appointments to public office, offers of,
210
,
284
,
308

    
on business-government synergies,
245

    
as co-CEO of Chase Bank,
232

    
global expansion,
201
,
237
,
256–257
,
273
,
287
,
288–289
,
291–292

    
International Advisory Committee, creation of,
272

    
as international power broker,
238

    
Kennedy, relationship with,
231–232

    
retirement from Chase,
327

    
Rockefeller-Kennedy letters in
Life
magazine,
240–241

    
Rostow’s theories, belief in,
237
,
238

    
salary in 1968,
272

    
Shah of Iran, relationship with,
304–305
,
307–310

    
start of Chase career,
193–194

    
Time
magazine article about,
242

    
Trilateral Commission, creation of,
275

Rockefeller, Happy,
307

Rockefeller, James Stillman,
3
,
223

Rockefeller, John D.,
2
,
3

Rockefeller, Margaret “Peggy,”
288
,
295