Mistress of the Vatican (76 page)

51, 52, 60–61, 64–65, 70–71, 75, 77, 111, 113–14, 116, 117–34, 170–73, 182–83, 186, 188–89, 201–4, 211–17, 218, 219–20, 225–26, 251–52, 278–90, 293–96, 307, 314–22, 332–43, 374–75, 376, 377–79, 380, 384–89
portrait of, 169, 280
pregnancies of, 35, 65, 71, 75
as Princess of San Martino, 163–64 rehabilitation and return of, 314–80, 389 relics collected by, 239–45, 269, 281, 317 reputation of, 1–6, 12, 25–28, 29, 36–37,

62–63, 70–71, 76–77, 83, 97, 106, 107–11, 129, 150–51, 157–58, 166–73, 189–90, 201–2, 209–12, 219–21, 224–31, 237–39, 243–46, 249–50, 256–57, 264, 268–73, 281–90, 314–19, 321, 335, 354–55, 374–75, 384–89, 411–15, 418, 419 Ripagrande garden of, 333–34, 353
in Rome, 2–3, 38, 41–65, 66, 67, 74–290,

293, 314–80, 388–89
in San Martino, 163–64, 288, 289,

293–95, 310, 322, 328–30, 348, 354, 380–81, 389, 403–8, 409
science as interest of, 98, 101
sculptured bust of, 290
second exile of, 380–81, 388–89, 395–96,

401, 403–8, 409
second marriage of (Pamphili), 5, 38–43, 51, 52, 55, 58–59, 60, 61, 62, 64, 66, 71, 78, 79, 101, 104–7, 109, 110, 221, 329, 364
servants of, 31–33, 54–55, 64–65, 66, 70,

101, 105, 277–78, 288, 294, 334, 356, 364, 369, 409, 411
sexual molestation charge of, 25–27,

166–67
sexual relations of, 6, 25–27, 62–63, 77,

110, 129, 166–67, 228
social life of, 53–54, 64–65, 75–76, 83,

[ 448 ]

Index

110–11, 150–51, 157–58, 171–73, 184–85, 249–50, 392
theater as interest of, 101–4, 110, 111, 163,

184–85, 194, 237–38, 239, 281, 416
titles of, 43, 141, 163–64
tomb of, 209–11, 409–11
Umbrian land purchased by, 348 vengeance of, 27, 28, 42, 61, 157–58, 227,

280, 284, 286–87, 290, 310, 321–22, 336, 341, 358, 370
as Viterbo resident, 9–43, 44, 51, 54, 56,

75, 105, 110, 163, 166, 210–12, 229, 246, 289, 293–95, 328–30, 333, 354, 395, 401, 403–8, 415–16, 418
wealth of, 1, 28, 29–31, 36–37, 42–43, 52, 55, 59, 63, 67, 70–72, 78, 101, 105, 106, 107, 109, 111, 161, 170, 171–72, 180, 206, 210, 213, 220, 249–50, 285, 324–25, 329, 332–36, 348, 368, 407, 412–13, 418 weddings of, 30–31, 42–43, 58–59
as widow, 35–37, 105–7, 110–11, 114, 140,

151, 216–17, 271, 368, 411
will of, 3, 109, 206, 213, 332–34 Pamphili, Pamphilio, 5, 38–43, 51, 52, 55,

58–59, 60, 61, 62, 64, 66, 71, 78, 79, 101, 104–7, 109, 110, 221, 329, 364 Pamphili, Prudenzia, 107, 273, 281 Pamphili family, 3, 38–43, 44, 58, 62, 63,

71, 77, 78–80, 107, 110, 154–55, 164, 171, 203, 210, 213, 222, 223–24, 226, 237–39, 254, 259, 273, 274–81, 285, 288–90, 294, 296, 297, 299, 302, 305, 307, 310, 312–13, 316, 318, 321, 323–27, 330, 331–33, 337, 338–39, 341, 343, 344, 349–50, 358–59, 363, 367–68, 372, 373, 379, 380, 383, 388, 389, 402–6, 412;
see also specific family members
Panciroli, Giovanni Giacomo, 5, 133, 137,

142, 155, 169, 194, 204, 205, 207, 214, 216, 224, 251, 274, 275, 278–79, 286, 294, 296–98, 299, 310
Pantheon, 418
papabile
(“popeable”), 65, 111, 249, 374 papacy, 15–16, 41, 45–49, 72–74, 80–87,

91–92, 111–12, 115–34, 139–52, 156–60, 174, 175–78, 274–81, 365–66
papal bulls, 93, 234–35, 303–5, 320
Papal States, 6, 9, 10, 15–16, 18, 56, 63, 68,

75, 80, 114–15, 155, 172, 177, 180, 185, 211, 218–20, 225, 229, 235–36, 265, 276, 277, 282, 287, 316, 338–40, 349, 356, 387, 415;
see also
Vatican

Paradise Lost
(Milton), 146
Paris, 48, 74–75, 83
Parision, Matteo, 351, 360, 362
Parma, 114–15, 197, 202, 223, 227, 245 Pasquino (“pasquinades”), 44, 45–46, 62,

83, 88, 101, 118, 172, 177, 183, 195, 215, 230–32, 245, 255, 365–66, 374–75 Paul, Saint, 24, 90, 143, 145, 173, 174, 283,

327
Paul III, Pope, 81, 175–77, 197, 223
Paul IV, Pope, 236
Paul V, Pope, 57, 65, 127, 192, 198, 213, 259 penance, 257–73
Peperelli, Francesco, 100–101
Pepin the Short, King of the Franks, 80 Peretti, Felice,
see
Sixtus V, Pope
Perfetto maestro di casa, Il,
54–55, 88 Peter, Saint, 6, 19, 82, 116, 117, 125, 133,

142–48, 174, 241, 248, 273, 283, 284, 327, 366, 384
Peter I, Emperor of Russia, 95, 172
Philip II, King of Spain, 68
Philip IV, King of Spain, 75, 130, 219, 267,

414
Piazza del Popolo, 87, 91–92
Piazza Navona, 43–46, 48, 54, 56, 57–59,

62, 74, 87–88, 101, 111, 140–41, 160, 162, 172, 252–55, 265, 272, 295, 312–13, 318, 327–28, 353, 368, 379, 389, 413
Pilate, Pontius, 118, 150, 241, 263 pilgrims, 257–73
Pinturicchio, 165
Pius IV, Pope, 176
Pius V, Pope, 40, 167–68
Pius X, Pope, 121
plague, 36, 396–408
Plato, 391
podagra, 340–41
Poland, 63, 86, 92, 93, 226
Pompilio, Numa, 239
“poor cardinals,” 101
Porta del Popolo, 91–92
Portugal, 114, 217–18, 282, 303–4, 349–50
possesso
ceremony, 156–60
priests, 20, 21, 25–27, 57, 69, 126, 166–68,

173–75, 200, 260, 307–8, 419 prostitutes, 21, 164, 167–68, 260, 264, 273,

281, 405
Protestantism, 4–5, 14, 21–22, 63, 84, 86,

90–91, 98–100, 147, 165, 167, 175, 176, 233–35, 240, 241, 261, 269, 270, 282, 283, 285, 340, 348–49, 356–57, 366, 389, 391

[ 449 ]

Index

protonotaries, 247 Puritans, 235, 283

Quirinal Palace, 232–33, 270, 277, 278–79, 280, 286, 287, 289, 307, 317, 318, 319, 330, 340–41, 343–44, 349–50, 351, 353, 355–63, 366, 386–87, 401, 416–17

Rainaldi, Carlo, 161–62, 265, 327, 389 Rainaldi, Girolamo, 161–62, 327, 389 Rampolla del Tindaro, Mariano, Cardinal, 124
Ranuccio II, duke of Parma, 245–46 Rapaccioli, Francesco, 373, 374
Raphael, 82, 127, 146, 165, 199, 418 Ravizza, Francesco, 376
Reformation, 63, 98–100
Relatione della Corte di Roma,
150, 358 relics, 142–48, 239–45, 269, 281, 317, 320 Renaissance, 12, 92, 126–27, 162, 198–99 Reni, Guido, 95–96
Retz, Jean-François-Paul de Gondi, Cardinal de, 307
Riccardi, Marchese, 369–70, 374–75
Richard II
(Shakespeare), 293
Richelieu, Armand-Jean du Plessis, Cardinal and Duc de, 74, 75
Rinaldi, Carlo, 313
Rinaldi, Girolamo, 313
Rinalducci, Gianbattista, 170 Ripagrande garden, 333–34, 353
rochet (long-sleeved shirt), 94, 138, 268, 367 Roman Empire, 15, 46, 50–51, 92, 126,

143–45, 241
Roman Forum, 45, 46, 50–51, 158, 243 Romans, Letter of St. Paul to the, 173 Rome, 39–41, 43–51, 67, 72–74, 80, 91–92,

112–13, 118–19, 146, 149–52, 156–60, 165, 167–68, 182, 215, 220–24, 226, 229–32, 236, 252–73, 280, 281, 294,
317, 319–20, 327, 333–34, 343–44, 350, 353–54, 365–66, 378, 379, 389–93, 397, 398–405, 414, 415, 417, 418;
see also
Piazza Navona
Rosa, Saint, 16–17, 24, 30
Rossano, Olimpia Aldobrandini, Princess of, 196–208, 221–29, 231, 238–39, 245–46, 268, 273, 278, 281, 289–90, 296, 297, 302, 305, 306–7, 309–10, 314, 316, 317, 321, 322, 323, 330, 333, 335, 344, 358–59, 374, 388, 390, 392, 401, 403–4, 405, 411–12, 413, 414, 418 Rossi family, 101, 161, 162
Rota, 60, 65, 133, 140, 285, 344–45

Sacchetti, Giulio, 123, 129–30, 131, 132,

373, 374, 376, 377, 378
Sack of Rome (1527), 47–48, 80, 146, 165 Sacred College of Cardinals, 65, 94, 96,

115, 117–34, 209, 213–16, 280, 281, 305–7, 315, 322, 325, 340, 344–47, 359–60, 413, 414, 415
Sagredo, Nicolò, 170, 284 Saint-Chamond, Marquis de, 121, 124, 131,

132, 179
St. John Lateran basilica, 145, 156–60, 165,

258, 259, 260–62, 263, 264, 273, 288
St. Mary Major basilica, 258, 260–63, 264 Saint-Nicolas, abbot, 185–86, 199, 203, 214,

224, 250–51
St. Paul Outside the Walls basilica, 207,

258, 260–61, 262, 264, 288, 401–2
St. Peter’s Basilica, 48, 95–96, 116, 138–39,

142–51, 158, 159, 160, 187, 190–95, 205, 213, 258–62, 263, 264, 271, 272, 288, 295, 330, 365, 366, 367–70, 380, 385, 390, 408, 413, 418
St. Peter’s Square, 417
saints, 19, 89, 126, 142–48, 239–45, 247,

258, 265–69, 281, 317, 320
St. Sebastian Gate, 252
Salerno, 338–40
San Bonaventure, Antero Maria da, 398 San Martino, 163–64, 288, 289, 293–95,

310, 322, 328–30, 348, 354, 380–81, 389, 403–8, 409;
see also
Church of San Martino
Santa Croce, Marchese, 270
Savoy, 268, 281–82
Scot, Michael, 119
Scotti, Monsignor, 358, 359, 370, 382 Segni, Monsignor, 370
Seven Penitential Psalms, 99
Sforza, Federico, 207, 262, 344, 359, 360,

376, 377–78
Shakespeare, William, 52, 293, 348, 384,

395, 409
Shields, Brooke, 419
Shroud of Turin, 268
Siena, 379, 381–82, 383, 395, 400 Simon Magus, 248
simony, 248, 284, 304, 355, 384 Simpson, Wallis Warfield, 200 Siricius, Pope, 126, 174

[ 450 ]

Index

Sirvela, Count of, 124–25
Sistine Chapel, 73, 88, 103, 121, 125,

129–30, 134, 149, 150, 153, 166, 205, 206, 233, 325, 372
Sixtus IV, Pope, 44, 47, 355
Sixtus V, Pope, 40, 67, 127, 166–67, 233 sodomy, 303–4
sottana
(tight-fitting robe), 94, 138
Spada, Bernardino, 137, 299, 374, 375,

376–77
Spada, Virgilio, 312, 313
Spain, 57–58, 59, 63, 68, 70, 73, 74–75,

78, 82–87, 91, 93, 106, 112–14, 120–25, 130–34, 152–55, 170, 181, 185, 211, 216–20, 225, 226, 227, 235, 239, 265, 267, 285, 298, 301, 303, 338–43, 349–50, 372–78, 382–83, 384, 388, 414, 417 Swiss Guards, 219, 251, 330, 367 Sylvester, Pope, 144
syphilis, 140, 168

taxation, 9–10, 14, 44, 67, 68, 81–82, 91,

118, 198, 218–20, 232, 252, 255, 329, 338, 353, 380, 387, 404
Teodoli, Mario, 113
Teofili family, 65, 100–101
Tertullian, 13
theater, 101–4, 110, 111, 163, 184–85, 194,

237–38, 239, 281, 416
Theodora, 173
theology, 13, 14, 57, 89–91, 98–100, 125–26,

146–47, 248, 320–21
Thirty Years’ War, 86, 112, 232–35, 282,