Unbearable Weight: Feminism, Western Culture, and the Body (55 page)

"micropractises," 17, 18;

of reproduction, 230, 338n.34; slenderness, 182;

social criticism, 24243 Pratt, Minnie Bruce, 220

Pregnancy, Birth, and Family Planning
(Guttmacher), 1213 Pregnant women, 36, 7797;

addicted, 8384, 314n.40; anorectics' fear of pregnancy, 46; cerclage, 78, 311n.21;

and couple's pregnancy, 91; embodiment, 36, 9192, 96;

and father's rights, 8893, 310n.4;

forced cesareans, 7680, 311n.19, 31213nn.26, 31;

as incubators, 8088, 90, 94;

and medical treatment, 7587, 31116;

and New Reproductive Technologies, 39, 8687;

personhood of, 72, 79, 94, 312n.24;

subjectivity of, 80 88, 91, 92, 9397.

See also
Abortion; Fetuses
Presumed Innocent,
117 Professionals:

women, 171, 23233, 24042, 309n.48.

See also
Academics; Medical establishment Progress, 131

Protest:

female disorders as, 6465, 17477;

pathology of, 6465, 159 60, 175, 177;

and retreat, 17677 Psychoanalysis, 327n.117;

on eating disorders, 46; feminist, 231;

Flax and, 28081, 285;

and hysteria, 46, 67, 158;

Lacanian, 175, 181, 280, 281.

See also
Freud, Sigmund Psychology:

dieting, 103;

on female consumers, 10310.

See also
Psychoanalysis; Psychopathology Psychopathology, as crystallization of culture, 13964 Puberty, anorexia at, 156

Public domain:

gendered labor division and, 71, 11718, 171;

men in, 42,

11718, 134;

women in, 3637, 68, 134, 170, 171.

See also
Professionals

Pumping Iron,
153

Purity, 15152, 198, 278

R

Rabinow, Paul, 143

Race, 191, 222, 22930, 301n.6, 339n.51;

anorectics and, 320n.10;

and beauty, 63, 25158, 26365; and body norms, 34;

and cosmetic changes, 25158; feminism and, 217, 22930;

and fetusdoctor relationship, 314n.48; generalizations about, 40, 23839;

and muscles, 19395;

postmodern deconstruction and, 283;

and public sexual harassment rape cases, 23537; sexism and, 286, 339n.43;

"women of color," 22930.

See also
African Americans; Ethnocentrism; Racism; Whites Racism, 301n.6;

and animality, 911, 236;

and body rights, 7576, 7980; Central Park rape and, 286; and cosmetic changes, 25154; and femininity, 63;

feminism and, 221, 229;

and "just being people," 242;

postmodern deconstruction and, 28283;

and public sexual harassment / rape cases, 9, 23437 "Rambolina," 173

Rape, 68, 9, 29;

acquaintance, 8, 23436; of black women, 236; Central Park, 286; fathers' rights and, 92;

in films, 117;

gang, 275;

in songs, 275 Reality:

and appearances, 104;

dieting, 103

Reason, 21920, 281

Reconstruction:

of developmental theory, 231;

of feminist discourse on body, 16568; and oppressor/ oppressed model, 26; of subjectivity, 9697, 28485

"Red Bloomers," 37

Reebok ads, 29697 Reilly, Philip R., 76 Religion:

legalmedical dismissal of, 7879, 80.

See also
Christianity Representations:

deconstruction of body, 1517; gendered labor division, 11824; of heterogeneous reality, 229; homogenization by, 2426;

nontraditional gender, 13134;

"subversive," 131;

of unrestrained female appetite, 130.

See also
Media Reproduction, 1112, 230;

abuse, 7579;

anorectics and, 46, 207, 320n.9;

and body as construction and resource, 3637; control over, 71, 7797;

experience, 9497;

of femininity, 16584;

freedom from, 20911;

hourglass figure and, 208, 335n.31;

and involuntary sterilization, 7576, 79;

New Reproductive Technologies, 39, 8687; practices of, 230, 338n.34;

rights, 7197, 31017.

See also
Mothers; Pregnant women Resistance, 17780, 263, 29598;

Butler and, 292, 294;

Madonna and, 26870, 272;

postmodern, 38, 261, 262, 26570, 272, 277300;

and power, 38, 261, 262, 26568, 295;

undercut and utilized, 16768

Retarded persons, involuntary sterilization of, 7576 Retreat:
‌

female disorders as, 17677; from female otherness, 22933; and protest, 17677

Rice, Margery Spring, 318n.15 Rich, Adrienne, 41, 23132

Rights, 219;

abortion, 90, 9394, 313n.31;

bodily integrity, 7280, 94;

fathers', 8893, 313n.31;

fetal, 77, 78, 81, 8788, 93, 95, 31215;

reproductive, 7197, 31017;

women's, 71, 94, 312n.26 Right wing, and abortion rights, 95
Rochin v. California,
7475, 78

Rocky,
195

Roe v. Wade,
90, 93, 312n.26 Romanticization:

of Europeanness, 99100;

of female values, 231, 232, 233

Rorty, Richard, 21819, 222, 281

Rosen, Trix, 151

Roth, Geneen, 105

Ruddick, Sarah, 41, 231

Running, compulsive, 150, 152

Russell, Jane, 159

Russell, Lillian, 102

Russia, and slenderness, 103

Rust v. Sullivan,
75, 76

Ryle, Gilbert, 73

S

Sacker, Ira, 18889

Sacks, Michael, 153

Sammy and Rosie Get Laid
(hooks), 28283 Sanger, Margaret, 158

Schwartz, Delmore, "Heavy Bear," 13, 4, 56, 11

Schwarzenegger, Arnold, 246

Schwichtenberg, Cathy, 26768

Scurve, 162

Page 357

"Second shift," 309n.48

Secrecy, eating in, 114, 126, 12831, 148

Secret ads, 193, 296

Seidenberg, Robert, 65, 175

Selectivity, and view from nowhere, 22223 Self:

anorectic male/female, 15557, 174, 17879, 324n.79;

body apart from, 5, 144, 14648, 152, 155;

construction of, 5, 15, 170; control identified with, 14546; decentered, 28384, 285; dieting for development of, 185; femininity and, 170;

managed, 68, 152, 166, 17174, 191212

(
see also
Discipline); "narrow circle of," 220;

slenderness and inner state of, 19197 Selfcreating, 272, 296.

See also
Transformation Selfdenial:

with fitness exercise, 152;

of food, 118, 130, 201, 318n.15;

by mothers, 118, 318n.15.

See also
Control; Will Selfesteem, and body image, 5657 Selffeeding, 12526, 130, 171 Selfrealization, body and, 5, 301n.2 Selfrestraint.
See
Control; Discipline Selfsacrifice.
See
Selfdenial Selfsufficiency, control and, 153 Semchyshyn, Stefan, 86

Senate, U.S., 240

Seneca Falls Convention, 157 Sex.
See
Gender

Sex changes, 39, 294 Sexism:

and body rights, 7579; about fashion, 22;

postmodern deconstruction and, 28283;

and public sexual harassment / rape cases, 23537; race and, 286, 339n.43;

women's collusion in, 2829.

See also
Misogyny Sexual abuse, 69;

and eating disorders, 46, 64, 148, 179, 323n.54;

of hysterics, 46;

masturbation as, 16162.

See also
Rape

Sexual harassment, Hill/Thomas hearings, 89, 11, 71, 23440

Sexuality, 287;

ambiguity, 293;

androgyny, 141, 148, 174, 206, 269, 274, 324n.83;

Christianity and, 4, 6, 14546;

eating disorders and attitudes toward, 46, 148, 323n.55; feminism and, 183;

film punishments for female, 117; and food, 11017, 317n.7;

gender as "performance" and, 290; heterosexism, 289, 290, 294;

homosexuality, 34, 1023, 294;

hunger as, 11017, 148, 161, 163, 183, 317n.7;

Madonna and, 26869;

and masturbation as sexual abuse, 16162; medicalization of, 14243, 16162;

"natural," 289, 29091, 292, 294;

and politics of sexualization and objectification, 332n.40; temptress, 68, 14, 29, 71, 148;

Victorian view of women's, 16263, 183

Shaw, Sandy, 153

Shields, Brooke, 155, 163

Showalter, Elaine, 169

Shrimpton, Jean, 102 Shuttleworth, Sally, 335n.29 Silber, Sherman, 39, 304n.42 Silverstein, Brett, 17879

Simulations
(Baudrillard), 104

Singer, Lori, 163

Sixteen Again,
39

Skepticism, gender, 21543 Slavery:

African American women and, 911, 22; and women's rights, 157

Slenderness, 185212, 333n.7;

boyfriends and, 64, 15455, 204, 334n.24; changes in definition, 57;

class and, 62, 19193;

culture and, 1023, 14041, 15455, 185212;

decoding ideal of, 187212;

eating disorders and, 46, 5760, 67, 6869, 140, 141, 14748, 154, 15960, 170 72, 204;

femininity and, 17071;

feminists and, 29, 3233, 160;

and flab, 18791;

and gender, 187, 20412;

Madonna and, 26970;

meaning of, 26, 46, 57, 170;

overdetermined, 67, 187, 20412; practice vs. text, 182;

and self (inner state), 19197; and social body, 187, 198202;

spiritual dimensions of, 6869, 196198;

and success, 62, 63, 191;

"tyranny of," 33, 141, 154, 185

SlimFast, 108

Smith, Dinitia, 151, 15354

Smith, William Kennedy, 8, 234, 236

SmithRosenberg, Carroll, 17576

Smith v. Brennan,
87 Snitow, Ann, 37

Soap operas, 6 Social body:

contradictions of, 187, 199202;

slenderness and, 187, 198202

Social conduct manuals, Victorian, 11214, 130, 183 Social control:

of female body, 16667; of female hunger, 130

Page 358

Social criticism:

feminist systemic, 2933, 54, 309n.48;

and generalizations, 23839, 24243;

modernist, 242;

talk shows and, 25859

Social formation, female pathology as, 17778 Social mobility, mastering the body and, 19596 Social position, 191;

and body shape/ size, 187, 19197.

See also
Class; Gender; Race Social protest.
See
Protest

Solitaire
(Liu), 156

Songs, misogynist, 27475

Sons and Lovers
(Lawrence), 160 Specter, Arlen, 235

Spirit, active, vs. passive body, 1115, 90 Spiritual dimensions:

of fasting, 185;

in mastery of desire, 198;

of slenderness, 6869, 19698.

See also
Mind body dualism; Religion

Splash,
163

Sprenger
(Malleus Malificarum),
161 Stallone, Sylvester, 60, 334n.24 Stanton, Elizabeth Cody, 158 Starvation:

addiction to biochemical effects of, 180; as psychological reality of dieting, 103; against will, 154.

See also
Hunger

Staying Alive,
246, 32324

SteinerAdair, Catherine, 47, 309n.48, 331n.21 Sterilization, involuntary, 7576, 79

Stewart, Pamela Rae, 81
Streetcar Named Desire,
195 Strober, Michael, 64

Studies in Hysteria
(Freud & Breuer), 158, 331n.28 Subjectivity, 73;

black, 316n.72;

of corpses, 311n.11;

embodied, 7280, 151, 26775;

and father's rights, 91, 92;

fetal, 8088, 316n.76;

and food relations, 100, 103;

informed consent and, 7374, 79; and life support, 311n.11; Madonna and, 26775;

politics of, 7197;

postmodernism and, 26775, 277300;

reclaiming reproductive, 9397;

reconstructing, 9697, 28485; rhetoric and politics, 96; subversive, 295;

of women, 8088, 91, 92, 9397, 26775

Subordination, of women, 262 Subversion, 29295, 29899 Success:

class and, 62, 191;

and slenderness, 62, 63, 191

Such a Pretty Face
(Millman), 202 Suleiman, Susan Rubin, 226, 227, 267 Supersubjects, fetal, 8088, 316n.76 Superwoman, 47, 17374, 309n.48, 331n.21 Supreme Court:

New Jersey, 87;

U.S., 72, 75, 81, 90

Surgical Solution
(Reilly), 76 Symbols:

animality, 4;

body shape/ size, 187, 19197; body as system of natural, 19899; consumption, 202;

female disorders as, 16869, 17677, 181;

femininity, 181.

See also
Text

Symposium
(Plato), 3

Systemic critique, feminism as, 2933, 54, 309n.48

T

Taft, William Howard, 192

Taft v. Taft,
78 Talk shows:

"Donahue," 25154, 25556, 258, 29394;

on father's rights, 91; on obesity, 2034;

Oprah Winfrey, 60, 82, 255, 296;

as postmodern conversation, 25859; on sex changes, 39

Technologies:

and body as machine, 245; New Reproductive, 39, 8687;

for physical transformation, 185, 24550.

See also
Cosmetic surgery; Liposuction
TeenAge Werewolf in London,
189 "Telephone Call" (Parker), 160

Television, 26062, 321n.12;

"Fame," 153;

femininity in shows, 16970; food and dieting images, 199; ideal woman, 16364;

muscles on, 195;

"Nightline," 91;

and plastic pluralism, 258; "semiotic resources of," 261; soap operas, 6;

"Thirtysomething," 121;

"20/20," 187.

See also
Advertisements; Talk shows Temptation and fall, with food, 11214 Temptress, woman as, 68, 14, 29, 71, 148

Terminator II,
297 Text:

body as, 38, 165, 16874, 18084, 29193;

"difference," 21718;

slenderness, 182;

subversion, 299;

world as, 226.

See also
Media

Thinking Fragments
(Flax), 40, 27980 Thinness.
See
Slenderness

Thomas, Cal, 82