1415: Henry V's Year of Glory (93 page)

72.
The ‘une’ does not necessarily relate to a female form of ‘one’, as spelling of French words, like English, had yet to be standardised. The quotation comes from the
Iliad
, ii, lines 204–5.

73.
Loomis (ed.),
Constance
, pp. 217–18.

74.
Monstrelet
, i, p. 325.

75.
Wylie,
Henry V
, i, p. 56;
Foedera
, ix, p. 203.

76.
Wylie,
Henry IV
, iii, p. 395.

77.
Wylie,
Henry V
, i, p. 221.

78.
HKW
, ii, pp. 988–1000. Sutton House followed, in April 1415. See
ibid
., p. 1004.

79.
Dugdale,
Monasticon
, vi, p. 29.

80.
Wylie,
Henry V
, i, pp. 230–1.

81.
Dugdale,
Monasticon
, vi, pp. 542–3. For the two-storey church, see
ibid
., p. 541, quoting Weever.

82.
Dugdale,
Monasticon
, vi, p. 542 (dimensions);
HKW
, i, p. 265
(brickmakers).

83.
Johnes (ed.),
Monstrelet
, i, pp. 323–5 (where this is dated to the 24th); Vaughan,
John the Fearless
, pp. 203–4; Curry,
Agincourt
, p. 47. See also
de Baye
, ii, p. 210 n. 1, where it is dated to the 23rd.

84.
Wylie,
Henry V
, i, p. 445.

85.
Wylie,
Henry V
, i, pp. 90–3.

86.
Issues
, p. 339.

87.
Luard (ed.),
Flores Historiarum
, iii, p. 193;
CCR 1327–30
, p. 4. I am grateful to Kathryn Warner for drawing my attention to these references to
Burgoyne
.

88.
Markham,
Court of Richard II
, p. 33. This site may also have been used by earlier kings as a retreat. See
CCR 1327–30
, p. 4.

89.
HKW
, i, p. 245.

90.
E 101/620 (last membrane).

91.
Issues
, p. 340. This item was on a membrane which is detached from E 101/620.

92.
Issues
, p. 340.

March

1.
Vaughan,
John the Fearless
, pp. 211–12.

2.
Loomis,
Constance
, pp. 218–19.

3.
Dugdale,
Monasticon
, vi, p. 542. This translation has been smoothed somewhat. The exact text is
Haec omnia ad sedulae considerationis examen, inspirante supernam gratiam, in cujus manu sunt regum corda, et testante scriptura, ‘ubi voluerit inclinabit
’.

4.
Fox,
Acts and Monuments
, p. 840; Wylie,
Henry V
, i, p. 286.

5.
Grime,
Lanterne of Lyght
(1535), fol. ix recto. With regard to the earlier quotations, these have been taken from Fox,
Acts and Monuments
, p. 841 and have not been checked in the 1535 edition.

6.
Wylie,
Henry V
, i, p. 289.

7.
Spinka (ed.),
Letters of John Hus
, pp. 148–9.

8.
CPR
, p. 288. Temporalities were restored to him on 16 March (
Syllabus
, ii, p. 584).

9.
E 403/621. See under 1 May. The journey would have entailed three days’ travelling each way – the distance to Southampton was 75 miles. Henry may have left in the last week of February and spent several days in Southampton, returning in time to visit the Londoners on the 10th.

10.
Riley (ed.)¸
Memorials
, p. 603.

11.
Loomis (ed.),
Constance
, p. 115.

12.
Part of this table is preserved on the wall of the undercroft of the hall, in what is now known as the Conciergerie, Paris.

13.
Wylie,
Henry V
, i, p. 440.

14.
Curry,
Agincourt
, p. 45; Johnes (ed.),
Monstrelet
, i, pp. 325–6.

15.
Foedera
, ix, pp. 210–12.

16.
Foedera
, ix, pp. 212–13.

17.
Issues
, p. 340.

18.
E 403/621.

19.
Foedera
, ix, pp. 213–14.

20.
Curry,
Agincourt
, p. 50.

21.
Loomis (ed.),
Constance
, p. 220.

22.
Riley (ed.),
Memorials
, pp. 604–5; Wylie,
Henry V
, i, p. 454.

23.
Hutton,
Rise and Fall
, p. 20.

24.
Loomis (ed.),
Constance
, p. 490.

25.
Foedera
, ix, p. 215. However, it wrongly named Simon Flete as Richard Clitherowe’s companion, not Reginald Curteis as it should have done. Curteis and Clitherowe had received the money in February; the commission was correctly issued in their name on 4 April (
Foedera
, ix, pp. 216–17).

26.
CCR
, p. 176.

27.
CPR
, p. 294.

28.
CCR
, p. 162.

29.
Loomis (ed.),
Constance
, pp. 222,
491.

30.
Wylie,
Henry V
, i, p. 223.

31.
Loomis (ed.),
Constance
, pp. 117, 222.

32.
Fears
, p. 221. The ‘royal predecessors’ were named as Edward III, the Black Prince, Richard II or John of Gaunt.

33.
CCR
, pp. 268, 270;
Foedera
, ix, p. 216; Wylie,
Henry V
, i, p. 454.

34.
CPR
, p. 308.

35.
Hutton,
Rise and Fall
, pp. 20–1.

36.
CPR
, p. 321.

37.
Loomis (ed.),
Constance
, pp. 223–5.

38.
This date is an estimate. It took Warwick ten weeks to reach Constance in winter but it took Caterick five weeks to return in summer. Six weeks has been allowed for the most important members of the embassy to return. They were back by 11 May.

39.
Hutton,
Rise and Fall
, p. 21.

40.
CPR
, p. 307.

41.
CPR
, p. 321.

42.
Hutton,
Rise and Fall
, p. 21.

43.
Mortimer, ‘Henry IV’s date of birth and the royal Maundy’, pp. 567–76, esp. 572;
Fears
, p. 371. This concludes that Maundy Thursday (15 April 1367) was Henry IV’s date of birth. Christopher Fletcher, apparently unfamiliar with this work, has subsequently suggested 16 March 1367, which appears in a late-fifteenth-century redaction of the chronicle of John Somer. See Fletcher,
Richard II
, p. 1, n. 4

44.
E 101/406/21 fol. 19r.

45.
The first move towards cramp rings to cure epilepsy occurs in the reign of Edward II, in 1323. See Ormrod, ‘Personal Religion of Edward III’, p. 864.

46.
E 101/406/21 fol. 19r.

47.
Hutton,
Rise and Fall
, pp. 22–3.

48.
Nicolas (ed.),
Privy Council
, ii, p. 149.

49.
English Historical Documents
, p. 208.

50.
Marx (ed.),
An English Chronicle 1377–1461
, p. 42; Brie (ed.),
Brut
, ii, pp. 374–5. See also
Illustrious Henries
, p. 129.

51.
Given-Wilson (ed.),
Usk
, p. 253.

52.
Chronica Maiora
, p. 399.

53.
Sacrosancta
has been described as ‘probably the most revolutionary official document in the world’. See Spinka,
John Hus at at the Council of Constance
, p. 64.

54.
Loomis (ed.),
Constance
, pp. 227–8.

55.
Hutton,
Rise and Fall
, pp. 23–5.

56.
E 101/406/21.

57.
Hutton,
Rise and Fall
, p. 26.

April

1.
Hutton,
Rise and Fall
, p. 26.

2.
CPR
, p. 327. This was assigned to be paid by the abbot and convent of St Peters Gloucester, receivers of a royal manor worth £48, on 11 June. See
CCR
, p. 219.

3.
CPR
, p. 328.

4.
For example, the meetings of 10 April and 27 May. The only council meeting which Clarence attended in the first half of the year seems to have been the great council of 15–18 April.

5.
Issues
, p. 340.

6.
Cal. Charter Rolls
, pp. 479–80. Although the terms of the charter had no doubt been established some days or even weeks earlier, it is noticeable that the necessary arrangements for funding the priory were also dated today (e.g. the compensation grants paid to Queen Joan and Sir John Rothenhale), so this was a key date in Henry’s religious programme.

7.
CPR
, p. 340. These sums had been allocated to her in lieu
of her dower.

8.
CPR
, p. 372.

9.
HKW
, i, p. 266.

10.
Cal. Charter Rolls
, pp. 479–80; Dugdale,
Monasticon
, vi, pp. 29–34; Wylie,
Henry V
, i, p. 216.

11.
CPR
, pp. 395, 380. The site is not specified as the Celestine one but the measurements and location allow us to compare it to the Syon Abbey site. Both were about thirty-one acres (give or take an acre) and had a common boundary, so seem to have been one site divided in half. Both sites were bordered by the north bank of the Thames and Twickenham field. The grant of several alien priories’ estates along with the triangular site described in this grant (and the subsequent identical one of 29 July) is further evidence that this site was that of the planned Celestine foundation. See also
HKW
, p. 266.

12.
Wylie,
Henry V
, i, pp. 230–1.

13.
They departed with the French envoys in July. See Wylie,
Henry V
, i, p. 231;
HKW
, p. 266.

14.
For a description of Jerome see Loomis (ed.),
Constance
, p. 135.

15.
Loomis (ed.),
Constance
, p. 131.

16.
CPR
, p. 296.

17.
Foedera
, ix, pp. 216–17.

18.
Loomis (ed.),
Constance
, pp. 119–20.

19.
Foedera
, ix, p. 217;
CPR
, p. 298.

20.
Nine weeks had passed since John XXIII’s confirmation of Patrington’s election. This compares with Richard Beauchamp’s ten weeks travelling to Constance. In the dark of winter it would appear to have been a hard journey, travelling an average of about sixty miles a week.

21.
Loomis (ed.),
Constance
, p. 229.

22.
Bellaguet (ed.),
Chronique du Religieux
, v, p. 503.

23.
Wylie,
Henry V
, i, p. 452; Bellaguet (ed.),
Chronique du Religieux
, v, pp. 501–5.

24.
Bellaguet (ed.),
Chronique du Religieux
, v, p. 501.

25.
CCR
, p. 268.

26.
E 101/406/21 fol. 5v.

27.
Kirby (ed.),
Signet Letters
, p. 161. Kirby suggests the ambassadors who had returned with the cup were Sir John Colvyle and Richard Hals, who had returned in December 1414. A delay of four months before writing to acknowledge a diplomatic gift seems unlikely. It is possible that John Chamberlain returned with it, given his appearance in the February 1415 Issue Rolls. However, that mission too was some months earlier.

28.
Riley (ed.),
Memorials
, p. 606.

29.
Rawcliffe,
Medicine and Society
, pp. 120–1.

30.
CPR
, p. 342.

31.
CCR
, pp. 206–7. These were actually granted on the 8th; they are mentioned here so they may be connected more directly with Henry’s instructions.